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Image Processing Fundamentals

Image processing is a technique for enhancing or analyzing digital images through algorithms and software, transforming them into a digital format for various applications. Key concepts include digital images, algorithms, and techniques such as image enhancement, noise reduction, and segmentation, with applications in fields like medical imaging, remote sensing, and autonomous vehicles. Software tools like MATLAB and OpenCV support these processes, enabling tasks like feature extraction and image restoration.

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6 views2 pages

Image Processing Fundamentals

Image processing is a technique for enhancing or analyzing digital images through algorithms and software, transforming them into a digital format for various applications. Key concepts include digital images, algorithms, and techniques such as image enhancement, noise reduction, and segmentation, with applications in fields like medical imaging, remote sensing, and autonomous vehicles. Software tools like MATLAB and OpenCV support these processes, enabling tasks like feature extraction and image restoration.

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romy sinha
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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IMAGE PROCESSING FUNDAMENTALS

Image processing is a technique used to enhance or analyze digital images


using various algorithms and software. It involves transforming images into a
digital form and then applying operations to extract useful information,
improve visual quality, or prepare them for further analysis.

Key Concepts:
 Digital Images:
Images represented as a grid of pixels, each with a color value.
 Algorithms:
Mathematical procedures that manipulate pixel data to achieve desired effects.
 Applications:
Image processing has diverse applications, including:
 Medical Imaging: Enhancing medical scans for better diagnosis.
 Remote Sensing: Analyzing satellite imagery for environmental monitoring.
 Facial Recognition: Identifying individuals in images and videos.
 Autonomous Vehicles: Enabling vehicles to "see" and navigate.
 Quality Control: Inspecting manufactured products for defects.
 Forensics: Analyzing images for evidence and identification.
 Software Tools:
MATLAB, OpenCV, and other software packages provide libraries and functions for
image processing tasks.
Common Image Processing Techniques:
 Image Enhancement: Adjusting brightness, contrast, and color balance to improve
visual quality.
 Noise Reduction: Removing unwanted artifacts or distortions from images.
 Image Segmentation: Dividing an image into meaningful regions or objects.
 Feature Extraction: Identifying and extracting specific characteristics from images.
 Image Restoration: Recovering a degraded image to its original or intended form.
 Morphological Operations: Modifying the shape and structure of objects in an image.
 Geometric Transformations: Resizing, rotating, or warping images.
 Image Registration: Aligning two or more images of the same scene.
Examples:
 Removing red-eye from a photo: This is a simple image enhancement technique.
 Identifying objects in a traffic scene for a self-driving car: This involves image
segmentation, feature extraction, and object recognition.
 Enhancing a blurry medical image to better visualize a tumor: This utilizes image
restoration and enhancement techniques.

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