Summary of Annotations
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#1 Highlight
joint family or households is 20% and the nuclear family is 70%
#2 Highlight
As per NFHS 5- prevalence of girls getting married before age 18 is 23.3%. A new study published in the
Lancet Global Health 2023,In India, child marriage reduced from 47.4% in 2005-06 to 26.8% in 2015-16
#3 Highlight
The representation of Scheduled Caste (SC) and Scheduled Tribe (ST) officers at the rank of joint
secretary and secretary in the Government of India stands at 4% and 4.9% respectively, the department
of personnel and training (DoPT) informed the Rajya Sabha in 2022.
#4 Highlight
As per Ministry of Law & Justice, 492 of the 650 High Court judges appointed between 2018 and 2023
belong to the General Category (75.69%
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Institutional Delivery has increased from 17.7% (2005-06) to 82.3 % (2019-21)
#2 Highlight
Infant Mortality Rate has declined from 62.1 (2005-06) to 41.6 (2019-21
#3 Highlight
97% of manual scavengers are Dalits
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Sex ratio = 943 Census 2011
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5–8% of India’s population have disabilities
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2011 census also reported 55,000 children as transgender identified by their parents
#2 Highlight
UP having most of the transgender population 1,37,465
#3 Highlight
tional Human Rights Commission found that in 2017 just six percent of transgender people were
formally employed in
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population of Muslims are 14.2%; Christians 2.3%; Sikhs 1.7%, Buddhists 0.7%, Jain 0.4% and Parsis 0.
006%
#2 Highlight
percentage of minorities in the country is about 3% of the total population of the country.
#3 Highlight
43.63 percent of Indians speak Hindi as their mother tongue
#4 Highlight
In Tamil Nadu, the proportion of Hindi speakers nearly doubled from 2001 to 2011
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Female enrollment in higher education has increased by 28 per cent over 10 years
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India experienced a significant decline in the prevalence of extreme poverty from 22.5% in 2011 to 10.
2% in 2019.
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between NFHS 4 and NFHS 5
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from 2.2 to 2.0 at the national level
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only five states in India which are above replacement level of fertility of 2.1. These states are Bihar,
Meghalaya, Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand and Manipur
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Institutionalised birth-89%
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TFR-2.0
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By 2050, climate change will cause 216 millions internally displaced.
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Goa is the most urbanised State with 62.2% urban population
#2 Highlight
According to the 2011 Census, the population in urban India was about 31.2% of the total population.
This is projected to grow around 40% of the total population by 2030.
#3 Highlight
Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Maharashtra, and Gujarat have attained over 40% urbanisation
#4 Highlight
Among the North-Eastern States, Mizoram is the most urbanised with 51.5% urban population
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requirement of investment in urban infrastructure to the tune of ` 39 Billion
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over the next 20 years
#7 Highlight
High Powered Expert Committee (HPEC) appointed by the Ministry of Urban Development,
#8 Highlight
44 percent of this investment requires to be for urban roads,while water, sewerage, solid waste
management , storm water drains , streetlights would require another 20 percent of investment, while
14 per cent investment would be required for transport and traffic related infrastructure.
#9 Highlight
People who are living in slums increased from 52 million in 2001 to 65.5 million 2011.
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The warm Gulf Stream originating in the tropical Caribbean, for instance, carries about 150 times more
water than the Amazon River.
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8 million tons of plastic waste end up in ocean every year
#2 Highlight
More than 60 percent of the world’s coral reefs biodiversity are under threat
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#1 Underline
between 2014 and 2017 around 75% of the world’s tropical coral reefs experienced heat-stress severe
enough to trigger bleaching
#2 Highlight
Gross revenues from the world’s marine fisheries were around $150bn in 2010 USD, providing jobs for
around 260 million people
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About 68% of earthquakes in the world occur in the Circum-Pacific Belt.
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India has been divided into four seismic zones (II, III, IV, and V) based on scientific inputs relating to
seismicity, earthquakes occurred in the past and tectonic setup of the region.
#2 Highlight
28 AIM for CSE 2025 with extension into the Mediterranean, the Caucasus, and the Himalayan region
and continues to Indonesia. • 21% of earthquakes
#3 Highlight
56 percent of India is prone to moderate to severe earthquakes while cities like Mumbai and Pune, due
to their high density of population, are susceptible to “high exposure
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#1 Underline
India’s forest cover is now7,13,789 square kilometers (21.71% of the country’s geographical ar
#2 Highlight
In 2015 over 1 billion people (14.3% of the world’s population) lived within 100 km of a volcano that has
erupted during the Holocene
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percentage of different types of forest in India
#2 Highlight
Mangroves have increased by 17 sq km making India’s total mangrove cover as 4,992 sq km
#3 Highlight
Tropical forest: 54.54%
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Sub-tropical forest: 14.07%
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Montane forest: 8.86
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Mangrove forest: 0.14%
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Other forest types: 22.39%
#8 Underline
46% of the forest cover is prone to forest fires
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ICAR) has classified soils into 8 categories
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Wind
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29.7%) of India’s total geographical area (TGA) of 328.72 mha underwent land degradation during
2018-19.
#4 Highlight
Around 23.79% of the area undergoing desertification / land degradation
#5 Highlight
In 2011-13, water erosion was responsible for 10.98% of desertification in the country
#6 Highlight
Wind erosion found to be responsible for 5.46% of the desertification in India
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Agriculture and allied products account for 50 per cent on the consumer price index- like Due to deficit
rainfall, headline inflation stood at 6.8% with food inflation at around 10% in August 2023.
