This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles

for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Designation: A707/A707M − 19

Standard Specification for

Forged Carbon and Alloy Steel Flanges for Low-
Temperature Service1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A707/A707M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Scope* be used independently of the other. Combining values from the

two systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi-
1.1 This specification covers forged carbon and alloy steel
cation.
flanges intended primarily for petroleum and gas pipelines in
areas subject to low ambient temperatures. Included are flanges 1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
to specified dimensions or to dimensional standards such as dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
those MSS, ASME, and API specifications that are referenced ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
in Section 2. Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.2 Supplementary requirements are provided for use when Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
additional requirements are desired. These shall apply only
when specified individually by the purchaser in the order. 2. Referenced Documents
1.3 Eight grades, four yield-strength classes, and three
iTeh Standards
2.1 In addition to those reference documents listed in
different notch toughness levels are included. Specification A961/A961M, the following list of standards
1.4 The availability of a particular size of flange of a apply to this specification:
(https://standards.iteh.ai)
specific grade and class is limited only by the capability of the
composition to meet the specified mechanical property require-
2.2 ASTM Standards:
A388/A388M Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Steel
2

ing: Document Preview

ments. However, current practice normally limits the follow- Forgings
A788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General Re-
(a) Grade L1 to Classes 1 and 2, quirements
(b) Grade L2 to Classes 1, 2, and 3, A961/A961M Specification for Common Requirements for
(c) Grade L3 to Classes 1, 2, and 3, ASTM A707/A707M-19 Steel Flanges, Forged Fittings, Valves, and Parts for
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(d) Grade L4 to Classes 1, 2, and 3, Piping Applications
(e) Grade L7 to Classes 1 and 2, and 2.3 MSS Standards:
(f) Grades L5, L6, and L8 are generally available in any SP 44 Steel Pipeline Flanges3
class.
2.4 API Standard:
1.5 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units 605 Large Diameter Carbon Steel Flanges4
and in SI units. However, unless the order specifies the
applicable “M” specification designation (SI units), the mate- 2.5 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code:
rial shall be furnished to inch-pound units. Section VIII Division I, Part UG-845
Section IX5
1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each 2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3
Available from Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Industry (MSS), 127 Park St., NE, Vienna, VA 22180-4602, http://www.mss-
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee hq.com.
4
A01.22 on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting Available from American Petroleum Institute (API), 1220 L. St., NW,
Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications. Washington, DC 20005-4070, http://api-ec.api.org.
5
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2019. Published November 2019. Originally Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as A707/A707M – 14. International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
DOI: 10.1520/A0707_A0707M-19. www.asme.org.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States

1
 A707/A707M − 19
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Grade
Element
L1A L2A L3 L4 L5 L6 L7B L8
Carbon, max, %
Heat analysis 0.20 0.30 0.22 0.18 0.07 0.07 0.20 0.20
Product analysis 0.23 0.33 0.25 0.20 0.09 0.09 0.22 0.22
Manganese, %
Heat analysis 0.60-1.50 0.60-1.35 1.15–1.50 0.45–0.65 0.40–0.70 1.85–2.20 0.90 max 0.20–0.40
Product analysis 0.55-1.60 0.55-1.45 1.05–1.60 0.40–0.70 0.35–0.75 1.75–2.30 1.00 max 0.15–0.45
Phosphorus, max, %
Heat analysis 0.030 0.030 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.020
Product analysis 0.035 0.035 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.025
Sulfur, max, %
Heat analysis 0.030 0.030 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.020
Product analysis 0.040 0.040 0.035 0.035 0.035 0.035 0.035 0.025
Silicon, max, %
Heat analysis 0.35 0.35 0.30 0.35 0.35 0.15 0.35 0.35
Product analysis 0.37 0.37 0.32 0.37 0.37 0.17 0.37 0.37
Chromium, %
Heat analysis 0.30 max 0.30 max 0.30 max 0.30 max 0.60–0.90 0.30 max 0.30 max 1.50–2.00
Product analysis 0.34 max 0.34 max 0.34 max 0.34 max 0.56–0.94 0.34 max 0.34 max 1.44–2.06
Nickel, %
Heat analysis 0.40 max 0.40 max 0.40 max 1.65–2.00 0.70–1.00 0.40 max 3.2–3.7 2.8–3.9
Product analysis 0.43 max 0.43 max 0.43 max 1.60–2.05 0.67–1.03 0.43 max 3.18–3.82 2.68–3.97
Molybdenum, %
Heat analysis 0.12 max 0.12 max 0.12 max 0.20–0.30 0.15–0.25 0.25–0.35 0.12 max 0.40–0.60
Product analysis 0.13 max 0.13 max 0.13 max 0.19–0.33 0.14–0.28 0.22–0.38 0.13 max 0.35–0.65
Vanadium, %
Heat analysis 0.05 max 0.05 max 0.04–0.11 0.05 max 0.05 max 0.05 max 0.05 max 0.05 max
Product analysis 0.06 max 0.06 max 0.03–0.13 0.06 max 0.06 max 0.06 max 0.06 max 0.06 max
Nitrogen, %
Heat analysis ... ... 0.010–0.030 ... ... ... ... ...
Product analysis
Copper, %
Heat analysis
...

