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C CPP Detailed Cheat Sheet

This cheat sheet provides a detailed overview of C and C++ programming languages, covering key concepts such as data types, control structures, functions, and file handling for C, and object-oriented programming, inheritance, and templates for C++. It includes examples of code for both languages and quick tips for job exams, emphasizing memory allocation and STL usage. A comparison table highlights the differences between C and C++ features.

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16 views4 pages

C CPP Detailed Cheat Sheet

This cheat sheet provides a detailed overview of C and C++ programming languages, covering key concepts such as data types, control structures, functions, and file handling for C, and object-oriented programming, inheritance, and templates for C++. It includes examples of code for both languages and quick tips for job exams, emphasizing memory allocation and STL usage. A comparison table highlights the differences between C and C++ features.

Uploaded by

u1902178
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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C & C++ Job Exam Cheat Sheet (Detailed)

--- C Language ---

1. Type: Procedural Language

2. Key Headers:

- stdio.h: Standard I/O

- stdlib.h: Memory allocation, conversion

- string.h: String handling

- math.h: Math functions

3. Data Types:

- Basic: int, char, float, double

- Qualifiers: short, long, signed, unsigned

4. Control Structures:

- if, else, switch-case

- loops: for, while, do-while

- break, continue, goto

5. Functions:

- Declaration, definition, calling

- Pass by value, pass by reference (via pointers)

- Recursion

6. Arrays & Strings:

- One-dimensional, multi-dimensional

- String manipulation with functions like strcpy, strlen


7. Pointers:

- Declaration, dereferencing, pointer arithmetic

- Pointers with arrays, functions, and structures

8. Structures & Unions:

- Grouping different data types

- Access via dot (.) and arrow (->) operators

9. File Handling:

- fopen(), fclose(), fprintf(), fscanf(), fread(), fwrite()

Example (C):

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

int a = 10;

printf("Value: %d", a);

return 0;

--- C++ Language ---

1. Type: Multi-paradigm (Procedural + Object-Oriented)

2. Key Headers:

- iostream: Input/output

- cstdlib, cmath, cstring, fstream

3. OOP Concepts:
- Class, Object, Inheritance, Polymorphism, Abstraction, Encapsulation

4. Constructors & Destructors:

- Constructors initialize objects automatically

- Destructors clean up when object is destroyed

5. Function Overloading & Operator Overloading

6. Access Specifiers: public, private, protected

7. Inheritance:

- Single, Multilevel, Multiple, Hierarchical, Hybrid

8. Polymorphism:

- Compile-time: Function/Operator Overloading

- Run-time: Virtual Functions

9. Templates:

- Function and Class templates (Generic programming)

10. STL (Standard Template Library):

- Containers: vector, list, map, set

- Algorithms: sort, find, reverse

- Iterators

Example (C++):

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class Person {

public:

void greet() { cout << "Hello!"; }

};

int main() {

Person p;

p.greet();

return 0;

--- Quick Tips for Job Exams ---

- Know memory allocation functions: malloc, calloc, free

- Understand pointer to pointer, and pointer with arrays

- Practice writing and debugging loops and recursion

- Be confident with class structure and inheritance

- Practice STL usage with vector and map

--- C vs C++ ---

| Feature |C | C++ |

|-----------------|------------------|---------------------------|

| Style | Procedural | Object-Oriented + Procedural |

| I/O | printf, scanf | cout, cin |

| Classes/Objects | No | Yes |

| Encapsulation | No | Yes |

| Templates | No | Yes |

| Function Overload| No | Yes |

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