DEVELOPMENT STUDIES EXERCISES

MODULE 1: INVESTIGATING & MEASURING

DEVELOPMENT
 MATER SPEI COLLEGE (b) Give three reasons why political aspects of development are difficult to
measure.
DEVELOPMENT STUDIES
__________________________________________________________________
Name: ____________________________ Surname: _____________________ __________________________________________________________________
Class: ____________ Date: _____/______/_____________ __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Module 1: Measuring & Investigating Development
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Class Exercise 1
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1 (a) What is development? _______________________________________________________________[3]

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3(a) What is meant by social aspect of development?
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_______________________________________________________________ [1]
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(b) Describe three economic characteristics of developing countries. _______________________________________________________________[1]

__________________________________________________________________ (b) State three reasons for the differences in the development levels of countries.

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_______________________________________________________________[3] __________________________________________________________________
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2 (a) What is meant by political development?
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4 (a) What is meant by life expectancy at birth? __________________________________________________________________

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_______________________________________________________________ [1] _____________________________________________________________ [3]

(b) Describe three ways by which developing countries can improve their life
expectancy.

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_____________________________________________________________ [3]

5 (a) What is meant by calorie intake?

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_______________________________________________________________[1] (a) (i) What is the infant mortality rate for Mozambique?

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(b) State three reasons why there is high average calorie intake in developed
countries.
(ii) Which country has the
__________________________________________________________________
Lowest infant mortality rate: _________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________ Highest infant mortality rate: ________________________________[2]

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BGCSE Development Studies Module 1: Investigating & Measuring development Compiled by Mr. G Mfanyana
 (b) Describe the relationship between infant mortality rate and the people’s
level of income.
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MATER SPEI COLLEGE
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________ DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

______________________________________________________[1] Name: ______________________ Surname: __________________________

Class: ____________ Date: __________/________/__________

(c) State three reasons why developing countries have high infant mortality
rates.
Module 1: Measuring & Investigating Development
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________ Class Exercise 2
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_______________________________________________________ [3]
(d) Suggest ways by which developing countries can reduce infant mortality
rate.
___________________________________________________________ (a)(i) Describe any two aspects of development other than social development.
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BGCSE Development Studies Module 1: Investigating & Measuring development Compiled by Mr. G Mfanyana
 (ii) Suggest ways by which the government of Botswana is promoting social (b)(i) Describe the economic characteristics of developed countries.
development.
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__________________________________________________________________ (ii) Suggest why development is slow in most Southern African countries.
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[10 marks]

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[10 marks]

BGCSE Development Studies Module 1: Investigating & Measuring development Compiled by Mr. G Mfanyana
 MATER SPEI COLLEGE (a)(i) Describe the geographical locations of the countries of the South.

DEVELOPMENT STUDIES _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________
Name: ___________________________ Surname: _______________________ _________________________________________________________________________

Class: ____________ Date: __________/______/__________ _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________
Module 1: Measuring & Investigating Development
_________________________________________________________________________
Class Exercise 3 _________________________________________________________________________

1 Study Fig. 1, which shows the division of the world into countries of the North _________________________________________________________________________
and countries of the South. _________________________________________________________________________
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(ii) Describe the economic characteristics of the countries of the North.

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Fig.1
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[10 marks]

BGCSE Development Studies Module 1: Investigating & Measuring development Compiled by Mr. G Mfanyana
(b)(i) Describe the challenges faced by the countries of the South as a result of MATER SPEI COLLEGE
globalisation.
DEVELOPMENT STUDIES
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ Name: _______________________ Surname: __________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
Class: ____________ Date: __________/_________/__________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ Module 1: Measuring & Investigating Development
_________________________________________________________________________
Class Exercise 4
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ 1. Study Fig. 1, which shows the Newly Industrialised Countries (NICs), and
_________________________________________________________________________ answer questions (a)(i) and (ii).
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_________________________________________________________________________

(ii) Suggest ways through which globalisation encourages development of all countries.

