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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1. General
This project serves as a multidisciplinary exercise that connects engineering,
architecture, and construction management, ensuring that each phase of the project is
carefully planned, analyzed, and executed to meet both safety and design standard
codes.
1. Surveying - The initial stage of the project involves precise surveying to
assess the site’s topography, boundaries, and existing conditions. This data is
crucial for determining the most suitable design approach, alignment, and
placement of the building within the site’s constraints. Proper surveying
ensures accurate planning for utilities, infrastructure, and structural elements.
2. Soil Investigation - Conducting thorough soil investigations is essential to
evaluate the bearing capacity and soil composition of the site. These findings
help in determining the appropriate foundation type for the structure, ensuring
its stability and safety. The results of the soil tests also influence the overall
structural design and material selection.
3. Structural Analysis - Once the site and foundation details are established,
structural analysis is performed to design a resilient framework for the
building. This is done by manual calculation using design codes to assess
load-bearing requirements, structural integrity, and material selection for
reinforced concrete components. The goal is to design a structure that can
safely bear the loads of the building and withstand environmental forces such
as wind, seismic activity.
4. Cost Estimation - A detailed cost estimate is critical for budgeting the entire
construction process. The estimation includes material costs, labour, and
unforeseen contingencies. An accurate cost estimate ensures financial
planning is aligned with project goals and prevents overruns, while also
guiding decisions regarding the choice of materials and construction methods.
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5. Water Supply and Sanitation Systems - An efficient water supply system is
necessary for meeting the building’s requirements for domestic water,
firefighting systems, and other utilities. The design must address water
pressure, storage capacity, and distribution within the building. Additionally,
the sanitary system is also designed to ensure the efficient removal of soil
waste, preventing issues such as clogging or leakage.
6. Time Management - Effective time management is crucial for the successful
completion of any construction project. A well-structured project timeline
defines critical milestones, resource allocation, and task sequencing. The
timeline ensures the project progresses without unnecessary delays,
coordinating activities across various disciplines (construction, engineering,
procurement, etc.) to achieve a timely completion within budget.
By integrating all these aspects, the project not only ensures that the building
is structurally sound, cost-effective, and functional, but it also maximizes efficiency,
minimizes risks, and adheres to the corresponding design codes. The collaborative
efforts in these areas will result in a well-designed and well-executed building, ready
to serve its intended purpose for years to come.
1.2. Objectives of the Study
The objectives of the study are as follows:
1. To assess the site’s topography, boundaries, and existing conditions.
2. To evaluate the soil bearing capacity and soil composition of the proposed site.
3. To design a resilient framework for the building.
4. To ensure that financial planning is aligned with project goals and prevents
overruns.
5. To meet the building’s requirements for domestic water, fire-fighting systems,
and sanitation.
6. To ensure the project progresses without unnecessary delays and to coordinate
activities.
1.3. Scope of the Study
The scope of the study is as follows:
1. The proposed building is a two-storey R.C residential building in Taunggyi.
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2. The horizontal angles and vertical elevations of the proposed land are
measured by using theodolite and the reduced levels of boundary and plan
points of the building are then calculated by Fixed Hair Method.
3. Soil investigation is done by complying ASTM standards.
4. Structural elements are designed by hand calculation according to MNBC
2020, ASCE 7-05 and ACI 318-14.
5. Only civil work is included in cost estimating process.
6. Water supply for the proposed building is calculated by complying Indian
Standards.
7. Time scheduling is done by using Microsoft Project Software.
1.4, Outline of the Study
This project consists of five chapters. The general, objectives and scope of the
study are introduced in the chapter one. The chapter two describes the background
theory.
Data preparation is presented in the chapter three. The chapter four includes the
calculation results, and the chapter five describes discussions, conclusion and
recommendation.
