SHS
COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT,
SOLIDARITY AND
CITIZENSHIP
First Quarter – Module
3:
FUNCTIONS OF COMMUNITY
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Community Engagement, Solidarity and Citizenship
Quarter 1 – Module 3: Functions of Community
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Regional Director: Gilbert T. Sadsad
Assistant Regional Director: Jessie L.
Amin
Development Team of the Module
Writer: Ma. Liezl L. Eva
Reviewers: Ariel D. Dreu
Editor: Divina M. Diaz, Ph.D.
Fatima D. Doma
Illustrator:
Layout Artist: John Paul D. Figueras
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TITLE/ INTRODUCTION
Hi there! Welcome to the third module!
My name is Alysha. Have you wondered what makes your
community unique? Are you familiar with the structures of your
community? How about the people who build your community?
Have you had the chance to get to know the people who are
the keepers of our community? How about you as a Filipino
youth, how are you going to contribute to your community? To
get to know our community better, let us know first our targets!
OBJECTIVES
(Analyze the functions of communities in terms of structures, dynamics, and
processes) (HUMSS_CSC12IIIa-c-5)
In this module you will learn how to:
1. explain the dynamics of your community by recognizing the people
who build the community;
2. assess the structures of your community, and
3. analyze the processes existing in your community.
VOCABULARY LIST
Let us have first the vocabulary list and pre-test for this
module. Make use of a separate sheet of paper in answering
the pre-test.
Aspects of Community- these include the structure existing in your community
which includes natural environment to the institutions made by man
Community- group of people in a particular area who are interacting to one
another
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Community Power- the capacity of the community to exercise control over
activities and seek ways to employ available resources
Influencer- the person with the most influence, who can lead others to achieve a
goal or accomplish a certain task
Leader- the person who has the responsibility of controlling or taking charge of a
particular
group
Leadership-the process and qualities of command and decisiveness with regard
to the necessary actions that ensure the welfare of the community
Social change- the changes that occur in the social order of a society. These are
related
to nature, social institutions, social behavior or social relations, cultural,
religious, economics, scientific or technological forces.
PRE-TEST
Direction. Carefully read and analyze each question. Choose the correct answer
from the given options. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Pertains to the population size, density, heterogeneity, changes and
development in an area.
a. Demographics
b. Geography and environmental influences
c. Health and welfare systems
d. Educational facilities and programs
2. The aspect of the community that looks at employment opportunities
exiting in the area.
a. Sources of Information and public opinion
b. Income distribution
c. Local economy and business
d. Housing
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3. A figure who is with direct relation with you through familial relations,
affinities or feeling of kinship, and social network.
a. Organization
b. Interrelationship
c. Legal authoritative decision-makers
d. Informal Power Structure
4. This person is usually appointed based on qualification, attitude or
other characteristics.
a. Influencer
b. Leader
c. Community Leader
d. Organization member
5. Refers to the changes that occur in the social order of society.
a. cultural change
b. social change
c. political change
d. technological change
LEARNING ACTIVITIES
Before we start our activity, let me share to you my story. I am Alysha, and
I’m seventeen years old. Just like you, I am still a Senior High School
student. I live in San Juan, Roro, Sorsogon City. Lately, I have this goal of
becoming a community leader so that I may contribute more to my
community. To be more precise, I would like to be a Sangguniang Kabataan
(SK) Chairman. But to be honest, I am not familiar with my own community,
its structure, dynamics, and processes. There are a lots of things that I
would like to know because I would love to work with other community
leaders and builders. How about you, do you like to be a community leader
yourself? Together, let us know first the
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Let’s Read!
TOPIC 1: Understanding Community through its Dynamics
Leaders are important figures that will guide the members to carry out
the plans in pursuit of the group’s objectives. The guidance of a good leader in
a group ensures the coherence of plans and better implementation of
programs.
In the Philippines, the government provides several levels of
leadership, from the president and vice-president, including other government
officials at the national and in the local levels such as mayors, congressmen,
and governors. They are appointed based on qualifications, attitude and most
often, through the votes of the residents. It is otherwise known as Formal
Power Structure because they are individuals from whose authority is based on
formal rules appointed by the government.
