Assignment 1 Solution
Q.1. What is the membership value for a triangular membership function with parameters a=2,
b=5, and c=8 when x=4?
(a) 0.25
(b) 0.33
(c) 0.67
(d) None of the above
Solution: (c)
x−a
Explanation: The formula for the triangular membership function is: μ(x) = , if a ≤ x < b. For
b−a
4−2
x=4: μ(4) = = 2/3 = 0.67.
5−2
Q.2. For a triangular membership function with parameters a=1, b=4, and c=10, find the value of x
for which the membership value is 0.25.
(a) 2.00
(b) 1.75
(c) 2.50
(d) None of the above
Solution: (b)
x−a
Explanation: Using the formula μ(x) = for a ≤ x < b: 0.25 = x−1 ⇒ x = 1.75.
b−a 4−1
Q.3. A triangular membership function has parameters a=3, b=7, and c=11. Which of the following
is true?
(a) The membership value is maximized at x=3.
(b) The membership value is maximized for x=11.
(c) The membership value is maximized at x=7.
(d) None of the above
Solution: (c)
Explanation: For a triangular membership function, the peak value of μ(x) = 1 occurs at b. Hence,
μ(x) is maximized at x=7.
Q.4. What is the membership value for a trapezoidal membership function with a=2, b=4, c=8,
d=10 when x=5?
(a) 1.00
(b) 0.75
(c) 0.50
(d) None of the above
Solution: (a)
Explanation: For b ≤ x ≤ c, the membership value of a trapezoidal function is 1. Since x=5 falls in
this range, μ (5) = 1.
Q.5. A trapezoidal membership function is defined by a=0, b=3, c=6, and d=9. What happens if c is
increased to 8?
(a) The plateau region with maximum membership value becomes longer.
(b) The plateau region with maximum membership value becomes shorter.
(c) The slope on the right side does not change.
(d) None of the above
Solution: (a)
Explanation: Increasing c extends the flat section (plateau) of the trapezoid where maximum
membership value μ(x) = 1.
Q.6. For a trapezoidal membership function with a=1, b=2, c=5, and d=7, find the x-value where
the membership value is 0.5 between c and d.
(a) x=5.5
(b) x=6.0
(c) x=6.5
(d) None of the above
Solution: (b)
d−x
Explanation: For c ≤ x < d, the formula is: μ(x) = ,Substituting μ(x) = 0.5: x = 6.
d−c
Q.7. What is the membership value of a Gaussian membership function with mean c=6 and
standard deviation σ=2 when x=8?
(a) 0.7075
(b) 0.5065
(c) 0.6065
(d) None of the above
Solution: (c)
(x−𝔀)2
Explanation: The Gaussian membership function is μ(x) = e − 2σ2 . Substituting x=8, c=6, and
σ=2: μ (8) ≈ 0.6065.
Q.8. How does increasing the standard deviation σ in a Gaussian membership function affect its
shape?
(a) The curve becomes wider.
(b) The curve becomes narrower.
(c) The curve becomes steeper.
(d) None of the above
Solution: (a)
Explanation: Increasing standard deviation σ results in a slower drop-off of membership values,
creating a wider curve.
Q.9. A generalized bell-shaped membership function is specified by [a=2, b=4, c=6]. If x=6, what is
the membership value?
(a) 0.50
(b) 1.00
(c) 0.75
(d) None of the above
Solution: (b)
1
Explanation: The generalized bell function is μ(x) = , For x=6, μ(x) = 1.
x−𝔀 2b
1+| a |
Q.10. For a generalized bell-shaped membership function specified by parameters [a,b,c], what
happens if b is decreased?
(a) The curve becomes steeper.
(b) The curve becomes wider.
(c) The curve is not affected.
(d) None of the above
Solution: (b)
Explanation: Decreasing b reduces the exponent in the membership function, leading to a slower
decay and a wider curve.
