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Control Statements in C

Control statements in C allow for the alteration of execution flow, facilitating decision-making and repetition in programming. They are categorized into decision-making statements (like if and switch), looping statements (such as for and while), and jump statements (including break and continue). These statements enhance program interactivity and efficiency, making them essential for various applications like simulations and menu-driven programs.

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29 views11 pages

Control Statements in C

Control statements in C allow for the alteration of execution flow, facilitating decision-making and repetition in programming. They are categorized into decision-making statements (like if and switch), looping statements (such as for and while), and jump statements (including break and continue). These statements enhance program interactivity and efficiency, making them essential for various applications like simulations and menu-driven programs.

Uploaded by

sulaimanthowbic
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Control Statements in C – Forms,

Examples, and Applications


Presented by: Aneesh Fathima
Introduction to Control Statements

• Definition: Control statements allow the flow of


execution to change.
• Purpose: Used for decision-making and repetition in
programs.
• Main Categories:
• - Decision-making statements
• - Looping statements
• - Jump statements
Types of Control Statements

• 1. Decision-making (Selection): if, if-else,


nested if, switch
• 2. Looping (Iteration): for, while, do-while
• 3. Jump (Branching): break, continue, goto,
return
Decision-Making Statements – if, if-else
• Syntax:
if (condition)
{
statement 1
}
else
{
statement 2
}
• Example:
int a = 10;
if (a > 5)
{
printf("a is greater than 5");
}
else
{
printf("a is less than or equal to 5");
}
Nested if and switch Statement
• Nested if: Multiple conditions checked in sequence.
• switch Syntax:
• switch(expression)
{
case value:
statements;
break;
default:
statements;
}
• Example:
int day = 3;
switch(day)
{
case 1: printf(“Monday");
break;
case 2: printf("Tuesday");
break;
case 3: printf("Wednesday");
break;
default: printf("else");
break;
}
Looping – for Loop

• Syntax:
for(initialization; condition; increment)
{
Statement
}
• Example:
for(int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
{
printf(“%d ", i);
}
while and do-while Loops
• while loop: Entry-controlled loop
• do-while loop: Exit-controlled loop
• Example:
• int i = 0;
while(i < 5)
{
printf("%d ", i);
i++;
}
• int j = 0;
do
{
printf("%d ", j);
j++;
} while(j < 5);
Jump Statements – break, continue, goto,
return

• break: Exit loop/switch


• continue: Skip to next iteration
• goto: Jump to labeled block
• Example:
for(int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
{
if(i == 3)
{
break;
}
printf("%d ", i);
}
Applications of Control Statements

• Used in decision trees and menu-driven


programs
• Repetitive tasks like calculations and printing
patterns
• Simulations, games, form validation
• Examples: ATM logic, traffic lights, grading
systems
Summary

• Control statements make programs dynamic


and interactive.
• Improve logic, readability, and efficiency.
• Essential for real-world applications.
Practice Exercises

• Write a program to check if a number is even


or odd using if-else.
• Use for loop to print the first 10 natural
numbers.
• Create a calculator using switch case.
• Design a menu using do-while and break.

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