NAME – KRISH KEVADIYA

Subject- joy of programming

Enrolment – 24SE02ME008
Subject Code – SECE1120
Q.1 Write a program for checking leap year.

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
int year;
printf("Enter a year: ");
scanf("%d", &year);

if (year % 4 == 0 && (year % 100 != 0 || year % 400 == 0)) {

printf("%d is a leap year.\n", year);
} else {
printf("%d is not a leap year.\n", year);
}
return 0;
}

Q.2 Write a program for factorial of a number.

➔
#include <stdio.h>

int factorial(int n) {
 if (n == 0) return 1;
return n * factorial(n - 1);
}
int main() {
int num;
printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%d", &num);

printf("Factorial of %d is %d\n", num, factorial(num));

return 0;
}

Q.3 Write a program for checking number is palindrome or not.

➔
#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
int num, reversed = 0, original, remainder;
printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%d", &num);
original = num;

while (num != 0) {
 remainder = num % 10;
reversed = reversed * 10 + remainder;
num /= 10;
}

if (original == reversed) {
printf("%d is a palindrome.\n", original);

} else {
printf("%d is not a palindrome.\n", original);
}
return 0;
}

Q.4 Write a program for Fibonacci series.

➔
#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
int n, t1 = 0, t2 = 1, nextTerm;
printf("Enter the number of terms: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
 for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
printf("%d ", t1);
nextTerm = t1 + t2;
t1 = t2;
t2 = nextTerm;
}
return 0;
}

Q.5 Write a program for printing multiplication table of 5 using for loop.

➔
#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
printf("5 x %d = %d\n", i, 5 * i);
}
return 0;
}

Q.6 Write a program for printing prime numbers between range of 1 to 100

➔
 #include <stdio.h>
#include <stdbool.h>

int main() {
for (int num = 2; num <= 100; num++) {
bool isPrime = true;
for (int i = 2; i * i <= num; i++) {
if (num % i == 0) {
isPrime = false;
break;
}
}
if (isPrime) printf("%d ", num);

}
return 0;
}

Q.7 Write a program to print an array in reverse order.

➔
#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
 int n;
printf("Enter the size of the array: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
int arr[n];

printf("Enter the elements of the array:\n");

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
scanf("%d", &arr[i]);
}

printf("Array in reverse order:\n");

for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
printf("%d ", arr[i]);
}
return 0;
}

Q.8 Write a program to calculate the sum of an array.

➔
#include <stdio.h>
 int main() {
int n, i, sum = 0;

printf("Enter the number of elements in the array: ");

scanf("%d", &n);

int arr[n]; // Declare the array of size n

printf("Enter the elements of the array:\n");

for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {

scanf("%d", &arr[i]);
}

for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {

sum += arr[i];
}
printf("The sum of the array elements is: %d\n", sum);

return 0;
}

Q.9 Write a program to calculate average of an array

 ➔
#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
int n;
float sum = 0.0, average;

printf("Enter the size of the array: ");

scanf("%d", &n);

int arr[n];
printf("Enter the elements of the array:\n");
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
scanf("%d", &arr[i]);
sum += arr[i];
}
average = sum / n;
printf("The average of the array elements is: %.2f\n",
average);
return 0;
}

Q.10 Write a program to find the largest element of an array.

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

int n;

printf("Enter the size of the array: ");

scanf("%d", &n);

int arr[n];
printf("Enter the elements of the array:\n");
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
scanf("%d", &arr[i]);
}

int max = arr[0];

for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
if (arr[i] > max) {
max = arr[i];
}
}

printf("The largest element in the array is: %d\n", max);

return 0;
 }

Q.11 Write a program to find the second largest element of an array.

