Spelling Error
Spelling Error
SIR odia 18
                                                  Chapter
                                        Spelling Error
Some Spelling Rules                                              lone          +ly         =lonely
                                                                 move          +ment       =movement
There is no royal road to spelling. The first thing to do
                                                             (b) After ‘c’ or ‘g’, if the suffix begins with ‘a’ or ‘o’, the
is to find out exactly what kind of error you make in
                                                             ‘e’ is retained to indicate the soft sound of ‘c’ or ‘g’.
spelling. Form the habit of looking carefully and
                                                             (eg, –ous, –able). For example,
precisely at these words. Bear in mind the correct
pronunciation of those words. A few simple rules of              advantage     +ous        =advantageous
spelling are given below:                                        change        +able       =changeable
                                                                 courage       +ous        =courageous
 Rule 1                                                          manage        +able       =manageable
                                                                 notice        +able       =noticeable
Words ending in silent ‘e’ usually drop the silent ‘e’
                                                                 outrage       +ous        =outrageous
before adding vowel suffix. (eg, -ing, -able, -ary, -ous
                                                                 peace         +able       =peaceable
etc) as given below:
                                                                 service       +able       =serviceable
Drop ‘e’                                                         trace         +able       =traceable
    admire      +ation     =admiration
    admire      +able      =admirable                         Rule 2
    allure      +ing       =alluring                         Words ending in ‘ee’ or ‘oo’ add suffixes without
    arrange     +ing       =arranging                        changes. For example,
    arrive      +ing       =arriving
    become      +ing       =becoming                             agree         +able       =agreeable
    care        +ing       =caring                               coo           +ing        =cooing
    come        +ing       =coming                               flee          +ing        =fleeing
    compare     +able      =comparable                           glee          +ful        =gleeful
    imagine     +able      =imaginable                           se e          +ing        =seeing
    desire      +ous       =desirous                             woo           +ing        =wooing
    deplore     +able      =deplorable
    dine        +ing       =dining
    divide      +ing       =dividing                         Words ending in a consonant preceded by two vowels
    explore     +ation     =exploration                      do not double the final consonant before a suffix
    fame        +ous       =famous                           beginning with a vowel. For example,
    give        +ing       =giving
    hope        +ing       =hoping                               boor          +ish        =boorish
    imagine     +ary       =imaginary                            cook          +ing        =cooking
    live        +ing       =living                               cool          +ing        =cooling
    love        +able      =lovable                              look          +ing        =looking
    lose        +ing       =losing                               meet          +ing        =meeting
    move        +able      =movable                              repeat        +able       =repeatable
    name        +ing       =naming                               shout         +ed         =shouted
    note        +ed        =noted                                teem          +ing        =teeming
Exceptions:                                                   Rule 4
(a) The ‘e’ is retained when a suffix beginning with a
consonant letter (eg, -ment, -ful) is added. For example,    When a suffix that begins with a consonant is added
     arrange      +ment    =arrangement                      to a word that ends in silent ‘e’ the ‘e’ is with a few
     care         +ful     =careful                          exceptions, retained as given below:
     extreme      +ly      =extremely                        (a) When the suffix ‘-ly’ is added to an adjective that
     force        +ful     =forceful                         ends in silent ‘e’ the ‘e’ is usually retained. For
     hate         +ful     =hateful                          example,
     like         +ne ss   =likeness
222 English Language and Comprehension                                                                    Spelling Error
(d) The suffix -ed, past tense and past participle                    level             levelled          leveller
    beg       begged                 map       mapped                 pedal             pedalled          pedalling
    drag      dragged                rag       ragged                 travel            travelled         traveller
    drop      dropped                rub       rubbed             Exception:
    fit       fitted                 sin       sinned                 parallel          paralleled
    hop       hopped                 strap     strapped
                                                                  (f) If the stress is on the first syllable, and if the verb
(e) The suffix -y, making adjectives from nouns                   ends in ‘-ap’ or ‘ip’, the final consonant is doubled.
    fog       foggy                  mud       muddy              For example,
    fun       funny                  sun       sunny                  kidnap            kidnapped         kidnapper
                                                                      worship           worshipped        worshipper
 Rule 7
In a word of one syllable, the final consonant is not             Rule 9
doubled before a suffix beginning with a consonant.               Words of more than one syllable, ending in a single
For example,                                                      consonant preceded by a single vowel, if not accented
    fat       fatness                man       manhood            on the last syllable, usually do not double the final
    fit       fitful                 sad       sadness            consonant before a suffix beginning with a vowel. For
    glad      gladness               sin       sinful             example,
                                                                     bigot       bigoted         despot         despotic
 Rule 8                                                              redden      reddened        rivet          riveted.
(a) Words of more than one syllable, ending in a single           Exceptions:
consonant preceded by a single vowel, if accented on
                                                                  There are words having two syllables almost equally
the last syllable, usually double the final consonant
                                                                  accepted. In such a situation this rule is not applied.
before adding a vowel suffix. For example,
                                                                  For example,
   admit       admitted         admitting       admittance           handicap handicapped        outfit         outfitted
   control     controlled       controlling     controller
   regret      regretted        regretting      regrettable       Rule 10
   forbid      forbidden        forbidding
   forget      forgotten        forgetting                        When a verb ends in ‘y’ with a consonant preceding
   prefer      preferred        preferring                        it, the ‘y’ becomes ‘i’ before the suffixes ‘-es’ and ‘-ed’.
