Solutions

MCQ Questions

1. [C]
Option (A) First order and second degree.

Option (B) Second order and first degree.

Option (C) First order and first degree.

𝑑𝑦
i.e., 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑑𝑥 = 0 or + 1 = 0.
𝑑𝑥

2. [B]
It is obvious.

3. [A]
Given differential equation can be written as

𝑑𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 2
𝑦 2 + 𝑥 2 ( ) − 2𝑥𝑦 ⋅ = 𝑎2 ( ) + 𝑏 2 .
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

Hence it is of 1st order and 2nd degree differential equation.

4. [C]
Given that,

𝑥𝑑𝑦 − 𝑦𝑑𝑥 = 0
⇒ xdy = ydx
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥
⇒ =
𝑦 𝑥

On integrating both sides, we get

log y = log x + log C

⇒ log y = log Cx
⇒ y = Cx

which is a straight line passing through the origin.

5. [A]
 Order is 2 and degree is 2.

6. [B]
Given that,

𝑑𝑦
+ 𝑦tan 𝑥 − sec 𝑥 = 0
𝑑𝑥
Here, 𝑃 = tan 𝑥, 𝑄 = sec 𝑥

IF = e∫ 𝑃𝑑𝑥 = e∫ tan 𝑥𝑑𝑥

= e(log sec 𝑥)
= sec x

7. [C]
Here power on the differential coefficient is fractional, therefore change it into positive integer, so
2/3 2 3
𝑑𝑦 2 𝑑2𝑦 𝑑𝑦 2 𝑑2 𝑦
[4 + ( ) ] = ⇒ [4 + ( ) ] = [ ]
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 2

Hence order is 2 and degree is 3.

8. [D]
We know that the number of constants in the general solution of a differential equation of order n is
equal to its order.

Therefore, the number of constants in the general equation of fourth-order differential equation is
four.

9. [B]
𝑦 2 = ±4𝑎(𝑥 − ℎ)
⇒ 2𝑦𝑦1 = ±4𝑎 ⇒ 𝑦𝑦1 = ±2𝑎 ⇒ 𝑦12 + 𝑦𝑦2 = 0

Hence degree = 1, order = 2.

10. [C]
𝑑𝑦
Let 𝑦 = 4sin 3𝑥 ⇒ = 12cos 3𝑥
𝑑𝑥

𝑑2𝑦
⇒ = −36sin 3𝑥 = −9 × 4sin 3𝑥 = −9𝑦
𝑑𝑥 2
𝑑2𝑦
⇒ + 9𝑦 = 0.
𝑑𝑥 2
11. [C]
The equation of all the lines in 𝑥𝑦-plane is given by 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐
𝑑2𝑦
Differentiate it twice w.r.t. 𝑥, we get = 0.
𝑑𝑥 2

12. [C]
The given equation of curve is y = x

Differentiating with respect to x, we get:

dy
=1
dx
Again, differentiating with respect to x, we get

𝑑2 𝑦
=0
𝑑𝑥 2
𝑑2𝑦 𝑑𝑦
Now, on substituting the values of 𝑦, 2 , and from equation (i) and (ii) in each of the given
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
alternatives, we find that only the differential equation given in alternative C is correct.

𝑑2𝑦 2
𝑑𝑦
− 𝑥 + 𝑥𝑦 = 0 − 𝑥2 ⋅ 1 + 𝑥 ⋅ 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
= −𝑥 2 + 𝑥 2
=0
13. [B]
𝑥 1 1
𝑦= ⇒ =1+
𝑥+1 𝑦 𝑥
1 𝑑𝑦 1 𝑑𝑦
− 2 = 0 − 2 ⇒ 𝑥2 = 𝑦 2.
𝑦 𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑑𝑥

14. [D]
Since the equation of line passing through (1, −1) is 𝑦 + 1 = 𝑚(𝑥 − 1)
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
⇒ 𝑦+1= (𝑥 − 1) ⇒ 𝑦 = (𝑥 − 1) − 1.
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

15. [C]
Given 𝑦 = 𝐴 + 𝐵𝑥 + 𝐶𝑒 −𝑥

𝑑𝑦
⇒ = 𝐵 − 𝐶𝑒 −𝑥
𝑑𝑥
 𝑑2𝑦
⇒ = 𝐶𝑒 −𝑥
𝑑𝑥 2
𝑑3 𝑦
(iii) and = −𝐶𝑒 −𝑥
𝑑𝑥 3

Adding (iii) and (iv) we get,

𝑑3 𝑦 𝑑2𝑦
3
+ = 0 i.e., 𝑦 ′′′ + 𝑦 ′′ = 0.
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 2

16. [C]
The equation of all straight lines passing through the origin is 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥

where 𝑚 is arbitrary constant

Differentiate (i) w.r.t. 𝑥, we get

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑦
=𝑚⇒ = ,
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑥

(By (i)).

