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Reflection Class8

Reflection is the bouncing back of light from a smooth surface, governed by the laws that the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection and that all rays lie in the same plane. There are two types of reflection: regular (specular) which occurs on smooth surfaces and diffused which occurs on rough surfaces, affecting image clarity. Applications of reflection include mirrors, telescopes, and periscopes, with important distinctions between virtual and real images.

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30 views3 pages

Reflection Class8

Reflection is the bouncing back of light from a smooth surface, governed by the laws that the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection and that all rays lie in the same plane. There are two types of reflection: regular (specular) which occurs on smooth surfaces and diffused which occurs on rough surfaces, affecting image clarity. Applications of reflection include mirrors, telescopes, and periscopes, with important distinctions between virtual and real images.

Uploaded by

choudharypriyanka392
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Reflection

• Definition:
Reflection is the bouncing back of light when it hits a smooth surface. The light does not get
absorbed but is reflected back into the same medium.

• Laws of Reflection:

1. The Angle of Incidence (i) is equal to the Angle of Reflection (r).

▪ Angle of Incidence=Angle of Reflection

2. The incident ray, the reflected ray, and the normal to the reflecting surface all lie
in the same plane.

• Key Terms:

o Incident Ray: The incoming ray of light that strikes the surface.

o Reflected Ray: The ray that bounces off the surface.

o Normal: A line perpendicular to the surface at the point of incidence.

o Angle of Incidence (i): The angle between the incident ray and the normal.

o Angle of Reflection (r): The angle between the reflected ray and the normal.

Types of Reflection:

1. Regular Reflection (Specular Reflection):

o Occurs on smooth, polished surfaces like mirrors or calm water.

o All parallel rays of light reflect in the same direction, forming a clear image.

2. Diffused Reflection (Diffuse Reflection):

o Occurs on rough surfaces like paper or walls.

o The reflected rays scatter in many directions, leading to no clear image but allowing
us to see the surface.

Formation of Images:

• Plane Mirror Image:

o A plane mirror forms a virtual image that is upright, of the same size as the object,
and laterally inverted (left-right reversed).
o The image is formed behind the mirror at the same distance as the object is in front
of it.

• Properties of Image formed by Plane Mirrors:

o Virtual image (cannot be projected on a screen).

o Image size is equal to the object size.

o Image is laterally inverted.

o The image is upright.

o The image is located at the same distance as the object from the mirror, but on the
opposite side.

Applications of Reflection:

1. Mirrors:

o Commonly used in daily life (e.g., bathroom mirrors, rearview mirrors in cars).

2. Reflecting Telescopes:

o Use concave mirrors to gather and focus light for better observation of distant
objects.

3. Periscopes:

o A device that uses mirrors to reflect light around obstacles, allowing you to see
things that are not directly visible.

4. Shiny surfaces:

o Reflection is used to create shiny surfaces (e.g., polished floors, metal surfaces).

Important Concepts:

• Virtual vs. Real Image:

o Real Image: Formed when reflected rays actually meet at a point. Can be projected
on a screen.

o Virtual Image: Formed when reflected rays appear to meet but do not actually meet
at a point. Cannot be projected on a screen.

• Concave and Convex Mirrors:

o Concave Mirror: Converging mirror, used for focusing light (e.g., in shaving mirrors).

Convex Mirror: Diverging mirror, used for wider fields of view (e.g., side mirrors in cars).

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