                                                                  They remain unchanged before the suffix ‘-ing’. For
(b) When adding a suffix in words of more than one
                                                                  example,
syllable, the accent is shifted to a preceding syllable,
the foregoing rule does not apply.                                   bury        buries          buried         burying
                                                                     carry       carries         carried        carrying
   infer       inference        combat          combative
                                                                     copy        copies          copied         copying
Exception:                                                           defy        defies          defied         defying
   excel       excellence       excellent                            deny        denies          denied         denying
                                                                     hurry       hurries         hurried        hurrying
(c) In words of more than one syllable, the final
                                                                     marry       marries         married        marrying
consonant is not doubled before a suffix beginning
                                                                     multiply    multiplies      multiplied     multiplying
with a consonant. For example,
                                                                     pity        pities          pitied         pitying
   equip       equipment        profit          profitless           rely        relies          relied         relying
   regret      regretful        unfit           unfitness            reply       replies         replied        replying
(d) The final consonant is not doubled if the stress is              satisfy     satisfies       satisfied      satisfying
on the first syllable and if the verb ends in ‘-en’ or ‘-            study       studies         studied        studying
er’. For example,                                                    try         tries           tried          trying
 Rule 13                                                         Rule 19
When a noun or adjective ends in ‘y’ with a consonant            In words with ‘ie’ or ‘ei’ when the sound is long ‘ee’,
preceding the ‘y’ usually becomes ‘i’ when a suffix is           use ‘i’ before ‘e’ except after ‘c’. For example,
added. For example,                                                achieve      chief         niece          shield
   dry       drier     driest        drily                         belief       cashier       piece          shriek
   happy     happier happiest        happily    happiness          believe      field         pierce         siege
   pity      pitiful   pitiless      plenty     plentiful          brief        fierce        priest         thief
   tidy      tidier    tidiest       tidily     tidiness           besiege      grief         relieve        wield
   twenty    twentieth                                           But,
                                                                 ceiling, conceive, conceit, deceit, deceive, perceive,
 Rule 14                                                         receipt, receive
Words ending in ‘y’ preceded by a consonant, use ‘i’             Exception:
instead of ‘y’ before additions other than those                 either, financier, leisure, neither, seize, species
beginning with ‘i’. For example,
                                                                 Words Commonly Misspelt
   beauty      beautiful        happy           happiness
   deny        denial           justify         justifies
                                                                 (1) Compound words with a hyphen:
   fly         flier            study           studious
                                                                 birth-rate         home-made           self-regard
 Rule 15                                                         boarding-house     kick-off            self-respect
                                                                 by-product         old-fashioned       semi-independent
Words ending in ‘n’ do not drop the ‘n’ before adding            copy-book          pre-existence       semi-invalid
the suffix ‘-ness’. For example,                                 dog-tired          pocket-knife        stumbling-block
   clean       cleanness        green           greenness        ex-president       printing-house      tongue-tied
                                                                 fellow-citizen     quarter-mile        vice-president
 Rule 16                                                         football-player    re-echo             well-being
                                                                 half-dozen         self-made           working-man
If the adjective ends in ‘l’, the adverb formed by adding
‘ly’ will contain two l’s immediately before the ‘y’. For        (2) Compound words without a hyphen:
example,                                                           afterwards        gatekeeper         posthumous
   cool        coolly           final           finally            almost            handwriting        postman
   formal      formally         hopeful         hopefully          already           herewith           riverside
   real        really           useful          usefully           anybody           householder        schoolboy
                                                                   anyhow            however            shoemaker
 Rule 17                                                           anyone            indoors            somebody
                                                                   anything          into               somehow
If the adjective does not ends in ‘l’, the adverb formed
                                                                   anywhere          lifetime           someone
by adding ‘ly’ will contain only one ‘l’ immediately
                                                                   birthday          lighthouse         something
before the ‘y’. For example,
                                                                   cannot            meanwhile          sometimes
   evident     evidently        grim            grimly             childlike         midnight           somewhat
   fluent      fluently         quick           quickly            copyright         moonlight          threadbare
                                                                   downfall          moreover           throughout
Spelling Error                                  English Language and Comprehension 225
                                              Exercise
                                             SIRODIA    - 22
                                                     mCqs-
                                   in an ext remely noisy and            126. c; The correct spelling is ‘mischievous’ that means
                                   violent way in public, usually                ‘enjoying playing tricks and annoying people’.
                                   in a group.                                   Precarious = not safe or certain; dangerous;
105. b;     The correct spelling is ‘illicit’, that means ‘not                                         likely to fall or cause somebody
            allowed by the law’ ; ‘not approved of by the normal                                       to fall
            rules of society’.                                                   Licentious = behav ing in a way t hat is
            Imminent = (especially               of      somet hing                                    considered sexually immoral
                                unpleasant) likely to happen very        127. b; The correct spelling is ‘opening’.
                                soon                                     128. d; The correct spelling is ‘handkerchief’.
106. d;     The correct spelling is ‘teetotaller’, that means ‘a         129. d; The correct spelling is ‘judgement’.
            person who does not drink alcohol’.                                  Impediment = something that delays or stops
107.   c;   The correct spelling is ‘advertise’.                                                         the progress of something
108.   c;   The correct spelling is ‘usable’.                                    Merriment            = happy talk, enjoyment and the
109.   b;   The correct spelling is ‘illiterate’.                                                        sound of people laughing
110.   d;   The correct spelling is ‘discipline’.                        130. d; The correct spelling is ‘grammar’.
            Ki ln       = a lar ge oven for baking clay and                      Simmer = the state when something is almost
                           bricks, drying wood and grain etc.                                      boiling
            M u s l i n = a t ype of fine cotton clot h that is          131. c; The correct spelling is ‘applause’ which means
                           almost transparent, used especially in                ‘the noise made by a group of people clapping their
                           t he past , f or making clot hes and                  hands and sometimes s houting to show their
                           curtains.                                             approval or enjoyment’.
111. d;     The correct spelling is ‘perceive’.                                  Accomplice = a person who helps another to
            Conceit = too much price in yourself and what                                               commit a crime or t o do
                              you do; a clev er expr ession in                                          something wrong
                              writing or speech that involves a          132. b; The correct spelling is ‘accommodation’
                              comparison between two things                      Callous = not caring about ot her people’s
112. a;     The cor rect spelling is ‘siege’, t hat means ‘a                                     feelings or suffering
            situation in which the police surround a building            133. d; The correct spelling is ‘description’.
            where people were living or hiding, in order to make                 Ecstasy        = a feeling or state of very great
            them come out’.                                                                          happiness
113. b;     The correct spelling is ‘personnel’.                                 Glimpse        = a look at somebody/something for
114. d;     The cor rect spelling is ‘subtle’ which means                                            a very short time, when you do not
            ‘behaving in a clever way, and using indirect methods,                                   see the person or thing completely
            in order to achieve something’.                              134. c; The correct spelling is ‘vehicle’.
