SCIENCE STD VI SEM I 1

CHAPTER 1 : THE WONDERFUL WORLD OF SCIENCE

Q. 1) Define and explain the terms
1) Science : Science is a way of thinking, observing and doing things to understand the world we live in and to
uncover the secrets of universe.
2) Scientific method : It is a method of finding solutions to the problems with step by step process.
3) Scientist : They are people who follows scientific method to solve problems or to discover new things.

Q. 2) Very short answer

1) What makes Earth unique?
Ans. Earth is unique as it is only known planet supporting life, showcasing diverse ecosystem and species that grows
across different regions.
2) Why is curiosity emphasized as important in science?
Ans. Curiosity is important because it helps exploration, questioning and understanding of the natural world essential
for scientific enquiry.
3) Give examples that illustrate the scope of science.
Ans. Scope of science 1) Exploration 2) Studying nature 3) Cooking 4) Weather
4) What do you think is the role of water?
Ans. Water is highlighted as essential for life and described through its various forms and uses from rains, freezing,
boiling and hydration.
5) Concept map of science.
Ans.

Q. 3) Short answer question

1) What is purpose of science?
Ans. The purpose of science is to understand the world we live in by observing, asking questions and conducting
experiments to discover the secrets of the universe.
2) How do everyday activities connect to scientific thinking?
Ans. Everyday activities involve problem solving and decision making process that show scientific methods. Where
it is fixing a broken item or cooking . We form hypotheses and test them to find solutions.
3)Differentiate between observing and inference in the concept of scientific inquiry.
Ans.
Observation Inference
1)It is a gathering of information through the 1)It is the conclusion based on the observation .
surrounding.

Q.4)Long answer question

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1) Explain the importance of scientific method in daily life.

Ans. The scientific method helps us in solving problems systematically .Eg: When a bicycle tyre is flat, we observe
the problem hypothesis the cause (puncture), test it, checking for air leak and concludes the solution patching the leak
2) Explain the concept of ‘Science is everywhere with suitable example in daily life.’
Ans. The concept of science is everywhere means that scientific principles and process are at work in every part of
daily live, even if we do not notice them.
a) Cooking : Boiling water, baking bread or frying an egg all involves transfer, chemical reaction and change in state
of matter.
b) Breathing: Oxygen is taken into our lungs, where it is absorbed by our blood used by cells to produce energy
which is a biological process.
c) Using smart phones: The technology in our smart phone like touch screen depends on physical chemistry and
computer science.
d) Transportation : Driving a car, riding a bicycle or walking involves science.
3) How do plants and animals grow?
Ans. Plants grow from absorbing sunlight, water and nutrients. Using photosynthesis they produce food which give
energy. Growth occurs to cell division in meristems (root and shoot tips) and hormonal regulation leading to increase
in size.
Animals grow from consuming food for energy and nutrients. Growth happen through cell division and is
regulated by hormones with cell differentiation to form various tissues and organs.

Q.5)Fill in the blanks

1) Curiosity is the driving behind scientific enquiry
2) The Core activities involved in the scientific process are observation and questioning.
3) At 100oc water boils

Q.6)co relation
1) Seed : Plant :: Catterpillar ::Butterfly
2) Egg : Bird :: Baby : Adult
3) Movement : Plant :: Locomotion: Animals
4) Scientific enquiry : Curiosity :: Scientific process : Exploration

Q.7)Match the pairs

1) Curiosity : Desire to learn and understand
2) Metamorphosis : Caterpillar to butterfly
3) Scientific method : Step by step scientific process
4) Water : Essential for life
5) Experiment : Observation, Experiment and conclusion

CHAPTER 2 : DIVERSITY IN THE LIVING WORLD

Q. 1) Define and explain the terms
1) Biodiversity : The variety of plants and animals found in a particular region called biodiversity
2) Trees : Plants with woody stem
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3) Shrubs : Plants where stem is not as thick as of trees

4) Herbs : They are very small with soft and green stem.
5) Limbers : Plants with weak stem need support to climb and grow.
6) Creep : Plants with weak step and creep along the ground.
7) Reticulate venation : Net like arrangement of veins on the leaf.
8) Parallel venation : The parallel arrangement of veins on the leaf.
9) Veins : The thin lines on the leaf
10) Venation : The pattern of veins on the leaf is called venation.
11) Taproot : The root system with a main root and small root arising from it.
12) Fibrous roots : A bunch of similar sized thin roots arising from the base of the stem is called Fibrous roots.
13) Cotyledon : The splitting of seeds in two parts, each part is called cotyledon.
14) Dicotyledon : plants that have seeds with two cotyledons are called dicotyledons.
15) Monocotyledons (Monocots) : Plants with single thin cotyledon.
16) Adaptation : A special features that unable plant and animal to survive in a particular system.
17) Habitat : The place where plant and animal live.
18) Terrestrial : The plants and animals that live on land
19) Aquatic : The plants and animals that live in water
20) Amphibians : The animals that live in water as well as land.

