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Beginner Coding Cheat Sheet FINAL

This document is a beginner-friendly cheat sheet for Python programming, covering essential topics such as variables, data types, operators, control flow, functions, collections, and common built-in functions. It also includes useful terms, acronyms, and execution environment concepts relevant to coding in Python. The cheat sheet serves as a quick reference guide for fundamental programming concepts and syntax.

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stephen john agtoto
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2 views4 pages

Beginner Coding Cheat Sheet FINAL

This document is a beginner-friendly cheat sheet for Python programming, covering essential topics such as variables, data types, operators, control flow, functions, collections, and common built-in functions. It also includes useful terms, acronyms, and execution environment concepts relevant to coding in Python. The cheat sheet serves as a quick reference guide for fundamental programming concepts and syntax.

Uploaded by

stephen john agtoto
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Beginner Coding Cheat Sheet (Python-

Friendly)
1. Variables & Data Types
int (integer) — Example: x = 10
→ Whole numbers without decimals.

float — Example: pi = 3.14


→ Numbers with decimals.

str (string) — Example: name = "Anna"


→ Text surrounded by quotes.

bool (boolean) — Example: is_active = True


→ Only two values: True or False.

list — Example: fruits = ["apple", "banana"]


→ Ordered, changeable collection.

tuple — Example: coords = (1, 2)


→ Ordered but unchangeable collection.

dict — Example: person = {"name": "Lee", "age": 22}


→ Key-value pairs.

None — Example: x = None


→ Means "nothing" or "no value".

2. Operators
Arithmetic — +, -, *, /, %, **
→ Math operations: add, subtract, etc.

Assignment — =, +=, -=
→ Set or update a variable’s value.

Comparison — ==, !=, >, <, >=, <=


→ Compare values (returns True or False).

Logical — and, or, not


→ Combine or reverse boolean expressions.
3. Control Flow
Sequential — Example: Code runs top to bottom
→ Default behavior of scripts.

If Statement — Example: if x > 5:


→ Runs code if condition is True.

Elif / Else — Example: elif, else


→ Other options when if is False.

For Loop — Example: for i in range(5):


→ Repeats code for each item in a sequence.

While Loop — Example: while x < 10:


→ Loops until condition becomes False.

break — Example: break


→ Exits loop early.

continue — Example: continue


→ Skips rest of current loop iteration.

4. Functions
Define Function — Example: def greet():
→ Create reusable blocks of code.

Call Function — Example: greet()


→ Run the function.

Parameters — Example: def greet(name):


→ Input to the function.

Return — Example: return "Hi"


→ Sends a value back from the function.

5. Collections
List — Example: colors = ["red", "blue"]
→ Ordered, changeable data.

Tuple — Example: sizes = (10, 20)


→ Like a list, but fixed.

Set — Example: nums = {1, 2, 3}


→ Unordered, no duplicates.
Dict — Example: user = {"name": "Kai"}
→ Key-value data storage.

6. Useful Terms & Slang


Bug — Error in the code.

Debug — Finding and fixing bugs.

Syntax — Rules of writing code (punctuation, structure).

Comment — # this is a comment – ignored by the program.

Script — A file containing code (e.g., main.py).

Hardcode — Manually inserting values instead of making code flexible.

Loop through — Go through each item in a list or collection.

Crash — Code stops unexpectedly due to an error.

Runtime — The period when your code is actively running.

7. Common Built-in Functions (Python)


print() — Displays output.

input() — Gets user input as a string.

len() — Returns length of a collection.

type() — Tells you the type of a variable.

range() — Generates a sequence of numbers.

str(), int(), float() — Converts types.

8. Common Acronyms
IDE — Integrated Development Environment (e.g., VSCode)

OOP — Object-Oriented Programming (coding with objects)

API — Application Programming Interface (bridge between programs)

JSON — JavaScript Object Notation (text format for data)

CLI — Command Line Interface (text-based input/output)

CRUD — Create, Read, Update, Delete – common in databases


HTML/CSS — Web structure and style (not Python, but often related)

9. Execution & Environment Terms


Kernel — The core process that runs your code in environments like Jupyter Notebooks.
It executes commands, manages memory, and returns results.

Interpreter — A tool that reads and runs your code line by line.

Runtime — The period when your code is actively running.

Shell — A command-line interface that lets you interact with your system (e.g., Python
shell, Bash).

10. Primitive Constructs


Variables — Containers for storing data values (e.g., x = 5).

Data Types — Types of data like int, float, string, bool.

Operators — Symbols used to perform operations on values (e.g., +, -, ==).

Functions — Reusable blocks of code that perform a task (e.g., def greet():).

Control Structures — Direct flow of execution (e.g., if, for, while).

Arrays / Lists — Ordered collections of items (e.g., [1, 2, 3]).

Pointers (not in Python) — Variables that store memory addresses, common in C/C++.
Python handles memory references automatically.

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