            Thrif t = the habit of saving money and spending                     Mystical = having spiritual powers or qualities
                         it carefully so that none is wasted                                         that are difficult to understand or
115. d;     The correct spelling is ‘beautiful’.                                                     to explain
            Beetle = to move somewhere quickly; an insect,               135. c; The correct spelling is ‘benefited’.
                          often large and black, with a hard case                Remit = to send money etc to a person or place
                          on its back, covering its wings                136. b; The corr ect spelling is ‘cerebral’ that means
116. b;     The correct spelling is ‘ankle’.                                     ‘relating to the brain’.
117. c;     The correct spelling is ‘ludicrous ’ that means                   a; The correct spelling is ‘mischievous’ that means
            ‘unreasonable’; ‘that you cannot take seriously’;                    ‘enjoying playing tricks and annoying people’.
            ‘absurd’; ‘ridiculous’.                                              Miscreant                = a per son who has done
118. b;     The correct spelling is ‘daffodil’.                                                             something wrong or illegal
            Dainty = small and delicate in a way that people                     Misdemeanour = an action t hat is bad or
                           find attractive                                                                  unacceptable, but not very
119. c;     The correct spelling is ‘alright’.                                                              serious
120. a;     The correct spelling is ‘copious’ which means ‘in                    Miserable                = v ery       unhappy          or
            large amounts’; ‘abundant’.                                                                     uncomfortable
            Caption            = words      that    ar e    pr int ed    138. d; The correct spelling is ‘headquarters’.
                                 underneath a picture, cartoon,          139. b; The correct spelling is ‘maintenance’.
                                 etc that explain or describe it                 Appraise = to make a formal judgement about
            Capricious = showing sudden changes in                                                the value of a person’s work, usually
                                 at tit ude    or       behav iour ;                              after a discussion with them about
                                 unpr edict able;         changing                                it
                                 suddenly and quickly.                   140. b; The correct spelling is ‘nuisance’ that means ‘a
121. b;     The correct spelling is ‘beginner’.                                  thing, person or situation that is annoying or causes
122. d;     The correct spelling is ‘gaiety’ which means ‘the                    trouble or problems’.
            state of being cheerful and full of fun’.                            Numismatics =               t he st udy of coins and
            Piety = the state of having or showing a deep                                                    medals
                        r espect f or somebody/somet hing,               141. b; The correct spelling is ‘demise’ that means ‘death’;
                        especially for god and religion                          ‘the end or failure of an institution, an idea, a company,
123. c;     The correct spelling is ‘magnificent’.                               etc’
124. d;     The correct spelling is ‘approach’.                          142. a; The correct spelling is ‘repetition’.
125. a;     The correct spelling is ‘jewellery’.
240 English Language and Comprehension                                                                                  Spelling Error
            Renunciation          = the act of rejecting physical                     Abdominal         = relating to or connected with the
                                    pleasur es especially for                                              abdomen
                                    religious reasons                     162. b;     The correct spelling is ‘impostor’ which means ‘a
            Recitation            = an act of saying a piece of                       person who pretends to be somebody else in order to
                                    poetry or literature that you                     trick people.’
                                    have learned to an audience                       Impregnable          = str ong and impossible t o
            Recapitulate          = to repeat or give a summary                                              defeat or change; inv inci-
                                    of what has alr eady been                                                ble; an impregnable building
                                    said, decided etc                                                        is so str ongly built that it
143.   d;   The correct spelling is ‘temporary’.                                                             cannot be entered by force
144.   c;   The correct spelling is ‘lieutenant’                                      Implausible          = not seeming reasonable or
145.   b;   The correct spelling is ‘aeroplane’                                                              likely to be true
146.   c;   The correct spelling is ‘demolish’                                        Improbable           = not likely t o be tr ue or to
147.   b;   The correct spelling is ‘fratricide’ that means ‘the                                             happen; unlikely
            crime of killing of your brother or sister’.                  163. d;     The correct spelling is ‘reproach’ that means ‘blame
            Frenzy = a state of great activity and strong                             or criticism for something you have done’.
                          emot ion t hat is oft en v iolent or            164. c;     The correct spelling is ‘altogether’.
                          frightening and not undercontrol                            Al lu si on = something that is said or written
148. a;     The correct spelling is ‘ceiling’.                                                         that refers to or mentions another
149. a;     The correct spelling is ‘abscess’ that means ‘a                                            person or subject in an indirect
            swollen and infected area on your skin or in your                                          way.
            body, full of thick yellowish liquid (called pus)’            165.   d;   The correct spelling is ‘definition’.
            Abstinence = t he pract ice of not allowing                   166.   b;   The correct spelling is ‘receipt’.
                                  yourself something especially           167.   d;   The correct spelling is ‘enthusiastic’.
                                  food, alcoholic drinks or sex,          168.   c;   The correct spelling is ‘occasion’.
                                  for moral, religious or health                      Evasion = the act of avoiding somebody or of
                                  reasons                                                            avoiding somet hing that you ar e
150. c;     The correct spelling is ‘hypocrisy’ that means                                           supposed to do
            ‘behaviour in which somebody pretends to have moral                       Ovation = enthusiast ic           clapping    by     an
            standards or opinions that they do not actually have’.                                   audience as a sign of their approval
            Profligate = using money, time, materials, etc                169. c;     The correct spelling is ‘consume’.
                                in a careless way                                     Subsume = to include something in a particular
151. b;     The correct spelling is ‘jealousy’                                                          group and not consider it separately
            Jeopardy = in a dangerous posit ion or                        170. b;     The correct spelling is ‘furious’.
                              situation and likely to be lost or          171. a;     The correct spelling is ‘adumbrate’ which means
                              harmed                                                  ‘to give a general idea or description of something
152. c;     The correct spelling is ‘almighty’.                                       without details’.
            Elocution = the ability to speak clearly and                              Proliferate = to increase rapidly in number or
                               correctly, especially in public and                                        amount
                               pronouncing the word in a way              172. a;     The correct spelling is ‘appropriation’
                               that is considered to be socially          173. a;     The correct spelling is ‘believe’.
                               acceptable                                 174. b;     The correct spelling is ‘essence’ that means ‘the
153. d;     The correct spelling is ‘seize’                                           most important quality or feature of something that
154. b;     The correct spelling is ‘unfruitful’.                                     makes it what it is.