17. [A]
𝑑𝑦
= 𝑒 𝑥−𝑦 + 𝑥 2 𝑒 −𝑦 = 𝑒 −𝑦 (𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑥 2 )
𝑑𝑥

⇒ 𝑒 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = (𝑥 2 + 𝑒 𝑥 )𝑑𝑥
𝑥3
Now integrating both sides, we get 𝑒 𝑦 = + 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑐.
3

18. [A]
It can be written in the form of

sec 2 𝑦 𝑒𝑥
𝑑𝑦 = −3 𝑑𝑥
tan 𝑦 1 − 𝑒𝑥
sec 2 𝑦 𝑒𝑥
∫ 𝑑𝑦 = −3 ∫ 𝑑𝑥
tan 𝑦 1 − 𝑒𝑥
⇒ log (tan 𝑦) = 3log (1 − 𝑒 𝑥 ) + log 𝑐 ⇒ tan 𝑦 = 𝑐 (1 − 𝑒 𝑥 )3 .

19. [B]
𝑑𝑦 2 2
= ⇒ 𝑑𝑦 = 𝑑𝑥, Now integrate it.
𝑑𝑥 𝑥2 𝑥2

20. [B]
 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥
𝑥sec 𝑦 = 1 ⇒ sec 𝑦𝑑𝑦 =
𝑑𝑥 𝑥
On integrating both sides, we get

log (sec 𝑦 + tan 𝑦) = log 𝑥 + log 𝑐 ⇒ sec 𝑦 + tan 𝑦 = 𝑐𝑥.

21. [C]
(𝑒 𝑦 + 1) cos 𝑥𝑑𝑥 + 𝑒 𝑦 sin 𝑥𝑑𝑦 = 0

𝑒 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 cos 𝑥
⇒ 𝑦 + 𝑑𝑥 = 0
𝑒 + 1 sin 𝑥
On integrating both the functions, we get

log (𝑒 𝑦 + 1) + log (sin 𝑥) = log 𝑐 ⇒ (𝑒 𝑦 + 1)sin 𝑥 = 𝑐.

22. [D]
𝑑𝑦
cos 𝑥cos 𝑦 = −sin 𝑥sin 𝑦
𝑑𝑥
cos 𝑦 sin 𝑥
⇒ 𝑑𝑦 = − 𝑑𝑥 ⇒ cot 𝑦𝑑𝑦 = −tan 𝑥𝑑𝑥
sin 𝑦 cos 𝑥

On integrating, we get

log sin 𝑦 = log cos 𝑥 + log 𝑐 ⇒ sin 𝑦 = 𝑐cos 𝑥.

23. [B]
𝑑𝑦 𝑥+𝑦
Given equation, =
𝑑𝑥 𝑥−𝑦

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑣
It is a homogeneous equation so putting 𝑦 = 𝑣𝑥 and = 𝑣+𝑥 , we get
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑣 𝑥 + 𝑣𝑥 1 + 𝑣
𝑣+𝑥 = =
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 − 𝑣𝑥 1 − 𝑣
𝑑𝑣 1 + 𝑣 2
⇒𝑥 =
𝑑𝑥 1−𝑣
1 1 𝑣
⇒ 𝑑𝑥 = ( 2
− ) 𝑑𝑣
𝑥 1+𝑣 1 + 𝑣2
1
⇒ log𝑒 𝑥 = tan−1 𝑣 − log (1 + 𝑣 2 ) + log𝑒 𝑐
2
𝑦
Substituting 𝑣 = , we get
𝑥
 𝑦 1 𝑦 2
log𝑒 𝑥 = tan −1 − log [1 + ( ) ] + log𝑒 𝑐
𝑥 2 𝑥
−1
⇒ 𝑐(𝑥 + 𝑦 ) = 𝑒 tan (𝑦/𝑥) .
2 2 1/2

