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Plane and Solid Geometry Formulas

The document provides formulas for calculating the area, surface area, and volume of various 2D and 3D geometric figures, including triangles, rectangles, circles, prisms, cylinders, and spheres. It includes specific formulas for shapes such as trapezoids, parallelograms, pyramids, and cones, as well as special topics like spherical caps and segments. Additionally, a quick summary table consolidates the surface area and volume formulas for easy reference.

Uploaded by

Lloyd Gabriel Poligrates
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34 views5 pages

Plane and Solid Geometry Formulas

The document provides formulas for calculating the area, surface area, and volume of various 2D and 3D geometric figures, including triangles, rectangles, circles, prisms, cylinders, and spheres. It includes specific formulas for shapes such as trapezoids, parallelograms, pyramids, and cones, as well as special topics like spherical caps and segments. Additionally, a quick summary table consolidates the surface area and volume formulas for easy reference.

Uploaded by

Lloyd Gabriel Poligrates
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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🔷 I.

PLANE FIGURES (2D Geometry)


1. Triangle

 Area:
A=12bhA = \frac{1}{2}bh
Heron’s formula:

s=a+b+c2,A=s(s−a)(s−b)(s−c)s = \frac{a + b + c}{2}, \quad A = \


sqrt{s(s - a)(s - b)(s - c)}

2. Rectangle / Square

 Area:
o A=lwA = lw for rectangle
o A=s2A = s^2 for square
 Perimeter:
o P=2(l+w)P = 2(l + w), or 4s4s

3. Trapezoid

 Area:

A=12(b1+b2)hA = \frac{1}{2}(b_1 + b_2)h

4. Parallelogram

 Area:

A=bhA = bh

5. Circle

 Area:

A=πr2A = \pi r^2

 Circumference:

C=2πrC = 2\pi r
🔷 II. SURFACE AREAS OF SOLIDS
1. Prism (Rectangular, Triangular, etc.)

 Lateral Area (LA):

LA=P⋅h(P = perimeter of base)LA = P \cdot h \quad \text{(P =


perimeter of base)}

 Total Surface Area (TSA):

SA=LA+2BSA = LA + 2B

2. Cylinder

 LA:

LA=2πrhLA = 2\pi rh

 SA:

SA=2πrh+2πr2SA = 2\pi rh + 2\pi r^2

3. Pyramid

 LA:

LA=12P⋅l(l=slant height)LA = \frac{1}{2} P \cdot l \quad (l = slant\


height)

 SA:

SA=LA+BSA = LA + B

4. Cone

 LA:

LA=πrlLA = \pi rl

 SA:
SA=πrl+πr2SA = \pi rl + \pi r^2

5. Sphere

 SA:

SA=4πr2SA = 4\pi r^2

6. Frustum of Cone / Pyramid

 LA:

LA=π(R+r)lLA = \pi(R + r)l

 SA:

SA=LA+πR2+πr2SA = LA + \pi R^2 + \pi r^2

🔷 III. VOLUMES OF SOLIDS


1. Rectangular Prism / Box
V=lwhV = lwh

2. Cube
V=s3V = s^3

3. Cylinder
V=πr2hV = \pi r^2 h

4. Pyramid
V=13Bh=13b2h(for square base)V = \frac{1}{3}Bh = \frac{1}{3}b^2 h \
quad (\text{for square base})

5. Cone
V=13πr2hV = \frac{1}{3}\pi r^2 h

6. Sphere
V=43πr3V = \frac{4}{3}\pi r^3
7. Frustum of Cone
V=13πh(R2+r2+Rr)V = \frac{1}{3}\pi h (R^2 + r^2 + Rr)

🔷 IV. SPECIAL TOPICS


1. Spherical Cap
V=13πh2(3R−h)V = \frac{1}{3}\pi h^2(3R - h)

2. Spherical Segment

 Volume (two bases):

V=πh6(3a2+3b2+h2)V = \frac{\pi h}{6}(3a^2 + 3b^2 + h^2)

3. Tetrahedron (Regular)
V=a362V = \frac{a^3}{6\sqrt{2}}

4. Hemisphere

 Volume:

V=23πr3V = \frac{2}{3}\pi r^3

 Surface Area:

SA=3πr2SA = 3\pi r^2

🔷 Quick Formula Summary Table


Shape Surface Area Volume

Cube 6s26s^2 s3s^3

Rect. Prism 2(lw+lh+wh)2(lw + lh + wh) lwhlwh

Cylinder 2πrh+2πr22\pi rh + 2\pi r^2 πr2h\pi r^2 h

Cone πrl+πr2\pi rl + \pi r^2 13πr2h\frac{1}{3}\pi r^2 h

Sphere 4πr24\pi r^2 43πr3\frac{4}{3}\pi r^3


Shape Surface Area Volume

Pyramid 12Pl+B\frac{1}{2}Pl + B 13Bh\frac{1}{3}Bh

Frustum π(R+r)l+πR2+πr2\pi(R + r)l + \ 13πh(R2+r2+Rr)\frac{1}{3}\pi


(Cone) pi R^2 + \pi r^2 h(R^2 + r^2 + Rr)

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