            Unwavering = not changing or becoming                                     Penance = an act that you give yourself to do,
                                  weaker in any way                                                   or that a priest gives you to do in
155. a;     The correct spelling is ‘etiquette’ which means                                           order to show that you are sorry for
            ‘the formal rules of correct or polite behaviour in society                               something you have done wrong.
            or among members of a particular profession’.                 175. c;     The correct spelling is ‘ninth’.
            Ethereal = ext r emely delicat e and light ;                  176. d;     The correct spelling is ‘ascetic’ that means ‘not
                             seeming to belong to another, more                       allowing yourself physical pleasures, especially for
                             spiritual, world                                         religious reasons’, ‘related to a simple and strict way
            Eulogize = to praise somebody/something very                              of living’.
                             highly                                                   Sceptic      = a person who usually doubts that
156.   d;   The correct spelling is ‘exhibit’.                                                        claims or st at ements are t rue,
157.   a;   The correct spelling is ‘admirer’.                                                        especially those that other people
158.   d;   The correct spelling is ‘gentleman’.                                                      believe in
159.   d;   The correct spelling is ‘psychiatrist’.                                   Agnostic = a person who believes that it is not
160.   b;   The correct spelling is ‘dense’.                                                          possible to know whether God exists
            Deference = behaviour that shows that you                                                 or not
                                respect somebody/something                            Prolif ic = (of an artist, a writer, etc) producing
            Pretence        = the act of behaving in a particular                                     many works etc
                                way, in or der t o make other             177. b;     The correct spelling is ‘harmonious’.
                                people believe something that is          178. b;     The correct spelling is ‘offence’.
                                not true                                              Opulent = made or decorated using expensive
161. c;     The correct spelling is ‘mechanical’.                                                     materials; luxurious; extremely rich;
Spelling Error                                                        English Language and Comprehension 241
                                                        Exercise-2
1. a;  The correctly spelt word is ‘successfully’.                        ‘travelling’, ‘remittance’ and ‘kidnapping’.
2. a;  The correctly spelt word is ‘embarrassment’ that                   Remittance = a sum of money that is sent to
       means ‘shy, awkward or guilty feelings’.                                               somebody in order t o pay for
3. a;  The correctly spelt word is ‘meagre’ that means                                        something
       ‘small in quantity and poor in quality’.                  11. c;   The correctly spelt word is ‘itinerary’ that means ‘a
4. c;  The correctly spelt word is ‘discern’ that means ‘to               plan of journey, including the route and the places
       know, recognize or understand something, especially                that you visit’. The correct spellings of other words
       something that is not obvious’.                                    are ‘necessary’, ‘temporary’ and ‘sanguinary’.
       The correct spellings of other words are ‘entirety’,               Sanguinary = inv olv ing or liking killing and
       ‘gracious’ and ‘contestant’.                                                           blood
       Entirety = the whole of something                         12. d;   The correctly spelt word is ‘archaeology’. The correct
       Gracious = kind, polite and generous, especially                   spellings of other given words are ‘psychology’,
                       t o somebody of a lower social                     ‘apology’ and ‘criminology’.
                       position; showing the comfort and         13. c;   The correctly spelt word is ‘appropriate’. The correct
                       easy way of life that wealth can bring             spellings of other given words are ‘associate’,
5. a;  The correctly spelt word is ‘reminiscence’ that means              ‘integrate’ and ‘exhilarate’.
       ‘a spoken or written description of something that                 Exhilarate = to make somebody feel very happy
       somebody remembers about their past life’. The                                         and excited
       correct spellings of other words are ‘renunciation’,      14. b;   The correctly spelt word is ‘conscience’ that means
       ‘recollection’ and ‘relaxation’.                                   ‘the part of your mind that tells you whether your
       Renunciation = the act of rejecting physical                       actions are right or wrong’.
                               pleasur es, especially f or       15. a;   The correctly spelt word is ‘magnificent’ that means
                               religious reasons; self-denial             ‘extremely attractive and impressive’; ‘deserving
       Recollection          = t he abilit y t o remember                 praise’.
                               somet hing;     t he   act   of   16. b;   The correctly spelt word is ‘renaissance’ that means
                               remembering something                      ‘a situation when there is new interest in a particular
6. c;  The correctly spelt word is ‘visionary’. The correct               subject, form of art, etc after a period when it was not
       spellings of other words are ‘scenery’, ‘granary’, and             very popular’; ‘revival’.
       ‘luminary’.                                               17. b;   The correctly spelt word is ‘irreparable’.
       Granary        = a building where grain is stored         18. a;   The correctly spelt word is ‘superfluous’ that means
       Luminary = a person who is an expert of a great                    ‘more than you need or want’; ‘unnecessary’.
                         influence in a special ar ea or         19. c;   The correctly spelt word is ‘pharmaceutical’.
                         activity                                20. c;   The correctly spelt word is ‘recommendation’.
7. c;  The correctly spelt word is ‘cooperate’. The correct      21. b;   The correctly spelt word is ‘necessity’.
       spellings of other words are ‘collaborate’, ‘collocate’
       and ‘corroborate’.                                        23. d; The correctly spelt word is ‘refrigerator’.
       Collaborate = to work together with some-body             24. c; The correctly spelt word is ‘expedition’ that means
                            in order to produce or achieve              ‘an organized journey with a particular purpose,
                            something                                   especially to find out about a place that is not well
       Collocate         = to be often used together in a               known’. The correct spellings of other words are
                            language                                    ‘execution’, ‘excitement’ and ‘extraction’.
       Corroborate = t o          pr ovide     ev idence    or          Extraction = the act or process of removing or
                            infor mat ion t hat suppor ts a                                obt aining    somet hing      f rom
                            statement, theory, etc.                                        something else.
8. b;  The correctly spelt word is ‘illwill’. The correct        25. c; The correctly spelt word is ‘introvert’. The correct
       spellings of other words are ‘fulfil’, ‘fabulous’ and            spellings of ot her giv en wor ds ar e ‘ external’,
       ‘useful’.                                                        ‘extrovert’ and ‘exact’.
