Lesson Note
Subject: Information and Communication Technology (ICT)
Class: SS1
Term: 3rd Term
Week: 5
Topic: Basic Computer Operations
Duration: 40 minutes
Date: ___________
Period: __________
Lesson Objectives
Define computer operations.
Explain the booting process.
Differentiate between types of booting.
Outline the steps involved in starting up a computer.
Identify components of the Windows desktop.
Instructional Materials
Functional computer system
Charts or posters showing desktop components
Projector or whiteboard (if available)
Printed or handwritten class notes
Previous Knowledge
Students have prior knowledge of the basic components of a computer system.
Lesson Development
Computer Operation:
Computer operation refers to the processes involved in turning on the computer and using
it for tasks. It starts from powering the system and includes the booting process and
interacting with the operating system.
Booting:
Booting is the process of starting up a computer and loading the operating system into the
computer’s memory. It includes a self-test phase (called POST – Power-On Self-Test),
followed by loading the OS and preparing the desktop environment.
Types of Booting:
1. Cold Booting (Hard Booting):
This is when the computer is started from a completely off state. The power button is used
to turn on the system.
2. Warm Booting (Soft Booting):
This is when the computer restarts without being turned off. It is often done using the
Restart option or pressing Ctrl + Alt + Del.
Steps in Starting a Computer:
Ensure the computer is plugged in and power is on.
Press the power button on the system unit.
Turn on the monitor.
The computer performs POST (Power-On Self-Test).
The operating system begins to load (booting).
The login screen appears (if required).
After logging in, the Windows desktop displays.
Windows Desktop Components:
Icons: Small images that represent files, folders, programs, and hardware.
Taskbar: Usually at the bottom of the screen; contains the Start menu, open application
icons, and system clock.
Background (Wallpaper): The image or plain color that fills the desktop screen.
Evaluation
1. What is computer operation?
2. Define booting.
3. State and explain the two types of booting.
4. List and explain any three steps in starting up a computer.
5. Mention and describe two components of the Windows desktop.
Assignment
6. Differentiate between cold and warm booting.
7. Draw and label a typical Windows desktop, showing at least three components.
8. State three functions of the taskbar.
Conclusion
The teacher summarizes the lesson by emphasizing the key steps in starting a computer, the
meaning and types of booting, and the components of the Windows desktop. Students are
encouraged to practice turning on and exploring a real desktop computer in the school ICT
lab.