There are also people who are appointed because of their ability to lead,
direct or achieve without an official leadership title. They are known as Informal
Power Structure. They are popular to others as influencers who can lead others
with the most influence. Informal power comes, not from an official position,
but from the respect and appreciation one has earned from the members of a
group. This respect and appreciation allow the individual to influence his or her
peers in a way that others within the group cannot. Examples are managers,
supervisors, philanthropists, businessmen, producers and even employees who
lead their group as likable and charismatic leaders.
Legal authoritative decision-makers, on the other hand, are individuals or
bodies whose authority is based on formal rules and institutions. They are
appointed because of their intelligence, reputations, decision-making, dictation
from laws and policies and connections. Examples are the appointments made
by the president of the country through his/her Powers of Appointment as
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stated in the constitution or with the consent of the Commission on
Appointments like the heads of the executive departments, board of
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members and its leaders from any national government-related institutions,
ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, etc.
The aforementioned (3) power dynamics are part of individual dimensions of
community which could be:
1. Interrelationship- community leaders are with direct relation with you
through familial relations, affinities or feeling of kinship, and social
network, and
2. Organization- they could be part of an institution or an association,
that has a particular purpose in our community.
Hmmmmm….. I wonder if you really got the concepts!
Let’s have our first task that is on dynamics of community.
Task 1. Community Leaders, Community Builders!
Can you give me the power dynamics of the following community leaders as
well as their individual dimensions and a short description of the kind of work
Power Dynamics
they do in your community?
Individual Dimension
Job Description
a. Barangay Captain
Source: Edoria, Alejandro. “Looking back: The first barangay polls in PH.” Rappler, May 17,
2015
https://rappler.com/newsbreak/iq/first-philippine-barangay-elections-may-
1982
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Power Dynamics
Individual Dimension
b. Social Job Description
Workers
Source: Norwayblue. “Geriatric care manager and social workers,”deposit
photos, In white background, Vector Clipart 69726167, April 7, 2015
https://depositphotos.com/69726167/stock-illustration-geriatric-care-
manager-and- social.html
Power Dynamics
Individual Dimension
Job Description
c. Local farmer
Source: Soto, Cynde. “Farmers market clipart.” Pinterest.com. Accessed on June
17, 2020.
https://www.pinterest.co.uk/amp/pin/176977460333223470/
Well done! You’ve identified the roles played by those
community leaders as builders of our community.
Let us now be familiar with the characteristics of our
community by analyzing all of its aspects as part of the
structure. Then, let us assess the structure existing in our
community.
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Let’s Read!
TOPIC 2: Understanding the Community through its Structures
Awareness of the essential aspects of the community is necessary in aiding
the residents to reflect on ways to be positively involved in its improvement.
The poet John Donne famously said, “No man is an island,” referring to
humanity’s interconnectedness and the belief that humans are always social
beings.
Being aware of the structure of the community and exploring its aspects
will help you understand the necessary measures that should be undertaken to
serve as an active member of a community and as future leaders of the
community. The following are the aspects of community and the factors to
explore.
1. Local Politics
•Structure of government
•Decision-making power and control
•Major issues currently in debate
2. Demographics
•Population size (total number of people)
•Population density (ratio of people to the space they inhabit)
•Heterogeneity (the extent to which community members have diverse
characteristics)
•Ethnic groups
•Names given to various parts of the community
•Areas known for having their own characteristics (ex: industrial area,
blue collar families)
•Isolation from or closeness to other communities
•History of the area
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* Changes and development of the area
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3. Geography and environmental influence
the community’s physical environment
the community’s location and proximity to highways, bodies of water or
mountains
* existence of recreational areas concerns regarding environment
hazards such as pollution, power shortages, among others
4. Beliefs and Attitudes
cultural values, traditions and beliefs of various segments of the
population
spiritual and political values of the residents
available social agencies and the help they can extend
perceptions of residents as part of the community.