       Fabulous = extremely good                                 26. b; The correctly spelt word is ‘impact’. The correct
9. d;  The correctly spelt word is ‘receipt’. The correct               spellings of other given words are ‘expect’ and ‘exit’.
       spellings of other words are ‘reciprocate’, ‘receive’     27. b; The correctly spelt word is ‘interesting’. The correct
       and ‘recitation’.                                                spellings of other given words are ‘entrusting’ and
       Reciprocate = t o behav e or feel t owar ds                      ‘entertaining’.
                            somebody in the same way as they     28. b; The correctly spelt word is ‘suppressor’. The correct
                            behave or feel towards you                  spellings of other given words are ‘supremacy’,
       Recitation         = an act of talking or writing about          ‘surfeit’ and ‘surrender’.
                            a series of things                          Surfeit = an amount that is too large; excess
10. d; The correctly spelt word, is ‘equitable’ that means       29. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘spectacular’. The correct
       ‘fair and reasonable’; treating everyone in an equal             spellings of other given words are ‘spectroscope’,
       way’. The correct spellings of other words are                   ‘spinach’ and ‘splendid’.
Spelling Error                                                        English Language and Comprehension 243
47. b; The correctly spelt word is ‘obsolete’ that means          64.   b;   The correctly spelt word is ‘example’.
       ‘no longer used because something new has been             65.   b;   The correctly spelt word is ‘recommendation’.
       invented’; ‘out of date’.                                  66.   b;   The correctly spelt word is ‘argument’.
48. c; The correctly spelt word is ‘skilful’.                     67.   b;   The correctly spelt word is ‘definition’.
49. d; The correctly spelt word is ‘dilapidated’ that means       68.   a;   The correctly spelt word is ‘committee’.
       ‘(of furniture and buildings) old and in very bad          69.   d;   The correctly spelt word is ‘pronunciation’.
       condition’. The correct spellings of other given           70.   b;   The correctly spelt word is ‘commentary’.
       wor ds ar e ‘despondent’, ‘detrimental ’ and               71.   a;   The correctly spelt word is ‘drought’.
       ‘diaphanous’.                                              72.   c;   The correctly spelt word is ‘parliamentary’.
       Despondent          = sad, without much hope               73.   c;   The correctly spelt word is ‘accurate’.
       Detrimental         = harmful; damaging                    74.   d;   The correctly spelt word is ‘giraffe’.
       Diaphanous          = (of cloth) so light and fine that    75.   a;   The correctly spelt word is ‘approached’.
                             you can almost see through it        76.   c;   The correctly spelt word is ‘career’.
50. d; The correctly spelt word is ‘prosperous’. The correct      77.   a;   The correctly spelt word is ‘achievement’.
       spellings of ot her giv en wor ds ar e ‘separate’,         78.   a;   The correctly spelt word is ‘commandant’.
       ‘confidence’ and ‘reference’.                              79.   a;   The correctly spelt word is ‘supersede’ that means
51. d; The correctly spelt word is ‘requisite’ that means                    ‘to take the place of something/somebody that is
       ‘necessary for a particular purpose’. The correct                     considered to be old-fashioned or no longer the best
       spellings of other given words are ‘reprimand’,                       available’.
       ‘resplendent’ and ‘repository’.                            80. b;     The correctly spelt word is ‘obsession’ that means
       Reprimand           = to tell somebody officially that                ‘the state in which a person’s mind is completely filled
                             you do not approve of them or                   with thoughts of one particular thing or person in a
                             their actions; to rebuke                        way that is not normal’.
       Resplendent = br ight ly           colour ed   in     an   81. d;     The correctly spelt word is ‘dilemma’ that means ‘a
                             impressive way                                  situation which makes problems, often one in which
       Repository          = a place wher e something is                     you have to make a very difficult choice between things
                             stored in a large quantities.                   of equal importance’.
52. d; The correctly spelt word is ‘necessary’. The correct       82. a;     The correctly spelt word is ‘fahrenheit’.
       spellings of ot her given wor ds ar e ‘nectar’,            83. a;     The correctly spelt word is ‘cannibal’, which means
       ‘punctuation and ‘pungent’.                                           ‘a person who eats human flesh’.
       Nectar        = a sweet liquid that is produced by         84. a;     The correctly spelt word is ‘privilege’ that means ‘a
                       f lowers and collected by bees for                    special right or advantage that a particular person or
                       making honey; the thick juice of some                 group of people has’.
                       fruits as a drink                          85. d;     The correctly spelt word is ‘campaign’.
       Pungent = having a strong taste or smell                   86. d;     The correctly spelt word is ‘occurred’.
53. c; The correctly spelt word is ‘maintenance’. The             87. d;     The correctly spelt word is ‘rigorous’ that means
       correct spellings of other words are ‘irrelevance’                    ‘done carefully and with a lot of attention to detail’.
       and ‘acquaintance’.                                        88. d;     The correctly spelt word is ‘indispensable’.
       Acquaintance = a person that you know but who              89. c;     The correctly spelt word is ‘palate’ that means ‘the
                               is not a close f riend; slight                top part of the inside of the mouth’.
                               friendship                         90. d;     The correctly spelt word is ‘chancellery’ that means
54. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘infatuation’ which                       ‘the place where a chancellor has his or her office’.
       means ‘very strong feelings of love or attraction for
       somebody/something especially when these are               92. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘satellite’.
       unreasonable and do not last long’.                        93. b; The correctly spelt word is ‘entrepreneur’.
55. b; The correctly spelt word is ‘meretricious’ which           94. d; The correctly spelt word is ‘concupiscence’ that
       means ‘seeming attractive, but infact having no real               means ‘strong sexual desire’; ‘lust’.
       value’.                                                    95. b; The correctly spelt word is ‘osseous’ that means
56. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘omelette’.                            ‘made of or turned into bone’.
57. c; The correctly spelt word is ‘quandary’ that means          96. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘obloquy’ that means
       ‘the state of not being able to decide what to do in a             ‘strong public criticism’; ‘loss of respect and honour’.
       difficult situation’; ‘dilemma’.                           97. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘lugubrious’ that means
58. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘lieutenant’.                          ‘sad and serious’.
59. d; The correctly spelt word is ‘acquiescence’ that            98. d; The correctly spelt word is ‘approached’.
       means ‘the fact of being willing to do what somebody       99. c; The correctly spelt word is ‘scripture’ that means
       wants and to accept their opinions, even if you are not            ‘the Bible’.
       sure that they are right’.                                 100. d; The correctly spelt word is ‘passenger’.
