Oral
Communication
First Semester
Explains the nature, process, and
functions of communication
EN11/12OC-Ia-2
i
Oral Communication – Grade 11
Supplementary Learning Resource
First Semester: Nature, Process, and Functions of Communication
First Edition, 2020
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work
of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or
office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for the exploitation of such work for a
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royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this book are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from
their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim
ownership over them.
Published by the Department of Education Region III
Nicolas T. Capulong, PhD, CESO V
Ronilo Al K. Firmo, PhD, CESO V
Librada M. Rubio, PhD
Development Team of the SLR
Writer: Cherry I. Garcia
Illustrator: Cherry I. Garcia
Layout Artist: John Joseph C. Fernando
Language Reviewer:
Content Editor:
Management Team:
Ma. Editha R. Caparas, Ed.D.
Nestor P. Nuesca, Ed.D.
Arnelia R. Trajano, Ph.D.
Teresa R. Manlapaz, Ph.D.
Department of Education Region III – Learning Resource Management Section (LRMS)
Office Address: Diosdado Macapagal Government Center
Maimpis, City of San Fernando, (P)
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11
Oral
Communication
First Semester
Explains the nature, process, and functions
of communication EN11/12OC-Ia-2
iii
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
It is our primary concern as a parent or guardian to direct and assist our learners
in learning the best way we can. It is our primary concern as a parent or guardian to
direct and assist our learners in learning the best way we can. This supplementary
learning platform offers lessons and activities and assessments that will meet our
learners' educational needs. Answers to this module are written at the bottom.
Concerning our learner, there will be challenges and obstacles, but as
facilitators, we are here to guide and supervise them. Most pertinently, we must instill
the virtue of honesty, while answering this module. Remember: you are playing a
significant role in learning your child!
Thank you and God bless!
Notes to the Teacher
This contains helpful tips or strategies that will
help you in guiding the learners.
For the learner:
This module is developed to motivate you, and to empower you that nothing
can stop you from learning! Learning happens not only in the four corners of the
classroom and within the boundaries of the conventional day of school. Learning is out
there and anywhere!
In a past pace world like ours, we need to adapt and discover other ways of
learning Modules are one way of providing lessons that will help you learn a specific
topic at your own pace and at your own time.
This Supplementary Learning Resource can be used by anyone in the Grade 11 level.
It is all about the Nature, Process, and Functions of Communication. This will help you
understand the importance of communication in our day-to-day interactions, and also
improve your communication skills. As you go through the lessons, may you attain the
learning competency needed and be able to apply it in real life. Best of luck and God
Bless!
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What I Need to Know
This module was designed to help students understand the definition,
nature, processes, and functions of communication. The course has provided
instructions and explanations. The module consists of different tasks to enhance
students' enthusiasm and participate in a cycle of self-learning.
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. Define communication and describe communication as a process.
2. Identify and describe the nine essential components of communication.
3. Explain the functions of communication.
What I Know
A. Direction: Write T if the statement is TRUE and F if otherwise incorrect.
1. Communication has evolved from the Latin language. 'Communis and
communicare' which means to share and making something in
common.
2. Non-verbal communication includes sounds, words, language, and
speech.
3. Communication is a process of passing information and
understanding from one person to another.
4. Oral communication is verbal communication that uses words to
share information with others.
5. Oral Communication is the sharing of information between individuals
by using sign language.
6. Without understanding, there is no communication.
7. Literacy is the inability to read and write.
8. Oral communication is a process that only involves a message and a
receiver.
9. Oral communication is symbolic.
10. Communication could be one-way or maybe two-way process.
11. Noise can be a barrier to an effective communication process and may
originate from the source or the receiver
12. Physical noise occurs when the speaker and listener have different
meaning systems.
13. Feedback is also called return signal.
14. Smiling is a form of communication.
15. Being silent when you are mad is not considered as a form of
communication.
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B. Direction: Tick (/) the column that determines how often you practice what the
statements say. Do this as objectively as possible. Bear in mind that there are no
wrong answers. You can use your performance in Let's Warm Up as a basis for
completing this task.
Usually Sometimes Seldom Never
1. I communicate to impart my
messages and express my ideas.
2. I define communication as a
process.
3. I know that communication can be
conveyed in words and/or actions.
4. I can differentiate the features of the
communication process.
5. I can distinguish the models of
communication.
6. I effectively express a message both
in words and actions.
7. I can identify the elements of
communication.
8. I can describe the cause of
communication breakdown.
9. I use strategies to prevent
communication breakdown.
10. I know the functions of
communication.
Total
Grand Total /30
Scoring Score Level of Proficiency
Usually – 3 points 28 – 30 Advanced
Sometimes – 2 25 – 27 Proficient
points 23 – 24 Approaching Proficiency
Seldom – 1 point 21 – 22 Developing
Never – 0 20 and below Beginning
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What’s In
Oral communication skills are essential to the improvement of literacy
and necessary for thinking and learning.