➔
#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
int n;

printf("Enter the size of the array (must be at least 2): ");

scanf("%d", &n);

if (n < 2) {
printf("Array size must be at least 2.\n");
return 1;
}

int arr[n];

printf("Enter the elements of the array:\n");

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
scanf("%d", &arr[i]);
}
 int first = arr[0], second = -1;

for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {

if (arr[i] > first) {
second = first;
first = arr[i];
} else if (arr[i] > second && arr[i] < first) {
second = arr[i];
}
}

if (second == -1) {
printf("There is no distinct second largest
element.\n");
} else {
printf("The second largest element in the array is:
%d\n", second);
}

return 0;
}
Q.12 Write a program to concatenate two arrays.
➔
#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
int n1, n2;

printf("Enter the size of the first array: ");

scanf("%d", &n1);
int arr1[n1];
printf("Enter the elements of the first array:\n");
for (int i = 0; i < n1; i++) {
scanf("%d", &arr1[i]);

printf("Enter the size of the second array: ");

scanf("%d", &n2);
int arr2[n2];
printf("Enter the elements of the second array:\n");
for (int i = 0; i < n2; i++) {
scanf("%d", &arr2[i]);
}

int result[n1 + n2];

 for (int i = 0; i < n1; i++) {
result[i] = arr1[i];
}
for (int i = 0; i < n2; i++) {
result[n1 + i] = arr2[i];
}

printf("Concatenated array:\n");
for (int i = 0; i < n1 + n2; i++) {
printf("%d ", result[i]);
}
printf("\n");

return 0;
}

Q.13 Write a program to perform matrix addition and store the result
in third array and display it.

➔
#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
int rows, cols;
 printf("Enter the number of rows and columns of the
matrices: ");
scanf("%d %d", &rows, &cols);

int matrix1[rows][cols], matrix2[rows][cols],

result[rows][cols];

printf("Enter elements of the first matrix:\n");

for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {
printf("Element [%d][%d]: ", i, j);
scanf("%d", &matrix1[i][j]);
}
}

printf("Enter elements of the second matrix:\n");

for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {

printf("Element [%d][%d]: ", i, j);
scanf("%d", &matrix2[i][j]);
}
}
 for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {
result[i][j] = matrix1[i][j] + matrix2[i][j];

}
}

printf("Resultant matrix after addition:\n");

for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {
printf("%d ", result[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}

return 0;
}

Q.14 Write a program to perform matrix multiplication and store the

result in third array and display it.

➔
#include <stdio.h>
 #define MAX 10 // Maximum size for matrices

void multiplyMatrices(int matrix1[MAX][MAX], int

matrix2[MAX][MAX], int result[MAX][MAX], int rows1,
int cols1, int cols2) {
for (int i = 0; i < rows1; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < cols2; j++) {
result[i][j] = 0;
}
}

for (int i = 0; i < rows1; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < cols2; j++) {
for (int k = 0; k < cols1; k++) {
result[i][j] += matrix1[i][k] * matrix2[k][j];
}
}
}
}

void displayMatrix(int matrix[MAX][MAX], int rows, int cols) {

for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {
printf("%d ", matrix[i][j]);
 }
printf("\n");
}
}

int main() {
int matrix1[MAX][MAX], matrix2[MAX][MAX],
result[MAX][MAX];
int rows1, cols1, rows2, cols2;

printf("Enter rows and columns for the first matrix:

");
scanf("%d %d", &rows1, &cols1);

printf("Enter rows and columns for the second

matrix: ");
scanf("%d %d", &rows2, &cols2);

if (cols1 != rows2) {
printf("Matrix multiplication is not possible with the
given dimensions.\n");

return 1;
}
 printf("Enter elements of the first matrix:\n");
for (int i = 0; i < rows1; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < cols1; j++) {
scanf("%d", &matrix1[i][j]);
}

printf("Enter elements of the second matrix:\n");

for (int i = 0; i < rows2; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < cols2; j++) {
scanf("%d", &matrix2[i][j]);
}
}

multiplyMatrices(matrix1, matrix2, result, rows1,

cols1, cols2);

printf("Result of matrix multiplication:\n");

displayMatrix(result, rows1, cols2);

return 0;
}
Q.15 Write a program to find the length of the string using library
functions.
 ➔
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

int main() {
char str[100];

printf("Enter a string: ");

fgets(str, sizeof(str), stdin);

int length = strlen(str);

if (str[length - 1] == '\n') {
length--; // Decrease length to ignore the newline
character
}
printf("The length of the string is: %d\n", length);

return 0;
}
Q.16 Write a program to find the length of the sting without using
library functions.

