COMPUTE AND DATABASES
SYSTEM OPERATIONS IN AWS - MODULE 3
Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2)
EC2 Features:
Virtual computing environment (Instances)
Preconfigured templates (AMIs)
Instance Types
Instance store volumes
EBS volumes
Security Groups
Elastic IP Address
VPCs
Amazon EC2 Instance Types
General Purpose (T2, M4)
Compute-Optimized (C3, C4)
Memory-Optimized (X1, R3, R4)
Storage-Optimized (I3, D2)
Accelerated Computing (P2, G2, F1)
Amazon EC2 Virtualization Type
Virtualization type is determined by the AMI used to launch it:
Paravirtual
Hardware Virtual Machine (HVM)
Hardware-assisted technology
Enhanced networking
Amazon EC2 Configuration Options
Number of instances
Purchasing options
Amazon VPC to be used
Subnet to be located in
Public IP (IPv4 and/or IPv6)
IAM role
Shutdown behavior
Monitoring
Tenancy
User data
Storage Type and volumen
Security groups
Public/private key
Amazon EC2 Management
Amazon EC2 Instance Metadata
Data about your instance
Can be used to configure or manage the running instance
Can be accessed via http://169.254.169.254
Can also include Dynamic data (http://169.254.169.254/latest/dynamic/instance-
identity/document.)
Creating Your Own AMI
Instance store-backed AMI Amazon EBS-backed AMI
Launch an instance from a similar AMI Launch an instance from a similar AMI
Customize the instance Customize the instance
Bundle the Instance Stop the instance
Upload the bundle to your Amazon S3 Create the image
bucket
AWS automatically register the AMI
Register the AMI
Amazon EC2 Purchasing Options
On-Demand
Pay as you go
Reserved
Significant discount compared to On-demand
Commitment for a period of time
Monthly payments or prepay full or partial amounts
Spot
Bid on unused EC2 instances
Instance runs whenever your bids excedes the current market Price (set by Amazon)
Cost-effective choice for flexible workloads
Amazon EC2 Security
Controlling Network Access
VPC
Security Groups
NACLs
Controlling Administrative Access
IAM
AWS Trusted Advisor
AWS Service Catalog
Amazon Inspector
DATABASE SERVICES IN AWS
Data Source Types
The type of data being stored is important factor in deciding what database is required:
There are three types of data sources:
Structured
Semistructured
Unstructured
Structured Data
Support transactional and analytical
applications
Commonly stored in relational
databases
Support powerful data queries and
analysis
Semistructured Data
Can be just as predictable and
organized as structured data
Is flexible and can be updated without
changing the schema
Allow a user to capture data in any
structure as data evolves and change
over time
Often stored in non-relational stores
Unstructured data
Data is not organized in any
distinguishable or predifined manner.
Usually stored in non-relational key-
value databases
Full of irrelevant information
Data needs to first be processed to
perform any kind of meaningful
análisis.
Data source and database types
St U Se-U
St-Se St-Se-U
AWS Databases
Amazon RDS
Amazon DynamoDB
Amazon ElastiCache
Amazon Redshift
Relational vs Non-relational Databases
Amazon RDS Features and Benefits
CPU, memory, storage and IOPS can be scaled independently
AWS manages backups, patching, failure detection and recovery
Automated backups
High Availability
Elasticity and scalability
Supports several database engines
IAM For Access Control
Amazon RDS Overview
Amazon RDS Database Engines are:
Amazon Aurora
PostgreSQL
MySQL
MariaDB
Oracle
Microsoft SQL Server
Amazon RDS DB Instances
A DB Instance is a logically-isolated database environment running in the cloud
Can contain multiple user-created databases
DB Instances are created and odified using the AWS CLI, APIs or Console
There are three DB instance types used by RDS:
M – Multipurpose
R – RAM
T – Tiny/Burstable
Non-Relational Databases
Use a variety of data models:
Document
Graph
Key/value
Columnar
Are recognized for ease of developtment, scalable performance, HA, resilience
Amazon DynamoDB
Fast and flexible NoSQL database service
Fully managed
Support both document and key/value store models
Ideal for mobile, web, gaming, ad tech, IoT
Amazon DynamoDB Core Components
Tables – Collection of data
Items – Group of atributes, similar in may ways to rows, records, or tuples
Attributes – Fundamental data element, similar to fields or columns
Resources to Review - Compute
Amazon EC2 page: http://aws.amazon.com/ec2/
Amazon EC2 FAQs: http://aws.amazon.com/ec2/faqs/
Amazon EC2 documentation: http://aws.amazon.com/documentation/ec2/
Amazon EC2 User Guide for
Linux: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/concepts.html
Amazon EC2 User Guide for Windows: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/
latest/WindowsGuide/concepts.html
AWS Service Health Dashboard: https://status.aws.amazon.com
Resources to Review - Databases
AWS Database Blog https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/database/
Amazon RDS User Guide http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonRDS/latest/UserGuide/Welcome.html
Monitoring Amazon RDS http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonRDS/latest/UserGuide/CHAP_Monitoring.html
Best Practices for Amazon RDS http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonRDS/latest/UserGuide/CHAP_BestPractices.html
Security in Amazon RDS http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonRDS/latest/UserGuide/UsingWithRDS.html
Getting Started with Amazon DynamoDB http://docs.aws.amazon.com/
amazondynamodb/latest/gettingstartedguide/Welcome.html
Authentication and Access Control for Amazon
DynamoDB http://docs.aws.amazon.com/amazondynamodb/latest/developerguide/authentication-and-access-
control.html
Best Practices for Amazon
DynamoDB http://docs.aws.amazon.com/amazondynamodb/latest/developerguide/BestPractices.html
Amazon ElastiCache User Guide http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonElastiCache/latest/UserGuide/WhatIs.html
AWS Database Blog: Scaling Your Amazon RDS Instance Vertically and
Horizontally https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/database/scaling-your-amazon-rds-instance- vertically-and-horizontally/
