DSA Roadmap in C++ (Beginner to Advanced)
Stage 1: Beginner (Foundations in C++)
Goals:
- Learn basic C++ syntax
- Understand programming fundamentals
Topics:
- Input/Output (cin, cout), Variables, Data Types
- Conditionals, Loops, Functions
- Arrays and Strings, Basic STL (vector, string)
Tools:
- IDE: CodeBlocks, Visual Studio, Replit
- Practice: HackerRank, Codeforces (800 level), LeetCode Easy
Stage 2: Data Structures Basics
Goals:
- Master common data structures
Topics:
- Arrays, Strings, Linked Lists, Stack, Queue, Recursion
- HashMaps & HashSets, Complexity Analysis
Practice:
- GeeksforGeeks, LeetCode Easy + some Medium
Stage 3: Algorithms - Intermediate
Goals:
- Learn core algorithm paradigms
Topics:
DSA Roadmap in C++ (Beginner to Advanced)
- Sorting (Bubble, Merge, Quick), Searching (Binary Search)
- Two Pointers, Sliding Window, Backtracking, Greedy Algorithms
Important Problems:
- Subarray sum, Kth smallest/largest, N-Queens, Subsets/Permutations
Stage 4: Advanced Data Structures
Goals:
- Handle complex problems efficiently
Topics:
- Trees (Binary, BST, Traversals), Tries
- Heaps, Graphs (DFS/BFS), DSU, Segment Tree, BIT
Stage 5: Advanced Algorithms
Goals:
- Master competitive programming level algorithms
Topics:
- Dynamic Programming
- Graph Algorithms (Dijkstra, Bellman-Ford, Topo Sort)
- String Algorithms (KMP, Z Algorithm)
- Number Theory (Sieve, Modular Arithmetic)
Stage 6: Competitive Practice / Real-World Prep
Goals:
- Solve timed problems, prepare for interviews
Platforms:
- LeetCode, Codeforces, AtCoder, CSES, InterviewBit
DSA Roadmap in C++ (Beginner to Advanced)
STL to Know:
- vector, pair, map, set, priority_queue, deque, stack, queue, unordered_map, bitset
Example Weekly Breakdown (First 4 Weeks)
Week 1: C++ basics, arrays, loops, functions
Week 2: Strings, recursion, basic STL, sorting
Week 3: Searching, 2D arrays, stack, queue
Week 4: Linked lists, hashing, basic problems