24. [C]
(𝑥 + 𝑦)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦 = 0 ⇒ 𝑥𝑑𝑦 = −(𝑥 + 𝑦)𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑥+𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑣
⇒ =− It is homogenous equation, hence put 𝑦 = 𝑣𝑥 and =𝑣+𝑥 ,
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑣 𝑥+𝑣𝑥 1+𝑣
we get 𝑣 + 𝑥 =− =−
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 1

𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑥
⇒𝑥 = −1 − 2𝑣 ⇒ ∫ = −∫
𝑑𝑥 1 + 2𝑣 𝑥
1 𝑦 𝑐
⇒ log (1 + 2𝑣) = −log 𝑥 + log 𝑐 ⇒ log (1 + 2 ) = 2log
2 𝑥 𝑥
𝑥+2𝑦 𝑐 2
⇒ = ( ) ⇒ 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑦 = 𝑐.
𝑥 𝑥

25. [B]
𝑑𝑦 𝑥 𝑑𝑦
Given 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 2𝑦 ⇒ + =2
𝑑𝑥 𝑦 𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑣
Put 𝑦 = 𝑣𝑥 and = 𝑣+𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

1 𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑣 2𝑣 − 1
∴ +𝑣+𝑥 = 2⇒𝑣+𝑥⋅ =
𝑣 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑣
𝑣 𝑑𝑥 𝑣 − 1 + 1 𝑑𝑥
⇒ 𝑑𝑣 = − ⇒ 𝑑𝑣 = −
(𝑣 − 1)2 𝑥 (𝑣 − 1)2 𝑥

1 1 𝑑𝑥
[ + 2
] 𝑑𝑣 = −
(𝑣 − 1) (𝑣 − 1) 𝑥

Integrating both sides,

𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑥
∫ +∫ 2
= −∫
𝑣−1 (𝑣 − 1) 𝑥
1 𝑥
⇒ log (𝑣 − 1) − = −log 𝑥 + 𝑐 ⇒ log (𝑦 − 𝑥) = + 𝑐.
𝑣−1 𝑦−𝑥

26. [A]
𝑑𝑦 𝑥 𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑦
= . Put 𝑦 = 𝑣𝑥 ⇒ 𝑣 + 𝑥 =
𝑑𝑥 2𝑦−𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
 𝑑𝑣 𝑥 1
𝑣+𝑥 = =
𝑑𝑥 2𝑣 − 𝑥 2𝑣 − 1
𝑑𝑣 1 1 − 2𝑣 2 + 𝑣 (𝑣 − 1)(2𝑣 + 1)
𝑥 = −𝑣 = =−
𝑑𝑥 2𝑣 − 1 2𝑣 − 1 2𝑣 − 1
(2𝑣 − 1) −𝑑𝑥 1 4 −𝑑𝑥
= ; + =
(2𝑣 + 1)(𝑣 − 1) 𝑥 3(𝑣 − 1) 3(2𝑣 + 1) 𝑥

1 4 1 1
log (𝑣 − 1) + ⋅ log (2𝑣 + 1) = log + log 𝑐
3 3 2 𝑥
𝑐
log (𝑣 − 1)1/3 + log (2𝑣 + 1)2/3 = log
𝑥
𝑐
= (𝑣 − 1)1/3 (2𝑣 + 1)2/3 =
𝑥
𝑦−𝑥 2𝑦+𝑥 2 𝑐3
( )( ) = ⇒ (𝑥 − 𝑦)(𝑥 + 2𝑦)2 = 𝑐.
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥3

27. [A]
𝑑𝑦 𝑦 𝑦
Given = (log + 1).
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑥

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑣
Put 𝑦 = 𝑣𝑥 ⇒ =𝑣+𝑥⋅
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑣
Differential Equations ∴ 𝑣 + 𝑥 ⋅ = 𝑣(log 𝑣 + 1)
𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑥
𝑣+𝑥 = 𝑣log 𝑣 + 𝑣 ⇒ 𝑥 = 𝑣log 𝑣 ⇒ =
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑣log 𝑣 𝑥
𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑥
Integrating both sides, ∫ =∫
𝑣log 𝑣 𝑥

log log 𝑣 = log 𝑥 + log 𝑐 ⇒ log 𝑣 = 𝑥𝑐 ⇒ log (𝑦/𝑥) = 𝑥𝑐.