0.40 max
iTeh Standards
...

0.40 max
0.005–0.035

0.20 minC
...

0.40 max
...

1.00–1.30
...

0.40 max
...

0.40 max
...

0.40 max
0.18 minC

(https://standards.iteh.ai)
Product analysis 0.43 max 0.43 max 0.43 max 0.95–1.35 0.43 max 0.43 max 0.43 max
Niobium, %D
Heat analysis 0.02 max 0.02 max 0.02 max 0.02 max 0.03 min 0.06–0.10 0.02 max 0.02 max

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Product analysis 0.03 max 0.03 max 0.03 max 0.03 max 0.02 min 0.05–0.11 0.03 max 0.03 max
A
The sum of copper, nickel, chromium, and molybdenum shall not exceed 1.00 % on heat analysis.
B
The sum of chromium, molybdenum and vanadium shall not exceed 0.32 % on heat analysis.
C
When specified.
D
Columbium and Niobium are alternate names for element 41 in the Periodic Table of the Elements.
ASTM A707/A707M-19
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2.6 ASME Standard: 4.1.1 Additional requirements (see Table 1 footnotes, 9.2.2,
B 16.5 Dimensional Standards for Steel Pipe Flanges and 9.3, 11.5, 17.1, and 21.1).
Flanged Fittings5
2.7 AWS Standards: 5. General Requirements
A 5.5 Low-Alloy Steel Covered Arc-Welding Electrodes6 5.1 Product furnished to this specification shall conform to
3. Terminology the requirements of Specification A961/A961M, including any
supplementary requirements that are indicated in the purchase
3.1 Definitions: order. Failure to comply with the general requirements of
3.1.1 flakes—short discontinuous internal fissures attributed Specification A961/A961M constitutes nonconformance with
to stresses produced by localized transformation and decreased this specification. In case of conflict between the requirements
solubility of hydrogen during cooling after hot working. of this specification and Specification A961/A961M, this
3.1.2 linear surface imperfection (or indication)—an imper- specification shall prevail.
fection or indication with a length at least three times its width.
6. Manufacture
4. Ordering Information
6.1 The steel shall meet the melting practice of Specification
4.1 It is the purchaser’s responsibility to specify in the A961/A961M.
purchase order all ordering information necessary to purchase
the needed material. In addition to the ordering information 6.2 The finished product shall be a forging as defined by 3
guide lines in Specification A961/A961M, orders should in- (only) of Specification A788/A788M.
clude the following information:
7. Heat Treatment
6
Available from American Welding Society (AWS), 550 NW LeJeune Rd., 7.1 After forging and before reheating for heat treatment,
Miami, FL 33126, http://www.aws.org. the forging shall be allowed to cool substantially below the

