Chapter 8 : application of differential
and integral calculus in economics
DIFFERENTIATION
dy
y = f (x) = f 0 (x) • chain rule
dx
k 0
xn nxn¡1
• Implicit function: f(y) = f(xy) jaise diya hai waise hi
x 1 differentiate karo and then adjustment karo dy/dx one
p 1
x p side other terms on another side
2 x
1 1
¡
x x2 • Parametric function : y = f(t) and x = f(t) is given
a x x
a log a find dy/dt and dx/dt and divide to find dy/dx
x
ex e • Logarithmic function : log ke rules use karke change the y
1
log x
x = f(x) as log y = log f(x)
du dv Remember last me y ko multiple karna hai to find dy/dx
u§v §
dx dx
dv du
u¢v u¢ +v¢ • Second order differentiation: differentiation ka
dx dx
differentiation
u du dx
v¢ ¡u
v dx dx
V2
ku du
k
dx
INTEGRATION
Integration by parts
U shall be logarithmic function or algebraic function or exponential function
DEFINITE INTEGRATION
Properties of definite integration
• Other points
1. if function is increasing
2. If function is decreasing
3. When you have to find maximum or minimum value , then following the following steps
Do not forget to check what is asked average or marginal
If marginal cost / revenue is asked then first differentiate given function and then follow
above steps .