28. [C]
The given differential equation is :

𝑑𝑦
𝑥 − 𝑦 = 2𝑥 2
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑦
⇒ − = 2𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑥
This is a linear differential equation of the form :
 𝑑𝑦
+ 𝑝𝑦 = 0
𝑑𝑥
1
( where 𝑝 = − and 𝑄 = 2𝑥 )
𝑥

The integrating factor (IF) is given by the relation,

IF = ∫ 𝑝𝑑𝑥
1
∴ IF = e∫ −𝑥𝑑𝑥
= e−log 𝑥
−1
= elog (x )
= x −1
1
=
x
29. [A]
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑣
Put 𝑦 = 𝑣𝑥 ⇒ =𝑣+𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑣 𝑣 − 1 𝑑𝑣 𝑣 − 1
∴𝑣+𝑥 = ⇒𝑥 = −𝑣
𝑑𝑥 𝑣 + 1 𝑑𝑥 𝑣 + 1
𝑑𝑣 𝑣2 + 1 𝑑𝑥 𝑣+1
⇒𝑥 =− ⇒∫ = −∫ 2 𝑑𝑣
𝑑𝑥 𝑣+1 𝑥 𝑣 +1
1 2𝑣 1
⇒ −log𝑒 𝑥 = ∫ 2 𝑑𝑣 + ∫ 2 𝑑𝑣
2 𝑣 +1 𝑣 +1
1
⇒ −log𝑒 𝑥 = log (𝑣 2 + 1) + tan−1 𝑣 + 𝑐
2
𝑥 2 + 𝑦2 𝑦
−1 ( ) + 𝑐
⇒ −2log𝑒 𝑥 = log ( ) + 2tan
𝑥2 𝑥
𝑦
⇒ log𝑒 (𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 ) + 2tan−1 + 𝑐 = 0.
𝑥

30. [A]
𝑑𝑦 𝑥−𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑣
Given = . Put 𝑦 = 𝑣𝑥 ⇒ =𝑣+𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑥+𝑦 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑣 𝑥−𝑣𝑥 𝑑𝑣 1−𝑣 1+𝑣 𝑑𝑥

∴𝑣+𝑥 = ⇒𝑣+𝑥 = ⇒ 𝑑𝑣 =
𝑑𝑥 𝑥+𝑣𝑥 𝑑𝑥 1+𝑣 2−(1+𝑣)2 𝑥

1+𝑣 𝑑𝑥
Integrating both sides, ∫ 𝑑𝑣 = ∫
2−(1+𝑣)2 𝑥
 Put (1 + 𝑣)2 = 𝑡 ⇒ 2(1 + 𝑣)𝑑𝑣 = 𝑑𝑡

1 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑥 1
⇒ ∫ =∫ ⇒ − log (2 − 𝑡) = log 𝑥𝑐
2 2−𝑡 𝑥 2
1
⇒ − log [2 − (1 + 𝑣)2 ] = log 𝑥𝑐
2
1
⇒ − log [−𝑣 2 − 2𝑣 + 1] = log 𝑥𝑐
2
1
⇒ log = log 𝑥𝑐
√1 − 2𝑣 − 𝑣 2

⇒ 𝑥 2 𝑐 2 (1 − 2𝑣 − 𝑣 2 ) = 1 ⇒ 𝑦 2 + 2𝑥𝑦 − 𝑥 2 = 𝑐1 .