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Fig.1

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[10 marks]

BGCSE Development Studies Module 1: Investigating & Measuring development Compiled by Mr. G Mfanyana
(a)(i) Describe the location of the Newly Industrialised Countries. (b)(i) Describe the economic characteristics of Newly Industrialised Countries
(NICs)
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(ii) Explain the challenges which are faced by the Newly Industrialised Countries.
(ii) Suggest actions that Less Developed Countries (LDCs) could copy from
__________________________________________________________________ Newly Industrialised Countries (NICs) to speed up development.
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[10 marks] [10 marks]

BGCSE Development Studies Module 1: Investigating & Measuring development Compiled by Mr. G Mfanyana
 MATER SPEI COLLEGE
2(a) What is life expectancy?
DEVELOPMENT STUDIES
__________________________________________________________________
Name: __________________________ Surname: ________________________ __________________________________________________________________
Class: ____________ Date: __________/_______/__________ _______________________________________________________________ [1]

Module 1: Measuring & Investigating Development (b) Give three reasons why world life expectancy is rising.
Class Exercise 5 __________________________________________________________________
1 (a) What is infant mortality rate? __________________________________________________________________
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_______________________________________________________________[1]
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(b) Describe three reasons why developing countries have a high infant mortality __________________________________________________________________
rate.
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3 (a) What is calorie intake?
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______________________________________________________________ [1]
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_______________________________________________________________ [3]

BGCSE Development Studies Module 1: Investigating & Measuring development Compiled by Mr. G Mfanyana
(b) State three reasons for low calorie intake in developing countries.
Male literacy rate is higher in most countries than female literacy rate
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5 (a) Define adult literacy rate.
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__________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________

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__________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ [1]

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(b) Suggest three reasons for the difference between male and female literacy
_______________________________________________________________ [3] rates

4 (a) Define literacy rate. __________________________________________________________________

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_______________________________________________________________ [1]
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(b) Give three importance of literacy to development? __________________________________________________________________

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_______________________________________________________________ [3]

BGCSE Development Studies Module 1: Investigating & Measuring development Compiled by Mr. G Mfanyana
 (c) Describe three factors that influence the death rate of a country.

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(d) Suggest three measures by which developing countries attempt to reduce high
death rate.

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(a)(i) How many non-institutional deaths in total were recorded in 2007? __________________________________________________________________
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____________________________________________________________ [1]
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(ii) In which year was the number of male non-institutional deaths lower than that
of females? __________________________________________________________________
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__________________________________________________________ [1]
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(b) Suggest two reasons why male deaths are generally higher than female deaths. __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________

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_______________________________________________________________ [2] _____________________________________________________________ [3]

BGCSE Development Studies Module 1: Investigating & Measuring development Compiled by Mr. G Mfanyana
 MATER SPEI COLLEGE __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
DEVELOPMENT STUDIES
__________________________________________________________________
Name: _____________________________ Surname: ____________________ __________________________________________________________________
Class: ____________ Date: ________/_____ /__________ __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Module 1: Measuring & Investigating Development
__________________________________________________________________
Class Exercise 6 __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

(ii) Describe the ways in which the government is trying to reduce the infant
mortality rate in Botswana.

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(a)(i) Describe the causes of high infant mortality rate in developing countries. __________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________-

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[10 marks]

BGCSE Development Studies Module 1: Investigating & Measuring development Compiled by Mr. G Mfanyana
(b)(i) Development is a process of change which involves economic, social and MATER SPEI COLLEGE
political development. Describe these aspects of development.
DEVELOPMENT STUDIES
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________ Name: ____________________________ Surname: ______________________

__________________________________________________________________ Class: ____________ Date: __________/_____/__________

__________________________________________________________________
Module 1: Measuring & Investigating Development
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________ Class Exercise 7

__________________________________________________________________ 1(a) Define the term school enrolment.

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(ii) Explain why countries of the South are less developed than countries of the __________________________________________________________________
North. _______________________________________________________________ [1]
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(b) Describe three causes of low school enrolment in developing countries.
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[10 marks] _______________________________________________________________ [3]

BGCSE Development Studies Module 1: Investigating & Measuring development Compiled by Mr. G Mfanyana
2(a) Define the term doctor-patient ratio. (b) State three reasons why there is a high average calorie intake in developed
countries.
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_______________________________________________________________ [1]
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(b) Give three reasons why doctor-patient ratio is high in developing countries. __________________________________________________________________

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__________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ [3]

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4(a) Define the term literacy rate.
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__________________________________________________________________ (b) State three reasons for high literacy rate in developed countries.
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_______________________________________________________________ [3]
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3(a) What is meant by calorie intake? __________________________________________________________________
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_______________________________________________________________ [3]
_______________________________________________________________ [1]

BGCSE Development Studies Module 1: Investigating & Measuring development Compiled by Mr. G Mfanyana
5(a) Define infant mortality rate. Section B
6 Fig. 1 shows Primary School enrolment for some countries in Africa
__________________________________________________________________ (2007-2010).
__________________________________________________________________ Country Enrolment Rate (%)
Male Female Total
_______________________________________________________________ [1] Algeria 96 94 95

Botswana 86 88 87
(b) Describe three ways in which developing countries can reduce infant
mortality rate. Burkina Faso 68 60 64

