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Tutorial 2

The document is a tutorial on Aircraft Stability and Control, focusing on calculations related to pitching moments and trim lift coefficients. It includes problems on determining the stick fixed neutral point, analyzing canard-wing combinations, and evaluating the effects of center of gravity on trim conditions. Additionally, it discusses the impact of landing gear and flaps on pitching moment characteristics.

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Naval barodh
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117 views3 pages

Tutorial 2

The document is a tutorial on Aircraft Stability and Control, focusing on calculations related to pitching moments and trim lift coefficients. It includes problems on determining the stick fixed neutral point, analyzing canard-wing combinations, and evaluating the effects of center of gravity on trim conditions. Additionally, it discusses the impact of landing gear and flaps on pitching moment characteristics.

Uploaded by

Naval barodh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Department of Aerospace Engineering

Tutorial-2
Aircraft Stability and Control

1. If the slope of the Cm versus CL curve is −0.15 and the pitching moment at zero lift is equal to 0.08,
determine the trim lift coefficient. If the center of gravity of the airplane is located at xcg /c̄ =0.3 ,
determine the stick fixed neutral point.
2. For the data shown in Figure (1) determine the following:
(a) The stick fixed neutral point.
(b) If we wish to fly the airplane at a velocity of 125f t/s at sea level, what would be the trim lift coefficient
and what would be the elevator angle for trim?

Figure 1: Cm versus α plot

3. Analyze the canard-wing combination shown in Figure (2). The canard and wing are geometrically similar
and made from the same airfoil section. ARc = ARw , Sc = 0.2Sw , c̄c = 0.45c̄w
(a) Develop an expression for the moment coefficient about the c.g. You may simplify the problem by
neglecting the upwash (downwash) effects between the lifting surfaces and the drag contribution to the
moment. Also assume small angle approximation
(b) Find the neutral point for the plane

Figure 2: Location of canard

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4. The Cm versus α curve for a large jet transport can be seen in Figure (3). Use the figure and the following
information to answer questions (a) to (c), where CL = 0.03 + 0.08α (deg), −150 ≤ δe ≤ 200
(a) Estimate the stick fixed neutral point
(b) Estimate the control power Cmδe
(c) Find the forward center of gravity limit:dCmcg /dCL = xcg /c̄ − xnp /c̄

Figure 3: Pitching moment plot of an airplane

5. An airplane has the following pitching moment characteristics at the c.g position: xcg /c̄ = 0.3, Cmcg =
dCm dCm dCm x x
Cm0 + dCLcg CL + Cmδe , where Cm0 = 0.05, dCLcg = −0.1, Cmδe = −0.01/deg, dCLcg = c̄cg − np c̄ . If the
x
airplane is loaded so that the center of gravity position moves to c̄cg = 0.01, can the airplane be trimmed
during landing, when CL = 1.0 ? Assume that Cm0 and Cmδe are unaffected by the c.g. travel and that
δemax = ±200 .
6. The pitching moment characteristics of a general aviation airplane with the landing gear and flaps in their
retracted position are given in Figure (4).
(a) Where is the stick fixed neutral point located?
(b) If the airplane weighs 2500 lbs and is flying at sea level ρ = 0.002378 slug/f t3, what is the elevator
angle required for trim?
(c) Discuss what happens to the pitching moment curve when the landing gear is deployed? How does
the deflection of the high lift flaps affect the stability of the airplane?

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Figure 4: Pitching moment characteristics of a general aviation airplane

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