31. [D]
Given 𝑦𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥𝑑𝑦 = 𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑥

𝑦𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥𝑑𝑦 𝑥
⇒ = 𝑑𝑥 ⇒ 𝑑 [ln ( )] = 𝑑𝑥
𝑥𝑦 𝑦
𝑥
Integrating both sides, we get ln + ln 𝑐 = 𝑥
𝑦

⇒ 𝑦𝑒 𝑥 = 𝑐𝑥

32. [B]
A differential equation in which the dependent variable and its differential coefficient occur only in
the first degree and are not multiplied together is called a linear differential equation.
𝑑𝑦
Hence 𝑦 + 4𝑥 = 0 is non-linear differential equation.
𝑑𝑥

33. [C]
𝑑𝑦 𝑦
+ = log 𝑥 is a linear differential equation.
𝑑𝑥 𝑥

34. [B]
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 3𝑦
𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 𝑥 ⇒ + =1
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑥
𝑑𝑦
It is in the form of + 𝑃𝑦 = 𝑄
𝑑𝑥

1
So, I.F. = 𝑒 ∫ 𝑃𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 3∫ 𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 3log 𝑥 = 𝑥 3

Hence required solution is

 𝑥4 𝑥4
𝑦𝑥 3 = ∫ 𝑥 3 1𝑑𝑥 = + 𝑐 ⇒ 𝑦𝑥 3 = + 𝑐.
4 4

35. [A]
𝑑𝑦
It is linear equation of the form + 𝑃𝑦 = 𝑄
𝑑𝑥
So, I.F. = 𝑒 ∫ 1𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑥

Hence solution is 𝑦 ⋅ 𝑒 𝑥 = ∫ cos 𝑥 ⋅ 𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐

1
⇒ 𝑦 = (cos 𝑥 + sin 𝑥) + 𝑐𝑒 −𝑥.
2

36. [D]
𝑑𝑦
+ 𝑦cot 𝑥 = 2cos 𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
It is linear equation of the form + 𝑃𝑦 = 𝑄
𝑑𝑥

So, I.F. = 𝑒 ∫ 𝑃𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 ∫ cot 𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 log sin 𝑥 = sin 𝑥

Hence the solution is 𝑦sin 𝑥 = ∫ 2sin 𝑥cos 𝑥𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐

1
⇒ 𝑦sin 𝑥 = − cos 2𝑥 + 𝑐 ⇒ 2𝑦sin 𝑥 + cos 2𝑥 = 𝑐.
2

CASE BASED MCQ'S

Passage -1 [ 37 to 41]
37. [B]

38. [A]

39. [B]

𝑑𝑦
= 𝑘(50 − 𝑦)
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
∫ = ∫ 𝐾𝑑𝑥
50 − 𝑦
−log |50 − 𝑦| = 𝐾𝑥 + 𝐶

40. [B]
Given, y(0) = 0 and k = 0.049
 We have, −log |50 − y| = Kx + C

log |50 − y| = −Kx − C

\log |50-0|=0-\mathrm{C}

[∵ x = 0, K = 0.049, y(0) = 0]

log 50 = −C

1
C = log
50
41. [C]
We have

−log |50 − y| = Kx + C
1
−log |50 − y| = Kx + log
50
50 − y
log = −Kx
50
50 − y
= e−Kx
50
50 − y = 50e−Kx
y = 50 − 50e−Kx
y = 50(1 − e−Kx)

Passage -2 [42 to 46]

42. [C]
1 1 1
∫ dx = ∫ dx
Kx K x
1
= log |x| + 𝐶
K
43. [B]
Given that N is the number of bacteria.

dN
∝N
dt
dN
⇒ = KN
dt
44. [A]
 𝑑𝑁
∫ = 𝐾 ∫ 𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑡

log |N| = Kt + C

45. [C]
Given when 𝑡 = 0, 𝑁 = 𝑁0 .

From (i), log |N0 | = C

∴ (i) ⇒ log |N| = Kt + log |N0 |

N
⇒ log | | = Kt
N0

Given when 𝑡 = 5, 𝑁 = 3𝑁0 ,

From (ii), log |3| = 5 K

1
⇒ K= log 3
5
∴ The particular solution is

N t
log | | = log 3
N0 5

When 𝑡 = 10,

N
log | | = 2log 3 = log 9
N0
N
=9
N0
⇒ N = 9 N0

46. [B]
Given

N = 10 N0 ,
N t
log | | = log 3
N0 5
t
10 = log 3
5
5log 10
t=
log 3

(iii) \Rightarrow \log 10=\frac{\mathrm{t}}{5} \log 3

 Passage -3 [47 to 51]
47. [D]
Since, maximum number of students in hostel is 1000.

∴ Maximum value of n(t) is 1000.

48. [A]
Clearly, according to given information,
dn
= 𝜆n(1000 − n), where 𝜆 is constant of proportionality.
dt

49. [B]
Since, 50 students are infected after 4 days. ∴ n(4) = 50.

