ACTIVITIES 113
ACTIVITY 3
AIM
Toassemble a household cireuit comprising three bulbs, three(onlof) switehes,
afuse and apou0er source.
APPARATUS AND MATERIAL
Apparatus. No apparatus required in assembling a circuit.
Material. Three bulbs(6V, 1 W)each, fuse of0.6A. main switch apower supply (battery
eliminator), three (on/ofi) switches flexible connecting wire with red and black plastic coveri
a fuse wire.
Supplementary. Main electric board with atwo-pin socket and main switcn.
THEORY
Electricity supplied to us for domestic purposes is 220 VA.C. and 50 Hz. The household
circuit, all appliances are connected in parallel" with mains. The switches are connected in
series with each appliances in live wire. 5 Aswitches are required for normal appliances like,
bulbs, fluorescent tubes fans etc. 15 Asockets and switches are required for heavy load appliances
like, refrigerator, air conditioner, geyser, hot plates etc. Allappliances must have three wires
called live, neutral and the earth. Total power consumption P at a time
P=P+ P +P3 +
where P, Pz, Pz are the powers drawn by appliances.
To protect the appliances from damage when unduly high currents are drawn fuse of
little higher rating, 10 to 20% higher than the current normally drawn by all appliances. For
further safety, a suitable value MAINS FUSE like rating 32 A is connected in series with
supply source.
DIAGRAM
B.
3)A (A.C.)
A.C. ammeter (
F
Power
source
M.S.
o26g 10
Source of supply
Fuse (0 to 0.75 A)
0to 10 V
(a) (b)
(a) Circuit diagram, (b) Actual layout.
PROCEDURE
1.Connect the bulbs B,, B, and B, in series with switches S, S, and S, respectively and
connect each set of B-S in parallel with each other.
2. Connect main supply toa step-down transformer (battery eliminator) to get required
voltage from 0 to 10 V (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 V.
114
COMPREHENSIVE PRACTICAL
3. Connect the mains fuse M.S. in series with the power supply
4. Connect an A.C. ammeter in series with the B-S set. (battery
5. Connect one end of power supply to one end of B-S set.
6. Check the circuit one again to ensure that household circuit
7. Gradually increase the current to 0.75 A, the fuse must burn
is ei
complete.
off at
minatg.
abbout 0.6A.
ACTIVITY 4
AIM
To assenble the components of a given electrical circuit.
APPARATUS AND MATERIAL
Apparatus. Avoltmeter and an ammeter of appropriate range, a
one way key.
paper.
Material. An unknown resistance or resistance coil, connecting
battery, atheosta
wires, a piece of Sand
DIAGRAM
Rh
A
PROCEDURE
1. Connect the
components (Resistors, inductorsetc.) in series with
in diagram and then in series with the each other as s
2. Connect the battery.
ammeter in series with the circuit. to
3. Connect the measure the current.
4. Connect the voltmeter parallel to the resis-tor, to
in
switch in series with the measure the potential diference.
5.Assembly of the electrical components in battery.
UTILITY electric circuit is compiete.
It is used for
measuring an unknown resistance (see A).
Experiment:2:Section.
ACTIVITY 6
AIM
To draw the diagram of a given open circuit
resistorlrheostat, key, ammeter and voltmeter. Markcomprising at least a battery,
the components that are not
connected in proper order and correct the circuit and also the circuit diagram.
APPARATUS AND MATERIAL
A batteryeliminator or a battery (0 to 6 V), rheostat, resistance box (0 to 100 2), two or
one way key. D.C. ammeter (0-3) A and a D.C. voltmeter (0-3) V.
THEORY
An open circuit is the combination of primary components of electric circuit in such a
Manner that on closing the circuit no current is drawn from the battery.
118 COMPREHENSIVE PRACTICAL PHYSICS-
Battery
Rheostat
Unknown resistance
wire
DIAGRAM
Resistance coil
One way key
Battery
Rheostat
Voltmeter Ammeter
Open circuit diagram
(Components not connected in proper order).
PROCEDURE
Ammeter. It should be connected in series. with the
Voltmeter.It should be connected in parallel to the battery eliminator.
Rheostat. It should be connected in series (in place resistor. with the battery
eliminator. of resistance coil)
Resistance coil. It should be connected in
One way key. It parallel (in place of rheosta
should be connected in series to the battery eliminator.
Correct circuit diagram
(Components connected in proper order)