60. c; The correctly spelt word is ‘idiosyncrasy’ which           101. c; The correctly spelt word is ‘corrupt’.
       means ‘a person’s particular way of behaving, thinking     102. c; The correctly spelt word is ‘achievement’.
       etc, especially when it is unusual’.                       103. b; The correctly spelt word is ‘bouquet’.
61. a; The corr ectly spelt word is ‘tranquility ’. The           104. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘foreigner’.
       meaning of the word ‘tranquil’ is ‘quiet and peaceful’.    105. c; The correctly spelt word is ‘exaggerate’.
62. d; The correctly spelt word is ‘inimitable’ that means        106. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘forecast’.
       ‘too good or individual for anyone else to copy with the   107. c; The correctly spelt word is ‘puerile’, that means
       same effect’.                                                      ‘silly’; ‘suitable for a child rather than an adult’.
63. b; The correctly spelt word is ‘business’.                    108. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘commission’.
Spelling Error                                                        English Language and Comprehension 245
109. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘perseverance’ that                          cells in their blood, making them look pale and feel
        means ‘the quality of continuing to try to achieve a                     weak’.
        particular aim despite difficulties’.                          148.   c; The correctly spelt word is ‘forceps’ that means ‘an
110. d; The correctly spelt word is ‘illustrious’.                               instrument used by doctors, with two long thin parts
111. b; The correctly spelt word is ‘pitiable’ that means                        for picking up and holding things’.
        ‘deserving of pity or causing you to feel pity’.               149.   c; The correctly spelt word is ‘bacteria’.
112. c; The correctly spelt word is ‘paralleled’.                      150.   c; The correctly spelt word is ‘semblance’ that means
113. d; The correctly spelt word is ‘veterinary’.                                ‘a situation in which something seems to exist although
114. c; The correctly spelt word is ‘fulfill’.                                   this may not, in fact, be the case’.
115. b; The correctly spelt word is ‘recommend’.                       151.   c; The correctly spelt word is ‘gynaecology’.
116. b; The correctly spelt word is ‘ominous’ that means               152.   a; The correctly spelt word is ‘hypochondria’ that
        ‘suggesting that something bad is going to happen in                     means ‘state in which somebody worries all the time
        the future’.                                                             about their health and believes that they are ill/sick
117. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘overlapped’.                                when there is nothing wrong with them’.
118. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘necessary’.                       153.   b; The correctly spelt word is ‘instantaneous’ that
119. c; The correctly spelt word is ‘benefitted’.                                means ‘happening immediately’.
120. b; The correctly spelt word is ‘sacrilegious ’. The               154.   d; The correctly spelt word is ‘itinerary’.
          meaning of the word ‘sacrilege’ is ‘an act of treating       155.   b; The correctly spelt word is ‘chronology’.
          a holy thing or place without respect’.                      156.   c; The correctly spelt word is ‘scintillating’ that means
121. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘lackadaisical’ that                         ‘very clever, amusing and interesting’.
          means ‘not showing enough care or enthusiasm’.               157.   c; The correctly spelt word is ‘nemesis’ that means
122. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘sepulchral’ that means                      ‘punishment or defeat that is deserved and cannot be
          ‘looking or sounding sad and serious’; ‘making you                     avoided’.
          think of death’.                                             158.   b; The correctly spelt word is ‘anomaly’ which means
123. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘refrigerator’.                              ‘a thing, situation etc that is different from what is
124. b; The correctly spelt word is ‘hindrance’ that means                       normal or expected’.
          ‘a person or thing that makes it more difficult for          159.   b; The correctly spelt word is ‘perseverance’ that
          somebody to do something or for something to                           means ‘the quality of continuing to try to achieve a
          happen’.                                                               particular aim despite difficulties’.
125. d; The correctly spelt word is ‘conscientious’ that               160.   d; The correctly spelt word is ‘typography’ that means
          means ‘taking care to do things carefully and correctly’.              ‘the art of work of preparing books, etc for printing,
126. c; The correctly spelt word is ‘cancellation’.                              especially of designing how text will appear when it is
127. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘equanimity’ which                           printed’. The correct spellings of the given words
          means ‘a calm state of mind which means that you do                    are ‘photograph’, ‘biography’ and ‘bibliography’.
          not become angry or upset, especially in difficult                     Bibliography = a list of books or articles about a
          situation’.                                                                                  part icular subject or by a
128. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘accomplish’ that means                                            particular author.
          ‘to succeed in doing or completing something’.               161.    a; The correctly spelt word is ‘exquisite’ that means
129. d; The correctly spelt word is ‘occurrence’.                                  ‘extremely beautiful or carefully made’. The correct
130. b; The correctly spelt word is ‘guarantee’.                                   spellings of other given words are ‘requisite’, ‘os-
131. b; The correctly spelt word is ‘parliamentary’.                               cillate’ and ‘lethal’.
132. c; The correctly spelt word is ‘itinerary’ that means ‘a                      Requisite = necessary for a particular purpose.
        plan of a journey, including the routes and the places                     Oscillate = to keep changing from one extreme
        that you visit’.                                                                            of feelling or behaviour to another
133. b; The correctly spelt word is ‘tentative’.                                                    and back again.
134. c; The correctly spelt word is ‘surveillance’.                                Lethal         = causing or able to cause death;
135. b; The correctly spelt word is ‘career’.                                                       deadly ; fatal.
136. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘damage’.                          162.    b; The correctly spelt word is ‘caffeine’ that means
137. d; The correctly spelt word is ‘synchronize’ that means                       ‘a drug found in coffee and tea that makes you feel
        ‘to happen at the same time or to move at the same                         more active’. The correct spellings of other given
        speed as something’.                                                       words are ‘heinous’, ‘foreign’ and ‘saccharin’.
138. c; The correctly spelt word is ‘recommendation’.                              Heinous          = normally very bad.
139. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘marvellous’.                                  Saccharine = t oo emot ional in a way that
140. d; The correctly spelt word is ‘commission’.                                                      seems exaggerated.
141. b; The correctly spelt word is ‘aesthetic’ that means             163.    b; The correctly spelt word is ‘statutory’. The cor-
        ‘concerned with beauty and art and the understanding                       rect spellings of other words are ‘signatory’, ‘de-
        of beautiful things’.                                                      rogatory’ and ‘obituary’.