__________________________________________________________________ Cameroon 97 86 92
__________________________________________________________________
Egypt 97 94 95
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Ethiopia 86 81 84
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__________________________________________________________________ Ghana 76 77 76

__________________________________________________________________ Kenya 83 84 83
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Lesotho 71 76 73
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Malawi 89 94 91
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__________________________________________________________________ Namibia 88 92 90

__________________________________________________________________ Nigeria 66 60 63
__________________________________________________________________ Rwanda 95 97 96
_____________________________________________________________[3]
Senegal 74 76 75

South Africa 89 90 90

Tanzania 96 97 97

Zambia 91 94 92
Source: www.childifo.org/education

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Fig. 1

BGCSE Development Studies Module 1: Investigating & Measuring development Compiled by Mr. G Mfanyana
(a)(i) Which country has the lowest enrolment percentage for males? (d) Suggest three ways by which governments of African countries can increase
school enrolment for girls.
______________________________________________________________ [1]
__________________________________________________________________
(ii) What is the total enrolment for Algeria?
__________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________ [1] __________________________________________________________________
(b) Describe two common causes of school dropouts in Botswana. __________________________________________________________________
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(c) State three reasons why educating women is important for the economic __________________________________________________________________
development of the country.
_______________________________________________________________ [3]
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14
_____________________________________________________________ [3]

BGCSE Development Studies Module 1: Investigating & Measuring development Compiled by Mr. G Mfanyana
 MATER SPEI COLLEGE (a)(i) Explain how each indicator shown in Fig.1 is used to measure development.

DEVELOPMENT STUDIES __________________________________________________________________

Name: _________________________ Surname: _________________________ __________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________
Class: ____________ Date: __________/________/__________
__________________________________________________________________
Module 1: Measuring & Investigating Development __________________________________________________________________
Class Exercise 8 __________________________________________________________________
1. Study Fig. 1 which shows some indicators to measure development. __________________________________________________________________
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15
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BGCSE Development Studies Module 1: Investigating & Measuring development Compiled by Mr. G Mfanyana
(ii) State the disadvantage of using GNP per capita to measure development. __________________________________________________________________
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__________________________________________________________________ (ii) Explain why political development is difficult to measure.
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[10 marks] __________________________________________________________________
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(b)(i) Explain how any three political indicators can be used to measure
__________________________________________________________________
development.
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16
__________________________________________________________________ [10 marks]

BGCSE Development Studies Module 1: Investigating & Measuring development Compiled by Mr. G Mfanyana
 MATER SPEI COLLEGE (b) Give three advantages of GNP per capita.

DEVELOPMENT STUDIES __________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________
Name: __________________________ Surname: ________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Class: ____________ Date: __________/_______/__________ __________________________________________________________________
Module 1: Measuring & Investigating Development __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Class Exercise 9
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1(a) What is development? __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ [3]
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3(a) Define Gross National Product.
_______________________________________________________________ [1]
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(b) Describe three economic characteristics of developed countries. __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ [1]
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(b) State three reasons why GNP per capita is not a good measure of
__________________________________________________________________ development.
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_______________________________________________________________ [3]
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2(a) Define Gross Domestic Product. __________________________________________________________________
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BGCSE Development Studies Module 1: Investigating & Measuring development Compiled by Mr. G Mfanyana
__________________________________________________________________ 5 (a) What is meant by energy use per capita?
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_______________________________________________________________ [1]
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__________________________________________________________________ (b) Give three reasons for high energy use in developed countries.
_____________________________________________________________ [3]
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4 (a) Define GNP per capita. __________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________ [1] __________________________________________________________________

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(b) Give three reasons why Countries of the North have a higher GNP than those __________________________________________________________________
of the South.
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__________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ [3]
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_______________________________________________________________ [3]

BGCSE Development Studies Module 1: Investigating & Measuring development Compiled by Mr. G Mfanyana
 Section B (c) Compare three economic characteristics of developed and developing
countries.
6 Fig. 1 shows GNP per head (US$) and life expectancy at birth for
selected countries. Use it answer questions a (i) and (ii). ___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________[3]

(d) Suggest three ways in which developing countries can use the
dependency theory to develop.