#2 Highlight
50 per cent people of India depend directly on agriculture for their livelihood
#3 Highlight
For every degree Celsius of warming, Indian monsoon rainfalls will likely increase by about 5%
#4 Highlight
spikelet sterility, non-viable pollen and reduced grain quality
#5 Highlight
affect plant physiological processe
#6 Highlight
100% FDI permitted via automatic route for mining and exploration of metal and non-metal ores
#7 Highlight
total value of mineral production (excluding atomic & fuel minerals) during 2017-18 has been estimated
at $16.6 bn
#8 Highlight
mining sector’s contribution to the GDP is 2.3-2.5 % at present
#9 Highlight
CAGR) of 5.72% between 2013-14 and 2017-18
#10 Highlight
Mineral production
#11 Highlight
3rd largest steel producer
#12 Highlight
largest producer of sheet mica
#13 Highlight
7th largest bauxite reserves
#14 Highlight
labour-intensive sector
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world
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#3 Highlight
percent of the world reserve
#4 Underline
About 80 per cent of the coal deposits in India is of bituminous type and is of non-coking grade
#5 Underline
India has rich deposits of coal
#6 Underline
361.41 billion tonnes
#7 Highlight
7th globally in terms of reserve base
#8 Highlight
bauxite,
#9 Highlight
India possesses
#10 Highlight
Odisha alone contains
#11 Highlight
39% of India’s total reserves
#12 Highlight
Rajasthan was the leading producer of limestone
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domestic textile and apparel market was worth $150.5 billion.
#2 Highlight
India is the largest producer of sponge iron in the world and the 3rd largest finished steel consumer
#3 Highlight
India registered $ 41 bn in textile exports in CY 2021
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employs 100 million people in supporting sectors in addition to 45 million workers directly
#2 Highlight
second-largest employer in India
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stayed
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exports have stayed constant at a level of USD 40 billion.
#5 Highlight
Sugar Industry
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Rural livelihood of about 50 million sugarcane farmers
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Indian food processing industry accounts for 32% of the country’s total food market
#2 Highlight
Food Processing Industry
#3 Highlight
Government Measures • 100% Foreign direct investment (FDI) in marketing of food products
#4 Highlight
dairy processing infra fund
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(FSSAI) plans to invest around Rs 482 crore (US$ 72.3 million) to strengthen the food testing
infrastructure in India
#6 Highlight
PM Kisan Sampada Yojana: The scheme provides a grant in aid of 35% of the eligible project cost in
most states and 50% of the project cost in North-east and Himalayan states
#7 Highlight
PM Formalization of Micro Food processing Enterprises:, 35% subsidy
#8 Highlight
units on their project cost
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The National Manufacturing Policy (NMP) of 2011 aimed to increase the share of manufacturing in GDP
to 25% and generate 100 million jobs over a decade.
#2 Highlight
IT industry accounted for 7.4% of India’s GDP in FY22, and it is expected to contribute 10% to India’s
GDP by 2025.
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The global mean sea level had risen by 16 cm between 1902 and 2015, and that the rate of increase had
doubled in the last one decade.
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Total Installed Capacity (Fossil Fuel & Non-Fossil Fuel) is 417 GW.
#2 Highlight
During the FY:2022- 23(P) energy generated from Coal accounted for about 77.01% of the total
generation of energy followed by Electricity (from Hydro, Nuclear and other Renewable energy sources)
(7.58%) and Natural Gas (6.83%).
#3 Highlight
Fossil fuel (including Coal)- 56.8%
#4 Highlight
Renewable Energy (including Hydropower)- 41.4%
#5 Highlight
Nuclear fuel- 1.60%
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#1 Highlight
More than half of the nuclear power plants in the pipeline globally (between 2024-2026) are in China
and India.
#2 Highlight
Changing weather patterns led to a 15% fall in hydropower generation in 2023
#3 Highlight
India announced plans in 2022 to triple its nuclear capacity by 2032, aiming to add 13 GW, with 6 GW
currently under construction
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#1 Highlight
21 major cities are expected to run out of groundwater as soon as 2020,
#2 Highlight
Agriculture accounts for most of the surface and ground water utilisation, it accounts for 89% of the
surface water and 92% of the groundwater utilisation
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#1 Highlight
The number of PPP airports in India is likely to increase from five in 2014 to 24 in 2024. Airport
Authority of India, manages 137 airports.
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About 12% (over 40 million hectares) of its land is prone to floods and river erosion.
#2 Highlight
Around 59% of the landmass is prone to earthquakes of moderate to very high intensity.
#3 Highlight
68% of its cultivable area is vulnerable to droughts;
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NITI Aayog, just 63% of the 7933 urban settlements have master plans
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8 tropical cyclones hit the country in 2019
#2 Highlight
State of Global Climate Report 2020 by UN, Cyclone Amphan of 2020 resulted in $14 billion economic
losses in India.
#3 Highlight
Cyclone Fani”which affected a total of 28 million people, killing nearly 90 peop
#4 Highlight
economic losses of US$8.1 billion
#5 Highlight
National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC) under the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has
released the Landslide Atlas of India,
#6 Highlight
India is considered among the top 5 landslide-prone countries glob