142. c; The correctly spelt word is ‘rendezvous’ that means                        Derogatory        = showing a critical attitude to-
        ‘an arrangement to meet somebody at a particular time                                          wards somebody.
        and place’.                                                                Obituary          = an article about somebody’s life
143. b; The correctly spelt word is ‘restaurant’.                                                      and achievement s, t hat is
144. d; The correctly spelt word is ‘miscellaneous’.                                                   pr inted in a newspaper soon
145. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘veterinary’.                                                      after they have died.
146. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘membranes’.                                   Signatory         = a per son, a count ry or an
147. c; The correctly spelt word is ‘anaemia’ that means ‘a                                            organisation that has signed an
        medical condition in which somebody has too few red                                            official agreement.
246 English Language and Comprehension                                                                             Spelling Error
164. b; The correctly spelt word is ‘parallelogram’. The           181.     a;   The correctly spelt word is ‘receive’.
        correct spellings of other words are ‘parallel’ ‘par-      182.     b;   The correctly spelt word is ‘repetition’.
        enthetical’ and ‘patricide’.                               183.     a;   The correctly spelt word is ‘judicious’.
        Parenthetical = given as extra information in              184.     c;   The correctly spelt word is ‘misdemeanour’ that
                               a speech or piece of writing.                     means ‘an action that is bad and unacceptable but
        Patricide            = the crime of killing your father.                 not very serious’. The correct spellings of other
165. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘endeavour’ that means                       given words are ‘miscarriage’, ‘mischievous’ and
        ‘an attempt to do something especially something new                     ‘misnomer’.
        or difficult’. The correct spellings of other given                      Mischievous         = enjoying playing tricks and
        words are ‘entrepreneur’, ‘epidemic’ and ‘eventual’.                                            annoying people.
        Eventual = happening at the end of a period of                           Misnomer            = a name or a word that is not
                        time or of a process.                                                           appropriate or accurate.
166. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘chauvinism’ that means        185. b;       The correctly spelt word is ‘cassette’.
        ‘an aggressive and unreasonable belief that your own       186. c;       The correctly spelt word is ‘differentiate’.
        country is better than all others’. The correct spell-     187. d;       The correctly spelt word is ‘embarrass’ that means
        ings of other given words are ‘jingoism’, ‘malaprop-                     ‘to make somebody feel shy, awkward or ashamed,
        ism’ and ‘revisionism’.                                                  especially in a social situation’.
        Jingoism             = a strong belief that your own       188. a;       The correctly spelt word is ‘business’. The cor-
                               count r y is best , especially                    rect spellings of other given words are ‘disap-
                               when this is expressed in sup-                    pear’, ‘pleasure’ and ‘indigestion’.
                               port of war with another coun-      189. c;       The correctly spelt word is ‘horoscope’.
                               try.                                190. c;       The correctly spelt word is ‘tempest’ that means
        Malapr opism = an amusing mistake somebody                               ‘a violent storm’. The correct spellings of other
                               makes when they use a word                        given words are ‘storm’, ‘gale’ and ‘hurricane’.
                               which sounds similar to the                       Gale = an extremely strong wind.
                               word they wanted to use, but        191.     b;   The correctly spelt word is ‘biscuit’.
                               means something different.          192.     a;   The correctly spelt word is ‘interrupt’.
        Revisionism          = ideas that are different from,      193.     a;   The correctly spelt word is ‘accessibility’.
                               and want to change, the main        194.     b;   The correctly spelt word is ‘suggestion’.
                               ideas or practices of a political   195.     c;   The correctly spelt word is ‘cabbage’.
                               system, especially Marxism          196.     d;   The correctly spelt word is ‘adundant’ that means
167. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘precious’.                                  ‘existing in large quantities’; ‘more than enough’.
168. d; The correctly spelt word is ‘miniature’ that means         197. b;       The correctly spelt word is ‘assassin’ that means
        ‘very small’; ‘much smaller than usual’. The correct                     ‘a person who murders somebody important or fa-
        spellings of other words are ‘temperature’, ‘nomen-                      mous, for money or for political reason’.
        clature’ and ‘creature’.                                   198. d;         The correctly spelt word is ‘magnificent’.
169. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘success’. The correct         199. b;       The correctly spelt word is ‘ecumenical’ that means
        spellings of other given words are ‘annihilate’, ‘oc-                    ‘involving or uniting members of different branches
        casion’ and ‘assassinate’.                                               of the christian church’.
        Annihilate        = to destroy somebody/something          2 00 . c;     The correctly spelt word is ‘supersede’ that means
                            completely; to defeat somebody/                      ‘to take the place of something/somebody that is
                            something completely.                                considered to be old-fashioned or no longer the best
        Assassinate = to murder an important or fa-                              available.
                            mous person, especially for po-        201.     b;   The correctly spelt word is ‘systematically’.
                            litical reasons.                       2 02 .   a;   The correctly spelt word is ‘earthiness’.
170. b; The correctly spelt word is ‘acquaintance’ that            203.     b;   The correctly spelt word is ‘truly’.
        means ‘a person that you know but who is not a             204.     d;   The correctly spelt word is ‘alienate’ that means
        close friend’.                                                           ‘to make somebody less friendly or sympathetic to-
171. b; The correctly spelt word is ‘abbreviation’.                              wards you’ ; ‘to make somebody feel that they do not
172. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘believable’.                                belong in a particular group’.
173. c; The correctly spelt word is ‘defamatory’ that means        205. c;       The correctly spelt word is ‘vacillation’. The mean-
        ‘intended to harm somebody by saying or writing bad                      ing of the word ‘vacillate’ is ‘to keep changing your
        or false things about them’.                                             opinion or thoughts about something especially in a
174. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘deliberation’ that                          way that annoys other people’.
        means ‘the process of carefully considering or dis-        206. a;       The correctly spelt word is ‘collaborate’. The cor-
        cussing something’.                                                      rect spellings of other given words are ‘commemo-
175. b; The correctly spelt word is ‘deteriorate’ that means                     rate’, ‘collate’ and ‘chocolate’.