2
 A707/A707M − 19
transformation range. The method of cooling shall be such as 9.3 Specimens shall be obtained from the midwall of the
to ensure against the development of cracks, flakes, etc. thinnest section of the hub of the flange or 3⁄4 in. [19 mm] from
7.2 All material shall be heat treated by annealing, the surface of the test blank. The orientation of specimens
normalizing, precipitation hardening, quenching-and- taken from a flange shall be subject to agreement.
tempering, normalizing-and-tempering, normalizing-and-
precipitation hardening, or quenching-and-precipitation hard- 10. Hardness Requirements
ening. 10.1 A sufficient number of hardness measurements shall be
7.2.1 The procedures for the various heat treatments are as made to ensure that the hardness values are within the ranges
given in Specification A961/A961M except as defined in the prescribed in Table 2. The number of flanges to be tested shall
following: be as agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
7.2.1.1 Precipitation Hardening—Consists of heating to a The purchaser may verify that the requirement has been met by
temperature between 1000 and 1250°F [538 and 677°C], testing at any location on the flange, provided such testing does
holding at temperature for not less than 1⁄2 h, and then cooling not render the flange useless.
at any convenient rate.
11. Impact Requirements
8. Chemical Composition
11.1 The material in the weld neck shall conform to the
8.1 A chemical heat analysis in accordance with Specifica- requirements as to impact properties prescribed in Table 2 if
tion A961/A961M shall be made and conform to the require- the weld neck section is 1⁄4 in. [6 mm] or greater in thickness.
ments as to chemical composition prescribed in Table 1.
Leaded steels shall not be permitted. 11.2 For the purpose of determining conformance with
Table 2, specimens shall be obtained from production flanges
9. Mechanical Requirements after heat treatment or from separately forged test blanks
prepared from the stock used to make the forgings. Such test
9.1 The material in the weld neck shall conform to the blanks shall conform to the requirements of Specification
mechanical property requirements prescribed in Table 2. A961/A961M.
iTeh Standards
9.2 For the purpose of determining conformance with Table
2, mechanical testing requirements shall conform to Specifica-
11.3 Specimens shall be obtained from a location on the
flange or test blank that represents the midwall of the weld
tion A961/A961M.
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9.2.1 For flanges smaller than 24 in. [610 mm] in size, the
neck if the thickness of the weld neck is 2 in. [50 mm] or less.
If the thickness is greater than 2 in. [50 mm], the specimen

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forged test blanks shall be at least 2 in. [50 mm] wide by 2 in. location shall be midway between a surface and the center of
[50 mm] thick by 12 in. [300 mm] in length. The test thickness. Specimens taken from a flange shall be oriented
specimens shall be taken with their longitudinal axes parallel to longitudinally with respect to the bore of the flange.
the length of the test blank.
9.2.2 For flanges 24 in. [610 mm] and largerASTM 11.4 One test (three specimens) shall be made from each
A707/A707M-19
in size, the test
blank dimensions and orientation of test specimens with heat in each heat treatment charge.
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respect to the test blank shall be subject to agreement. 11.5 Unless otherwise specified, the test temperature shall
be as specified in Table 3.

TABLE 2 Mechanical Requirements 12. Product Analysis

Property Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Class 4 12.1 The purchaser may make a product analysis on flanges
Yield strengthA min, ksi [MPa] 42 52 60 75 supplied to this specification in accordance with Specification
[290] [360] [415] [515] A961/A961M.
Tensile strength, min, ksi [MPa] 60 66 75 90
[415] [455] [515] [620]
Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, 22 22 20 20
min, %
Reduction of area, min, % 40 40 40 40
Hardness, HBW 149–207 149–217 156–235 179–265 TABLE 3 Impact Test TemperaturesA
Test Temperature (Unless Otherwise
Cv energy absorption,B,C min, avg, 30 [41] 40 [54] 50 [68] 50 [68] Grade
Specified), °F [°C]
ft·lbf [J]
Cv energy absorption,B,D min, 24 [33] 32 [43] 40 [54] 40 [54] L1 −20 [−29]
ft·lbf [J] L2 −50 [−46]
A L3 −50 [−46]
0.2 % offset.
B L4 −80 [−62]
For a set of three full-size [10 by 10 mm] Charpy V-notch specimens. Acceptance
L5 −80 [−62]
values for sub-size specimens are reduced in proportion to the reduction in width
L6 −80 [−62]
of the specimen.
C L7 −100 [−73]
These requirements are intended to minimize fracture initiation. They are not
L8 −100 [−73]
intended to give assurance against fracture propagation. If minimization of fracture
A
propagation is of interest, consideration should be given to specifying Supplemen- These temperatures are the lowest test temperatures that are commonly
tary Requirement S4 at the operating temperature. acceptable by the producer. If the minimum design temperature is higher,
D
Minimum impact energy permitted for one specimen only of a set of three specifying the higher temperature as the test temperature will generally result in
specimens. increased availability of a specific grade in greater thicknesses.