50. [C]
dn
We have, = 𝜆n(100 − n)
dt

dn
⇒∫ = 𝜆∫ dt
n(1000 − n)

1 1 1
⇒ ∫( + ) dn = 𝜆∫ dt
1000 1000 − n n
1 log (1000 − n)
⇒ [ + log n] = 𝜆t + C
1000 −1
1 n
⇒ log ( ) = 𝜆t + C
1000 1000 − n
51. [A]
When, t = 0, n = 1

This condition is satisfied by option (A) only

Passage -4 [52 to 56]

52. [C]
Since, size of population is 5000.

∴ Maximum value of y(t) is 𝟓𝟎𝟎𝟎.

53. [D]
Clearly, according to given information,
 𝑑𝑦
= 𝑘𝑦(5000 − 𝑦), where 𝑘 is the constant of proportionality.
𝑑𝑡

54. [A]
Since, rumour is initiated with 100 people.

∴ When t = 0, then y = 100

Thus y(0) = 100

55. [B]
Since, rumour is spread in 500 people, after 2 days.

∴ When t = 2, then y = 500.

Thus, y(2) = 500 56. [C]

We know that, when 𝑡 = 0, then 𝑦 = 100

This condition is satisfied by option (C) only.

Passage -5 [57 to 61]

57. [B]
The given differential equation can be written
𝑑𝑦 cos 𝑥 −𝑥
as + 𝑦=
𝑑𝑥 1+sin 𝑥 1+sin 𝑥

𝑑𝑦
Compare it with + 𝑃𝑦 = 𝑄, we get
𝑑𝑥

cos 𝑥 −𝑥
𝑃= and 𝑄 =
1+sin 𝑥 1+sin 𝑥

58. [C]
cos 𝑥
I.F. = e∫ 𝑃𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 ∫ 1+sin 𝑥𝑑𝑥

Put 1 + sin 𝑥 = 𝑡 ⇒ cos 𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑑𝑡

1
∴ I.F. = e∫ t dt = elog t = t = 1 + sin x

59. [D]
Solution of given differential equation is given by y. (I.F.) = ∫ Q (I.F.) dx + c
 −𝑥
⇒ 𝑦(1 + sin 𝑥) = ∫ ⋅ (1 + sin 𝑥)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐
1 + sin 𝑥
−x 2
⇒ y(1 + sin x) = +c
2
60. [A]
We have, 𝑦(0) = 1 i.e., 𝑥 = 0, 𝑦 = 1

∴ 1(1 + sin 0) = c ⇒ c = 1

−x 2 2 − x2
∴ y(1 + sin x) = +1 =
2 2
2 − 𝑥2
∴𝑦=
2(1 + sin 𝑥)

61. [B]
2−𝑥 2
We have, 𝑦 =
2(1+sin 𝑥)

𝜋 2 𝜋2
𝜋 2−( ) 2 − 2
∴ 𝑦( ) = 2 = 4 =8−𝜋
2 𝜋 4 16
2 (1 + sin )
2

ASSERTION & REASON

62. [A]
Assertion (A) and Reason (R) both are correct, Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion
(A).
63. [A]

Assertion (A) and Reason (R) both are correct, Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion
(A).

64. [D]
Assertion (A) is wrong. The correct solution is given in Reason (R).

65. [D]
Assertion (A) is wrong. The correct solution is given in Reason (R).

66. [B]
Squaring both sides of the given differential equation,
 2
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
(√ 2 ) = (√ + 5)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
⇒ = +5
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
The highest order is 2 and its power 1.

∴ Order is 2, degree is 1

Hence, Assertion (A) is true.

The equation given in reason (𝑅) is,

3
1
( ) + 2 √𝑦 = 𝑥
𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑥

dy 3
1 + 2√y ( )
dx
⇒ =x
dy 3
( )
dx
dy 3 dy 3
⇒ 1 + 2√y ( ) = x ( )
dx dx

Highest order is 1 and its power is 3

∴ Order is 1 and degree is 3.

Hence, reason (𝑅) is also true.

67. [B]
Assertion (A) and Reason (R) both are correct, Reason (R) is correct explanation of Assertion(A).