        ‘to become worse’.                                                       Commemorate            = to remind people of an im-
176. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘exorbitant’ that means                                               portant person or event from
        ‘much too high’.                                                                                  the past with a special ac-
177. d; The correctly spelt word is ‘frivolous’ that means                                                tion or object
        ‘silly or amusing, especially when such behaviour is                     Collate                = to collect informat ion to-
        not suitable’.                                                                                    get her    f r om  dif f erent
178. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘miscarriage’.                                                        sources in order to examine
179. c; The correctly spelt word is ‘mysterious’.                                                         or compare it
180. c; The correctly spelt word is ‘dictionary’.
Spelling Error                                                   English Language and Comprehension 247
207. b; The correctly spelt word is ‘clairvoyant’. The cor-       214. d; The correctly spelt word is ‘presumptuous’ that
        rect spellings of other given words are ‘circuitous’,               means ‘too confident, in a way that shows a lack of
        ‘chivalry’ and ‘cavalcade’.                                         respect for other people’. The correct spellings of
        Clairvoyance = the power that some people are                       other given words are ‘pompous’, ‘populous’ and
                             believed to have to be able to                 ‘perilous’.
                             see future events or to commu-                 Pompous = showing that you think you are
                             nicat e wit h people who ar e                                  more important than other people,
                             dead or far away.                                              especially by using long and formal
        Circuitous         = long and not direct.                                           words.
        Chivalry           = polite and kind behaviour that                 Po pu lo us = where a large number of people live.
                             shows a sense of humour, es-                   Perilous      = very dangerous.
                             pecially by men t owar ds            215. d; The correctly spelt word is ‘impetus’ that means
                             women.                                         ‘something that encourages a process or activity to
        Cavalcade          = a line of people on horses or in               develop more quickly’. The correct spellings of
                             vehicles forming part of a cer-                other given words are ‘impromptu’, ‘illustrious’ and
                             emony.                                         ‘illusory’.
208. d; The correctly spelt word is ‘serenity’. The correct                 Impromptu         = done without preparation or
        spellings of other given words are ‘severity’, ‘sov-                                    planning.
        ereignty’ and ‘superiority’.                                        Illusory          = not real, although seeming to
        Serene = calm and peaceful                                                              be.
209. d; The correctly spelt word is ‘accommodative’. The          216. c; The correctly spelt word is ‘entrepreneur’.
        correct spellings of other given words are ‘com-          217. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘promiscuous ’ that
        memorative’, ‘cumulative’ and ‘accumulative’.                       means ‘having many sexual partners’; ‘taken from a
        Commemorative = intended to help people re-                         wide range of sources, especially without careful
                                 member and respect an im-                  thought’.
                                 portant person or event in       218. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘onomatopoeia’ that
                                 the past.                                  means ‘the fact of words containing sounds similar
        Cumulative             = hav ing a result t hat in-                 to the noises they describe, for example hiss’.
                                 creases in strength or im-       219. d; The correctly spelt word is ‘bureaucracy’.
                                 portance each time more of       2 20 . c; The correctly spelt word is ‘millionaire’.
                                 something is added.              221. b; The correctly spelt word is ‘envelope’.
        Accumulative           = growing by incr easing           2 22 . a; The correctly spelt word is ‘character’.
                                 gradually.                       223. d; The correctly spelt word is ‘drunkenness’.
210. d; The correctly spelt word is ‘benevolence’. The            224. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘surprise’.
        correct spellings of other given words are ‘bene-         225. b; The correctly spelt word is ‘committee’.
        diction’, ‘besmirch’ and ‘beneficent’.                    226. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘height’.
        Benevolent = kind, helpful and generous.                  227. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘label’.
        Benediction = a Christian prayer of blessing.             228. b; The correctly spelt word is ‘museum’.
        Besmirch         = t o damage the opinion that            229. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘occasion’.
                            people have of somebody/some-         230. b; The correctly spelt word is ‘pseudonym’ t hat
                            thing.                                          means ‘a name used by somebody, especially a writer
        Beneficent       = giving help; showing kindness.                   instead of their real name.
211. b; The correctly spelt word is ‘parsimonious’ that           231. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘disease’.
        means ‘extremely unwilling to spend money’. The           232. b; The correctly spelt word is ‘traveller’.
        correct spellings of other given words are ‘para-         233. c; The correctly spelt word is ‘scissors’.
        phernalia’, ‘peccadillo’ and ‘paediatrics’.               234. c; The correctly spelt word is ‘vacuum’.
        Paraphernalia = a large number of objects of              235. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘accommodation’.
                               personal possessions, espe-        236. c; The correctly spelt word is ‘budgetary’.
                               cially the equipment that you      237. b; The correctly spelt word is ‘occurrence’.
                               need for a particular activity.    238. c; The correctly spelt word is ‘pedestrian’.
        Peccadillo           = a small unimpor tant thing         239. b; The correctly spelt word is ‘separately’.
                               that somebody does wrong.          240. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘embarrassed’.
        Paediatrics          = the branch of medicine con-        241. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘definitely’.
                               cer ned with children and          242. c; The correctly spelt word is ‘cemetery’ that means
                               their diseases.                              ‘an area of land used for burying dead people, espe-
212. b; The correctly spelt word is ‘manageable’. The cor-                  cially one that is not beside a church.
        rect spellings of other given words are ‘measur-          243. d; The correctly spelt word is ‘recession’.
        able’, ‘marriageable’ and ‘maneuverable’.                 244. d; The correctly spelt word is ‘correspondent’.
213. c; The correctly spelt word is ‘tumble’ that means           245. a; The correctly spelt word is ‘inconvenienced’.
        ‘to fall downwards, often hitting the ground several      246. d; The correctly spelt word is ‘dominant’.
        times, but usually without serious injury’. The cor-      247. c; The correctly spelt word is ‘observer’. The cor-
        rect spellings of other given words are ‘tussle’,                   rect spellings of other given words are ‘observe’,
        ‘tunnel’ and ‘treble’                                               ‘observing’ and ‘observant’.
        Tussle = a short struggle, fight or argument es-                    Observant = good at noticing things around you
                      pecially in order to get something.         248. b; The correctly spelt word is ‘acknowledge’.
        Treble = three successes in a row.                        249. b; The correctly spelt word is ‘possess’.
                                                                  250. c; The correctly spelt word is ‘leisure’.