5. Local economy and businesses
•businesses, factories and other sources of employment that characterize the
community
•nature of business (owned by local residents or government)
6. Income distribution
•public assistance benefits available to residents
•median income level of residents
•income levels and corresponding percentage of population.
7. Housing
•housing conditions
•population density
•types of housing
•ownership and status of houses (rental, real estate, etc)
8. Educational facilities and programs
•education system
•extent of community support
•existence of public and private schools
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•adherence to intended curriculum of the Department of Education
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• attention to special population (e.g., children with special needs) and to
cultural differences.
• extent to which education brings out the best in the children (participation
in competitions, profile of graduates, training students holistically)
•adequate preparation for adults to enter the labor force
9. Health and Welfare Systems
•adequate numbers of health professionals and specialists
•social service programs
•respect of service providers to the needs and values of minority populations
•availability of fire and police protection
•safety of the environment
•the residents’ view on public safety and justice system.
10. Sources of information and public opinion
• presence of TV and radio stations and newspapers which provide the people
information and perspectives on current events
•community organizations’ capacity to update residents on important
information
•the capacity of the sources of information to enhance the residents’ skills
to promote positive change
•the presence of community leaders who speak for various marginalized
subgroups.
11. Summary Assessment of Community Issues
•overall assessment of community’s functioning
•dealing with social problems (youth gangs, poverty, abuse)
•gaps in social, health care, and other community and educational services
Task 2. My Knowledge on my Community
Let us be specific in describing your community by writing a short
information on the following aspects of a community. Please choose one
factor to explore and write your answer. The first one is done for you.
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Aspects Factors to Explore (Write the name of your community)
e.g. Brgy. San Juan, Roro, Sorsogon
City
Demographics Names given to Names given to various parts of the
various parts of community- Iraya, Ilawod and
the community Tinago are the names given to the
different areas of Brgy. San Juan,
Roro. Villa Allegre is also the name
called to those living in a housing
subdivision near Iraya part of the
said barangay. It is also divided
into
encabuhans (purok).
Geography .
and
environmenta
l influence
Beliefs
and
Attitudes
Local Politics
Local
economy and
businesses
Income
distribution
Housing
Educational
Facilities
and
programs
Health and
Welfare
Systems
Sources of
information
and public
opinion
Summary
Assessment of
Community
Issues
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Great job! In your own simple way, you have just
conducted an environmental scanning.
Becoming familiar with our community is important for
us future community leaders to make use of existing
structure and solve problems that besiege us and that
specific structure.
Let us now discuss about the process of the community.
Then, let us answer task 3 that depicts about a social
issue that post as a challenge for all of us.
Let’s Read!
TOPIC 3: Understanding Community through its Process
A leader is an important figure in the community. Leaders must possess
important characteristics such as:
1. Effective Communication
-an open communication is highly recommended for leaders and their
constituents. There should be free access to important information
concerning social issues and public matters.
2.Development of Social Capital Building
- developing a resilient capital is among the most important contributors
to successful community leadership.
3.Community Engagement
- it is important to encourage young leaders to participate so that they
are ready to take over when the time comes.
4.Collaboration
- leaders should learn to “build bridges” and develop networks among
community leaders within the diverse fields.
These major components of being a better leader will help improve
communities by effecting positive social change, improve the relationships of
their residents as well as build community power.
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Community Power is the capacity of the community to exercise control over
activities and seek ways to employ available resources to establish a stronger
and successful community. The diagram below presents some ways for a
community to build power.
Civic Involvement in Citizen's voice in
identifying important public prioritization
issues and decision-making
How to
build
Community
Power
Developing
structures or systems Shared leadership/
for shared power and leadership
decision- making development
planning
Task 3. This is it! the process of my community
Conduct an interview with the people in your community using social media
applications
e.g. facebook, twitter or thru text on the status of your community in its fight
against COVID
19. Identify at least two (2) aspects of community, the community leaders
who are working in line with the resources available from the said aspects
and their initiatives in using the said aspect to eliminate problems brought by
the mentioned pandemic.
