The simulation is the representation of a process or phenomenon through a simpler one, which

allows analyzing its characteristics. Thesimulationofprocessesit is one of the largest

toolsof theengineeringin some cases almost indispensable. Thesimulatorsthey are
dedicated to improving and increasing their efficiency to allow for simulations
of different processes before they actually occur, which produce results that
They can be analyzed for future realization of the same. There is a wide variety.
of business process simulators, some of which are powerful tools
of calculation, with immense databases containing the physical properties of thousands of
compounds and chemical substances, selection of thermodynamic models, calculations of
equipment (theoretical and actual), cost analysis, state of aggregation, and operating conditions,
that give the simulator the advantage of great versatility.
The simulation of chemical processes is a calculation tool that allows us to
represent a chemical process using numerical methods and is linked to the
calculation of the balances of matter, energy, and momentum; of a
process whose structure and preliminary data of the equipment that composes it are
known. In general, we can say that a simulation program for
Chemical processes consist of the following parts:
A model.
A set of equations.
Logical rules or statistical models.

As we know, a chemical process consists of a set of operations.

unitary, so the design of this process is vital because it depends on it.
the obtaining of results with values consistent with the parameters that
they control the system (temperature, pressure, flows, and others).

Currently, chemical process simulation programs are a

a very important and widely used tool in chemical engineering due to
which allows us to optimize the working time in calculation, to carry out an analysis of
cost and has the ability to design different models for the same process
allowing the operator to choose the most feasible for their needs, it is due to that
that the development of simulation is a useful tool for fieldwork,
which helps to analyze different process schemes, and thus be able to determine the
better scenario.

This allows for a:

Improve competitiveness by detecting inefficiencies caused by lack of coordination.
between sections of the same plant.
2. Anticipate what would happen if we changed variables such as units to be produced,
workers, machines, etc.
3. Report the actual costs per item, assessing the real impact of each batch within.
of the total to be manufactured.
What is process simulation used for?
Estimate and perform regression analysis of physical properties
2. Predict the behavior of a process using principles of the
engineering
3. Calculation of mass and energy balances and chemical and phase equilibrium
4. Analyze the behavior of a system and conduct optimization studies
and sensitivity
5. Change the operating conditions and analyze alternatives
6. Estimate costs
7. Generate graphical outputs or tables of results
Simulation tools can be classified according to various criteria, such as
the type of processes (batch or continuous), whether it involves time (steady or dynamic,
includes batch teams), if it handles stochastic or deterministic variables,
quantitative or qualitative variables among others.
1.- Qualitative Simulation: Studies causal relationships and trends
qualitative temporals of a system as well as the propagation of disturbances to
through a given process. It has various fields of application for simulation
qualitative, such as trend analysis, supervision and diagnosis of failures, control
process statistics and others.
2.- Quantitative Simulation: Describe numerically the behavior of a
process, through a mathematical model of it. To do this, we proceed to the
resolution of mass, energy, and momentum balances, along with the
constraint equations that impose functional and operational aspects of the
system. This simulation mainly covers the simulation in state
stationary (implies solving the balances of a system not involving the variable
temporal) and the simulation in dynamic state (it poses the balances in its
dependence over time, whether to represent the behavior of equipment
batch, or to analyze the evolution that manifests in the transient between two
steady states for a piece of equipment or a complete plant.

Types of simulators

HYSYS

HYSYS is an interactive program focused on process engineering and simulation, that

it can be used to solve all kinds of problems related to processes
chemicals. This simulator has a very user-friendly interface, in addition to
allow the use of logical operators and tools that facilitate simulation of
various processes. It was acquired by AspenTech in ein 2004so it is developed in the
current news from Aspen Technology. It is a bidirectional simulator, as the flow of
information goes in two directions (forward and backward). In this way, you can calculate
the conditions of an input current to an operation from the corresponding ones
to the output current without the need for iterative calculations. It has a simulation environment
modular both for steady state and dynamic regime. It is software for the
simulation of petrochemical plants and related ones.

ASPEN PLUS

The Advanced System for Process Engineering

Engineering (ASPEN) is a leading market in process modeling tools.
conceptual design, optimization and performance monitoring for the chemical industry,
polymers, chemical specialties, metals and minerals. Developed in the decade of1970
by researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and marketed since
1980by a company called AspenTech. Aspen Plus is a steady-state simulator,
modular sequential (in the latest versions allows the equation-oriented strategy).
It is currently possible that it is the most widespread in the industry. It has been used to model
processes in industries: chemical and petrochemical, oil refining, gas processing and
oils, energy generation, metals and minerals, paper and pulp industries and others.
Aspen Plus has the widest database among commercial process simulators.
and includes the behavior of ions and electrolytes. It also models and simulates any type
of a process for which there is a continuous flow of materials and energy from a unit of
process to another. It has tools for cost calculations and process optimizations,
generation of results in graphical form and in tables and others.

CHEMCAD
CHEMCAD was born in 1984 when a university professor formed a team to develop
a process simulator for personal computers PC. The simulator was sold to the
McGraw Hill software section (COADE) and then continued to be developed and
distributed by Chemstations Inc. CHEMCAD has been evolving over these years
to become a package of modules that covers the calculation and design of exchangers
heat (CC-THERM), dynamic distillation simulation (CC-DCOLUMN),
batch reactor simulation (CC-ReACS), batch distillation simulation (CC-
BATCH), pipeline network simulation (CC-SAFETY NET). It has recently been
version 6 of CHEMCAD has been released with a new user interface and others
additional properties. This system is widely used around the world for design,
operation and maintenance of chemical processes in a wide variety of industries
including the exploration of oil and gas; and of course in chemical processes,
pharmaceuticals, biofuels, and industrial factory processes. Generally, this
software, as a productivity tool has many advantages among which are
mention the following:

Increase in productivity through the use of information obtained from the

daily simulation of calculations related to operating conditions.
 Maximize the profitability of operations through the most efficient design of new ones.
processes and equipment.
Cost reduction and capital investments through optimization and resolution of
existing bottlenecks in processes and equipment.

PRO II
ProII/Provision is one of the process simulation programs in state
the most complete stationary on the market (figure 2.8). This is responsible
to predict the behavior of the different teams and properties of the
currents after establishing the steady state in the system [11].
This program supports two basic interfaces; the first is characterized by the
definition of instructions to the computer through a language of
specific programming. The other interface, which will be used for this work, is
completely graphical (under Windows environment), in which the definition of the process
is done through various menus. Basically, the graphical interface performs
a translation of a drawing to the program for simulation.
Within the various processes that PROII/Provision is capable of
similar, they involve the compression of natural gas, sweetening and
natural gas dehydration.
The calculation methods of ProII/Provision are based on mathematical models.
and classical state equations that describe chemical processes through the
calculation of temperatures, pressures, composition, and thermodynamic properties
such as entropies and enthalpies. To do this, the program analyzes each equipment by
separated, studying the input and output flows, solving balances of
mass and energy through the resolution of systems of equations.
Flowchart of processes.
The flowchart of the process to be simulated must be prepared and obtained, which must
contain all the data and currents that integrate it, as well as the numbering of
you are there to reflect the interrelation between the major teams of the process. In case
From an evaluation, this flowchart must be compared with the configuration.
the actual state of the plant and make the necessary adjustments so that in the simulation
it accurately represents the current state of it.