➔
#include <stdio.h>
 int stringLength(char str[]) {
int length = 0;

while (str[length] != '\0') {

length++;
}
return length;
}
int main() {
char str[100];

printf("Enter a string: ");

fgets(str, sizeof(str), stdin);

int length = stringLength(str);

printf("The length of the string is: %d\n", length);

return 0;
}

Q.17 Write a program in C to count the total number of alphabets

digits and special characters in C.
➔
#include <stdio.h>

void countCharacters(char str[], int *alphabets, int *digits, int

*specialChars) {
int i = 0;
*alphabets = *digits = *specialChars = 0;
while (str[i] != '\0') {
if ((str[i] >= 'A' && str[i] <= 'Z') || (str[i] >= 'a' && str[i]
<= 'z')) {
(*alphabets)++; } else if (str[i] >= '0' && str[i] <=
'9') {
(*digits)++; } else if (str[i] != '\n') {
(*specialChars)++; }
i++;
}
}

int main() {
char str[100];
int alphabets, digits, specialChars;

printf("Enter a string: ");

fgets(str, sizeof(str), stdin);
countCharacters(str, &alphabets, &digits, &specialChars);
 printf("Total Alphabets: %d\n", alphabets);
printf("Total Digits: %d\n", digits);
printf("Total Special Characters: %d\n", specialChars);

return 0;
}

Q.18 Write a program to concatenate two strings without using string

library functions.

➔
#include <stdio.h>

void concatenateStrings(char str1[], char str2[]) {

int i = 0, j = 0;

while (str1[i] != '\0') {

i++;
}

while (str2[j] != '\0') {

str1[i] = str2[j];
I++;
j++;
 }

str1[i] = '\0';
}

int main() {
char str1[100], str2[50];

printf("Enter the first string: ");

fgets(str1, sizeof(str1), stdin);

printf("Enter the second string: ");

fgets(str2, sizeof(str2), stdin);

int len1 = 0;
while (str1[len1] != '\0') len1++;
if (str1[len1 - 1] == '\n') {
str1[len1 - 1] = '\0'; }

int len2 = 0;
while (str2[len2] != '\0') len2++;
if (str2[len2 - 1] == '\n') {
str2[len2 - 1] = '\0';
}
 concatenateStrings(str1, str2);

printf("The concatenated string is: %s\n", str1);

return 0;
}

Q.19 Write a program in C to sort a string array in ascending order.

➔
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

void sortStrings(char arr[][100], int n) {

char temp[100];

for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {

for (int j = i + 1; j < n; j++) {
if (strcmp(arr[i], arr[j]) > 0) {
strcpy(temp, arr[i]);
strcpy(arr[i], arr[j]);
strcpy(arr[j], temp);
}
}
 }
}

int main() {
int n;
printf("Enter number of strings: ");
scanf("%d", &n);

char arr[n][100];
printf("Enter %d strings:\n", n);
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
scanf("%s", arr[i]);
}

sortStrings(arr, n);

printf("\nStrings in ascending order:\n");

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
printf("%s\n", arr[i]);
}

return 0;
}
Q.20 Write a program to explain the concept of function in C with the
help of an example.

➔
#include <stdio.h>
int add(int a, int b);

int main() {
int num1, num2, sum;

printf("Enter two numbers: ");

scanf("%d %d", &num1, &num2);

sum = add(num1, num2);

printf("The sum of %d and %d is %d\n", num1, num2,

sum);

return 0;
}

int add(int a, int b) {

return a + b;
}