A. Direction: Think of one benefit or opportunity that you know about
communication and explain it.
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
___________________________________.
What’s New
Direction: Fill the bubble message with what you think is their conversation about
based on their gestures and body language.
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What is It
What is communication?
Communication has developed from the Latin words “communis” (noun) and
“communicare” (verb) which means commonality or sharing and to make common
respectively.
From an etymological perspective, communication refers to sharing something –
information, knowledge, or meaning.
Hence, Communication is a process where knowledge and understanding are passed
on from one person to another (Keith Davis). Moreover, in reality, one person can
communicate with another and make himself understood (John Adair).
Communication skills are substantial to everyone since it permits us to receive
information and express our ideas and thoughts with those around us.
Types of Communication
Verbal (sounds, language) is the use of language or spoken words. It creates
the process of conveying thoughts easier and faster.
Non-verbal (facial expressions, body language, gestures, and postures)
this type of communication involves sending and receiving wordless messages.
The messages usually strengthen verbal communication, moreover, nonverbal
habits, like the way we stand, the tone of voice, or how fast we talk, conveys
information to others.
Written (journal, emails, and text messages) is transmitted by the use of
symbols that are understood by both the sender and receiver of the message.
This type of communication is essential for formal business communications
and delivering legal instructions.
Aural (listening and hearing) involves the transmission of information through
the auditory sensory system. The system of speaking and hearing. Aural
communication can be used to transmit information independently or in
combination with visual communication.
Visual communication “is the transfer of ideas and information in forms that
can be seen”. (Wikipedia) We are a visual society. Think about it, televisions
run 24/7, Netflixing in your free time, Facebook is visual with emoticons, videos,
and photos. Instagram is an images-only platform, and media companies use
imagery to sell services and products. Think from a personal standpoint – the
images that we post on social media are intended to communicate a message
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Communication is certainly crucial since there are different meanings in a single
word. That is why it is of the utmost importance to cultivate a variety of skills for
both expressing our ideas to others and understanding the information from
others. It's just as important to know our audience and understand how they
need to receive information as to know ourselves.
Basic Elements of Communication
Communication is a process of sending and receiving information among people.
Communication process Is the organized flow of steps we take to achieve an
effective and successful communication. The following picture illustrates the
communications process.
Communication Process
Hi Jenny, how’s
your family during Thank God, we are
the pandemic? doing great.
The Message
Hi Jenny, How’s your family
during the pandemic?
Thank God, we are doing great.
The Feedback
The Sender The Receiver
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Sender
Hi Jenny,
how’s your
family during
the pandemic?
The sender of communication is the message originator. The sender
also known as the information source, initiates the communication
process. Also, the sender can be called the speaker who delivers his
message to the receiver or the listener.
Message
A message is an idea, a belief, or an emotion a person wishes to share
with another. A sender's message is then given a meaning depending
on the receiver’s or listener 's understanding. A message may be verbal,
non-verbal or in writing.
Encoding
The process of transforming the message into words, actions, or other forms
understand by the sender.
Channel
A Channel is the communication means or
mechanism by which the message of the sender
travels to the receiver o listener. The language that
we use to relay our message to the receiver or
listener is a clear example of that. Communication
channels include speaking, writing, video
transmission, audio transmission, digital
transmission by emails, text messages, and even
nonverbal communication, such as body language.
Decoding
The process by which the receiver interprets the sender's encoded message.
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Receiver
The receiver receives the message channeled via the
information source.
Feedback
Feedback is an important aspect of the human
communication process, helping the speaker to track the
process and determine the effectiveness of an effort to
achieve the desired response from the receiver. Also
termed "return signals," it has a regulatory effect on the
speaker since for communication to be successful, the
speaker must adjust to the feedback responses. In a state
of public communication, the response of the public's
acceptance with their applause may well be regarded as
feedback.
Barrier
The barrier is an interruption with the flow of communication and
can be a hindrance to a successful communication process. The
barrier can come from the source or receiver, from the medium
used to transmit the message or outside of the source and from
the receiver’s control.
These are types of barrier in communication:
Physical Barrier. It is a hindrance external to the sender as well as the receiver. This
impedes the message from being directly delivered.
Physiological Barrier Is created through barriers inside the sender or receiver. For
the sender or receiver, it is a challenge, and in rare cases both. An example of this is
the challenge of the receiver is to hear clearly because of his hearing problems. On
the other hand, talking to slow or faster, on the sender’s side, is an example of a
physiological barrier.
Psychological Barrier is the mental barrier in the sender or the receiver. Examples
are made assumptions, mind wandering, and sarcasm.