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Programs
Aspect of Community Community Leaders Implemented/
Initiatives of
Community Leaders
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Ponder on this:
1. Why do you think it is important for them to collaborate?
2. What are the changes brought by them working hand in hand together?
3. How do you think their awareness of their community structure
help them to function as leaders?
Let's Write!
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Well done! You’ve learned the importance of those
community leaders especially in promoting positive social
change. Now, I am confident that I really would like to
pursue my dreams to become just like them.
POST-TEST
A. Below are statements with jumbled words based on the previous
discussion. Try to remember each concept by looking into the jumbled
words. Have fun!
1. MMUNICOTY ROEWP
-capacity of the community to exercise control over activities and seek ways to
employ available resources to establish a stronger and successful community.
2. CONMIMUTY CUSTRURET
- this encompasses the various aspects in the community which includes
demographics, geography and environmental influences, beliefs and
attitudes and the likes.
3. ABCOLLARNIOTO
-one of the essential characteristics of leaders to be developed is that they
build bridges and develop networks among community leaders in the
different fields.
4. MARFOL ROWEP EURCTURST
- they are appointed based on qualifications, attitude and most often, through
the votes of the residents
5. GANITIONROAZ
- they could be part of an institution or an association that has a particular
purpose in our community.
B. Read and analyze the statements below. Write the word TRUE if
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statements are correct and FALSE if it is incorrect.
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6. Teachers, soldiers, and other government employees are
examples of Formal Power Structure.
7. Legal authoritative decision-makers leads their group as
likable and charismatic leaders. They are also known as
influencers.
8. One factor to explore in income distribution is the public
assistance benefits available to residents.
9. Community Power will be achieved only if community leaders
collaborate with each other.
10. Effective communication is the most essential characteristic of a
community leader.
ASSIGNMENT
Me as a Future Community Leader!
Envision yourself as community leader in the future. How are you going to
contribute as an effective community leader to effect positive social change
and improve your community power? Express your thoughts by making a
poster. Please be guided with the rubric below and the identified elements that
should be present. This will serve as your performance task.
Make a poster which would reflect the following elements:
a. You as one of the community leaders that show your role/work in the
community
b. The power dynamics that you possess as a leader as well as your
individual dimension
c. Choose at least one (1) structure you will use/improve in the future that
will make a great impact to people in the community
d. Describe yourself as a leader in maintaining relationships with people
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Rubrics for the Poster
Category 4 3 2 1
Required The poster All All but 1 of Several
Elements includes required the required required
all elements elements are elements
required are included on were
elements included the poster missing
as well as on the
additiona poster
l
informati
on
Graphics- All graphics All graphics Several Few
Relevance are related to are related graphics graphics
the topic and to the topic are related are related
make it and most to the to the
easier to make it topic. topic.
understand easier to
understa
nd
Content - At least 8 5-6 4-3 Less than 2
Accuracy accurate accurate accurate accurate
facts are facts are facts are facts are
illustrated on illustrated illustrated illustrated
the poster on the on the on the
poster poster poster
Attractiveness The poster is The poster The poster The poster
exceptionally is is is
attractive in attractive acceptably distractingly
terms of in terms of attractive messy or
design, design, though it very poorly
layout, and layout, and may be a bit designed
neatness neatness messy
Mechanics Capitalization There is 1 There are 2 There are
and error in errors in more than
punctuation capitalizati capitalization 2 errors in
are correct on and and capitalizati
throughout punctuatio punctuation on and
the poster n punctuatio
n
Grammar There are no There is There are two There are
grammatical one grammatical more than
mistakes on grammatic mistakes on two
the poster al mistake the poster grammatical
on the mistakes on
poster the poster
Source: Shane02, Gyeonggi-Suwon International School “Poster-
rubric Ancient Civilizations.” Published on February 10, 2012
at Slideshare.
https://www.slideshare.net/shane02/posterrubric-ancient-
civilizations
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Congratulations! You completed Module 3
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