Let us enhance your learning

1) Here are two types of seeds. What difference do you find among the roots and leaf venation of their plants?
Ans. Difference between Wheat and Kidney beans
Features Wheat (Monocotyledons) Kidney (dicotyledons)
1) Root system Fibrous root Taproot
2)Root Dense network thin roots Central thick taproot with lateral red roots
characteristic
3) Leaf Venation Parallel Network of branching veins with parallel
network
4) Leaf Venation Veins run parallel along the length of the leaf Network of branching veins with midrib
characteristic

3) Manu’s mother maintains a kitchen garden. One day, she was digging out radish from the soil. She told
Manu that radish is a kind of root. Examine a radish and write what type of root it is. What type of venation
would you observe in the leaves of radish plant?
Ans. Radish is a root known as taproot. They are thick that grow deep in soil other than with cotical shape.
Radish leaves exhibit reticulate venation. This means the veins in the leaf are arranged in a network-like
pattern, with smaller veins branching off from the main veins

4) Look at the image of a mountain goat and a goat found in the plains. Point out the similarities and
differences between them. What are the reasons for these differences? (a) Mountain Goat (b) Goat found in the
plains
Ans. 1) Species: Both are goats and belong to the same family. 2) Diet: Both are herbivores and eat plants.
3) Body Structure: Both have hooves and horns.
Mountain Goat Plains Goat
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1) Has thick, long fur to protect against cold mountain 1) Has shorter fur suited for warmer climates.
temperatures.
2) Generally stockier and more muscular, adapted for Leaner build suitable for flat, open areas.
climbing rocky terrains.
3) Specialised rough hooves for better grip on rocky Hooves more suited for walking on flat, grassy lands
surfaces.
4) Often have curved, sharp horns for defense. Horns can vary but are usually less pronounced than
those of mountain goats.
5) Needs thick fur and strong muscles to live in cold, Lives in warmer, flat areas, so it has shorter fur and a
rocky mountains.. body shape good for walking on grass.
6) Uses its strong build and sharp horns to defend Relies on being fast and active to escape from predators
against predators in the mountains.. on the plains

5) Group the following animals into two groups based on any feature other than those discussed in the chapter
- cow, cockroach, pigeon, bat, tortoise, whale, fish, grasshopper, lizard.
Ans. Flying Animals
1) Pigeon 2) Bat 3) Cockroach 4) Grasshopper
Non Flying Animals
1) cow 2) Whale 3) Lizard 4) Tortoise 5) Fish

6) As the population grows and people want more comfortable lives, forests are being cut down to meet various
needs. How can this affect our surroundings? How do you think we can address this challenge?
Ans. Impact of Deforestation
1) Loss of Biodiversity 2) Climate Change: 3) Soil Erosion: 4) Disruption of Water Cycles 5) Loss of livelihood
6) Inferior Air quality
Addressing the Challenge
1) Reforestation and Afforestation: Planting new trees to replace those that have been cut down.
2) Sustainable Classification Practices: Ensuring that classification is done in a way that does not harm the ecosystem.
3) Protected Areas: Establishing more national parks and wildlife sanctuaries to protect existing forests.
4) Community Involvement: Engaging local communities in forest conservation efforts.
5) Regulation: Implementing and enforcing laws that prevent illegal classification and deforestation.
6) Education and Awareness: Educating people about the importance of forests and how they can help in conservation
efforts.

7) Analyse the flowchart. What can be examples of 'A' and 'B'?

Ans. Examples of 'A' These are plants that have reticulate venation in their leaves. Examples: Mango, Hibiscus,
Rose. Examples of 'B' These are plants that do not have reticulate venation (i.e., they have parallel venation).
Examples: Wheat, Maize, Grass.

8) Raj argues with his friend Sanjay that the "Gudhal (hibiscus) plant is a shrub". What questions can Sanjay
ask for clarification?
Ans: Questions that Sanjay can ask for Clarification
1) What is the height of the Gudhal (hibiscus) plant?
2) What is the nature of its stem?
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3) How do the branches of the Gudhal plant appear?

4) Is the stem of the Gudhal plant woody?

Question 9: Based on the information in the table, find out examples of these plants for each group.
Group Type of Seed Type of Root Examples
A Dicot Taproot –
B Monocot Fibrous roots –
(a) What other similarities do plants of group A have? (b) What other similarity do plants of group B have?
Ans: Group A (Dicot, Taproot) Examples: Mango, Rose, Hibiscus
Group B (Monocot, Fibrous roots) Examples: Wheat, Maize, Rice
Similarity of Plants in Group A: Plants in Group A (dicots) typically have leaves with reticulate venation.
Similarity of Plants in Group B: Plants in Group B (monocots) generally have leaves with parallel venation

Question 10: Observe the labelled part of a duck in the picture given below. What differences do you observe in
the feet of the duck compared to the other birds? Which activity would the duck be able to perform using this
part?
Ans.
Differences in the Feet

(a) Duck (b) Pigeon

Has webbed feet. Does not have webbed feet; has regular bird feet with separate toes.

Activities the Duck Can Perform with Webbed Feet

1) Swimming: The webbed feet help the duck to paddle through water efficiently.
2) Walking on Muddy or Wet Surfaces: Webbed feet stabilise and prevent the duck from sinking.
3) The webbed feet of a duck are specially adapted for swimming, allowing it to move smoothly in water.

EXTRA QUESTIONS
1) Why is grouping plants and animals is important?
Ans. It helps to understand and study their similarities and differences.
2) How plants are grouped?
Ans. Based in the features such as height, size, shape, structure and presence and absence of flowers or leaves.
3) Why is biodiversity important for ecosystem?
Ans. Biodiversity is important for ecosystem because it makes the provision of important essential services like
nutrients, cycling and climate regulation. It also contributes to balance of the environment.