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Semantic Barrier refers to the misunderstanding between the sender and the receiver
arising due to the different meanings of words, and other symbols used in the
communication.
Jargon can be kind of a semantic barrier. An example is when receivers have
a different meaning of certain terminology, and so jargon has become a barrier.
Another example is the Filipino language when used by a sender to a foreign
listener who only understands English. Then, due to the language barrier, the listener
cannot comprehend the sender's point, then it will become a semantic barrier.
Context
Communication takes place in a specific communication situation where the elements
of the process work in a dynamic interrelation. This point is referred to as the context-
the time and place of an event of communication. Communication context varies
depending on the need, intent, quantity of communicators, and ways in which the
conversation takes place.
Conceptualizing Communication
1. Communication is a process.
2. Communication is transactional.
3. Communication is symbolic.
Process of Communication
Process of Communication
Example
The sender creätes an idea. Irish (Volleyball Team Captain) is
excited to tell her team about the new
The sender encodes an idea or project.
transforms the idea into words or
actions. She thinks of how to tell her team.
The sender transmits or sends out a She arranged a team meeting and
message. speak to them about it.
The receiver receives the message.
The team listens to what she is saying.
The receiver decodes or interprets the Team members try to analyze what she
message based on the context. means based on the content of her
information
The receiver sends or provides A team member asked a question to
feedback. clarify some information.
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Five Functions of Communication
There are five functions of communication. These are control, social interaction,
motivation, information dissemination, and emotional expression.
1. Regulation/Control
It functions to control human behavior. It regulates the nature and amount of
activities humans engage in.
Examples: doctor’s prescriptions, parents’ instructions to their children, scolding,
employers’ orders to employees, customer's taking orders, etc.
e.g.
Please come in.
You need to take this pill twice a day for 7 days.
The deadline for your accomplishment reports will be next Friday.
I want you to stay here with me.
2. Social Interaction
Communication helps people communicate with others; used to develop bonds,
connections, friendship, intimacy, and interactions.
Examples: pick-up lines, invitations, greetings, appreciation, encouragement,
a marriage proposal, game plans, etc.
Example Expressions
Let’s be friends.
Will you marry me?
Be my group partner.
I like it.
Hello!
3. Motivation
Communication motivates or encourages people to live better. Motivation as a
function refers to a person using language to express desires, needs, wants, likes
and dislikes, inclinations, choices, and aspirations.
Examples: expressing one’s ambitions, ordering in a fast food restaurant, asking for
milk, making petitions, picketing, etc.
Example Expressions - I need it… - I want… - Give me… - I dream of it… - I like… -
We pray for…
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4. Emotional expression
Communication enables people’s expression of their feelings and emotions.
Emotional expression through language can come in the form of interjection and
exclamation.
Emotional Expressions
Yes!
Oh no!
Ouch!
Really?
Non-verbal
Gestures
facial expression
simple or energetic body movements
5. Information dissemination
Communication functions to convey information.
Communication can be used in giving and getting information.
Giving of information (statement of facts)
Getting information (asking questions)
What’s More
A. GUIDED PRACTICE
Direction: What could be the next conversation? Write it in the bubble message
icon below.
Mommy, I would love to
Katy, can I come take you with me but
with you to SM senior citizens are not
Pampanga? allowed yet. You may
catch the Coronavirus
there.
Mother Daughter
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B. INDEPENDENT PRACTICE
Direction: Write your conversation with your friend about your experience during
ECQ in the bubble message icon below.
INDEPENDENT ASSESSMENT
A. Direction: Match the Processes of Communication in Column A with
corresponding examples in Column B. Write the letter of your choice on the space
provided before each number.
COLUMN A COLUMN B
___1. The sender generates an idea. a. She thinks of ways how she could
be able to tell her teacher about it.
__2. The sender encodes an idea or
converts the idea into words or actions. b. The teacher understands that it is
important for Jade to learn the
__3. The sender transmits or sends out basics about google classroom.
a message. c. Jade wants to learn how to use
google classroom from her teacher.
__4. The receiver gets the message.
d. The teacher hears what Jade said.
__5. The receiver decodes or interprets e. The teacher replied “Yes” and set
the message based on the context. the day for the tutorial.
__6. The receiver sends or provides f. She calls her teacher and says
feedback. "Ma'am, I know you are quite busy
but would it be possible if you can
teach me how to use google
classroom one of these days?"
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B. Direction: Create a conversation based on the process of communication.
Process of Communication
Create your conversation.
The sender creates an idea.
The sender encodes an idea or
transforms the idea into words or
actions.
The sender transmits or sends out a
message.
The receiver receives the message.
The receiver decodes or interprets the
message based on the context.
The receiver sends or provides
feedback.