Fig.1 ___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
(a)(i) Name the country with the highest life expectancy.
___________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________ [1] ___________________________________________________________
(ii) What is the GNP per head for Mexico? ___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________ [1]
(b) Give two reasons for low daily food intake for developing countries. ___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [3]
___________________________________________________________

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________________________________________________________ [2]

BGCSE Development Studies Module 1: Investigating & Measuring development Compiled by Mr. G Mfanyana
 MATER SPEI COLLEGE (a)(i) Using Fig. 1 only, describe three economic characteristics of developed
countries.
DEVELOPMENT STUDIES
__________________________________________________________________
Name: _________________________ Surname: _________________________ __________________________________________________________________
Class: ____________ Date: __________/________/__________ __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Module 1: Measuring & Investigating Development
__________________________________________________________________
Class Exercise 10 __________________________________________________________________

1. Fig. 1 shows a list of countries and their indicators of development. Use it to __________________________________________________________________
answer question 1(a)
(ii) Explain why there are differences in the levels of development between
developed and developing countries.

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[10 marks]
Fig.1

BGCSE Development Studies Module 1: Investigating & Measuring development Compiled by Mr. G Mfanyana
(b)(i) Describe the weaknesses of the dependency theory. (ii) Explain how developing countries can use modernisation theory in their
development programmes.
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[10 marks]

BGCSE Development Studies Module 1: Investigating & Measuring development Compiled by Mr. G Mfanyana
 MATER SPEI COLLEGE 2 (a) Define Sustainable Development.

DEVELOPMENT STUDIES __________________________________________________________________

Name: _________________________ Surname: _________________________ __________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________ [1]
Class: ____________ Date: __________/________/__________
(b) Describe three ways of achieving sustainable development in a country.
Module 1: Measuring & Investigating Development

Class Exercise 11 ____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________
1 (a) Define the modernisation theory.
____________________________________________________
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__________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________ [1] ____________________________________________________
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(b) Describe any three stages of the modernisation theory.
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__________________________________________________________________ 3 (a) Define dependency theory.
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__________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________ [1]
_______________________________________________________________ [3]

BGCSE Development Studies Module 1: Investigating & Measuring development Compiled by Mr. G Mfanyana
(b) State three policy implications of the dependency theory. 5(a) Define populism theory.

__________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ [1]
__________________________________________________________________ (b) Describe three problems of populism theory.
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_______________________________________________________________ [3]
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6(a) What is meant by gender development?
_______________________________________________________________[3]
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4(a) Define the term globalisation. __________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________ [1]
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(b) State three ways in which gender equality can be achieved.
__________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________ [1] __________________________________________________________________
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(b) State three developments that show the growth of a global village. __________________________________________________________________
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BGCSE Development Studies Module 1: Investigating & Measuring development Compiled by Mr. G Mfanyana
 MATER SPEI COLLEGE 2 (a) What is pollution?

DEVELOPMENT STUDIES __________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________
Name: _____________________________ Surname: _____________________
_______________________________________________________________ [1]
Class: ____________ Date: _______/_______/__________ (b) Describe three ways by which air pollution can be prevented.
Module 1: Measuring & Investigating Development __________________________________________________________________
Class Exercise 12 __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
1(a) What is meant by theories of development?
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_______________________________________________________________ [1]
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(b) Describe three economic characteristics of developed countries. __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ [3]
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__________________________________________________________________ Land pollution is also an obstacle towards sustainable development.
__________________________________________________________________
3 (a) Define land pollution.
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__________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ [1]
_______________________________________________________________ [3]

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Pollution has proved to be a global problem and an obstacle against
sustainable development.

BGCSE Development Studies Module 1: Investigating & Measuring development Compiled by Mr. G Mfanyana
(b) State three causes of land pollution.
5(a) What is globalisation?
__________________________________________________________________
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_______________________________________________________________ [1]
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(b) Describe three challenges faced by developing countries as a result of
__________________________________________________________________ globalisation.
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4(a) Define dependency theory..
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(b) Describe three ways by which land pollution can be controlled.
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BGCSE Development Studies Module 1: Investigating & Measuring development Compiled by Mr. G Mfanyana
 MATER SPEI COLLEGE __________________________________________________________________

DEVELOPMENT STUDIES __________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________
Name: ___________________________ Surname: _______________________
__________________________________________________________________
Class: ____________ Date: __________/______/__________ __________________________________________________________________
Module 1: Measuring & Investigating Development __________________________________________________________________

Class Exercise 13 __________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
1. Study Fig. 1, which shows some theories of development. __________________________________________________________________
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(ii) Describe the benefits to the people of a country where modernisation has
taken place.

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(a)(i) Describe the stages of the Modernisation theory. __________________________________________________________________
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BGCSE Development Studies Module 1: Investigating & Measuring development Compiled by Mr. G Mfanyana
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(ii) Explain how social indicators are used to measure development.
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[10 marks]
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(b)(i) Describe the factors that slow down development in the developing __________________________________________________________________
countries.
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[10 marks]
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BGCSE Development Studies Module 1: Investigating & Measuring development Compiled by Mr. G Mfanyana