What I Have Learned
A. Direction: Choose your answer from the box below. Write it on the
space provided.
make contact – understood, receive – express,
Communis and Communicare - to share
1. Communication is essentially the ability of one person to __________ with another
and make himself or herself __________.
2. Communication skills are substantial to everyone since it permits us to
__________information and ________ our ideas and thoughts with those around us.
3. Communication is a process of _______________ and ________ from one person
to another.
4. Communication (from Latin words “__________________________”, meaning
commonality and "________" meaning to have something in common.
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the channel, spoken words, process, verbal,
Non-verbal, Aural
5. Communication is a ________ that involves a message, sender, receiver, and
channel.
6. It is an exchange of information with the help of _______________.
7. __________ is also known as listening and hearing.
8. ______________ is a type of communication involves the sending and receiving
wordless messages.
9 The communication means or mechanism by which the message of the sender
travels to the receiver o listener is called ____________.
10. Oral communication in the form of _______ communication, which conveys the
message from the sender to the receiver.
What I Can Do
Your mother is asking you to do
You see a homeless kid crying something but you cannot hear
while holding his tummy, what her because your music is so
Your friend did not loud. What will you do?
message it is telling you? What
understand what you will you do? _______________________
said. What could be
______________________ _______________________
the problem? What
can you do about it? ______________________ _______________________
________________ ______________________ _______________________
________________ ______________________ _______________________
________________ ______________________ _______________________
______________________ _______________________
________________
______________________ _______________________
________________
______________________ _______________________
________________ ______________________ __
________________ ______________________
________________
________________
________________ You are quite confused about
________________ how to study your module in
English. What will you do?
________________
_______________________
________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
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Assessment
A. Direction: Identify whether the given statements are true or not on functions,
elements, and processes of communication. Write F for fact and B for bluff.
____1. The message refers to the information, ideas, or thoughts conveyed by the
the sender in words or actions.
____2. Feedback refers to the reactions, responses, or information provided by the
receiver.
____3. Communication functions to control behavior.
____4. Communication hinders people’s expression of their feelings and emotions.
____5. Encoding the process of interpreting the encoded message of the sender by
the receiver.
____6. Noise is a barrier to the flow of communication.
____7. The source or sender of communication is the message originator.
____8. The sender of the message, or someone who decodes the message
____9. The fourth process of communication is “the receiver gets the message.”
____10. Communication functions to convey information.
____11. The physiological Barrier is created through barriers external to the sender or
receiver.
____12. Psychological Barrier is the mental interference in the speaker or the listener.
____13. Physical Barrier happens when the sender and the receiver have different
systems of interpretation.
____14. The use of text messages, emails, formal letters, spoken and body language
are channels of communication.
____15. The process by which the receiver interprets the sender's encoded message
is called decoding.
B. Direction: Identify the function of communication in each of the following
situations. Write your answers to the space provided.
______________1. The teacher reads online classroom policies and discusses them
with her pupils.
_______________2. Joyce meets Ava; then they continue sharing their preparations
for the holidays.
_______________3. Jasper shares his ideas on how to live in peace, amid a complex
life.
_______________4. Mary shares her personal frustrations with Gary.
_______________5. The calculus instructor teaches on the principles of mathematics.
_______________6. Jenny delivers her valedictory speech.
_______________7. The President will give his final speech to the nation-state.
_______________8. A TV personality thanks the supportive movie fans during an
interview.
_______________9. The mayor of the town discusses her tactics for carrying out the
projects in a public forum.
_______________10. A travel guide orients around a heritage site to a party of
visitors.
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Additional Activities
Direction: Imagine you have been assigned the task of creating a job description for
a Virtual Sales Manager. Search online and find at least two sample job descriptions,
and create one. Make sure you pay attention to words like “effective in virtual teams”
and other details that highlight the importance of communication skills. Write your
answer in the box provided below. Share what you learned on how communication
skills play a role in the tasks or duties you have included.
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References
Department of Education. K to 12 Grade 11 Oral Communication in Context Learner’s
Manual; 2016
Department of Education. K to 12 Grade 11 Oral Communication in Context Teacher’s
Guide; 2016
Department of Education. K to 12 Grade 11 Oral Communication in Context; Activity
Sheets (First Quarter;) June 2016
Engleberg, Isa N., and Dianna Wynn. Working in Groups. Boston, MA: Houghton
Mifflin Co., 2007. Retrieved from: https://2012books.lardbucket.org/books/an-
introduction-to-group-communication/s03-02-what-is-communication.html
PERC Learning Portal, Quexbook Oral Communication, Bacoor City, Cavite
Philippines February 2017
Communication Skills: https://www.skillsyouneed.com/ips/communication-skills.html
Bitmoji Avatar.,Google Play
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