Module 8: Databases – AWS RDS
Module objectives
After completing this module, you should be able to:
• Explain Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS)
• Identify the functionality in Amazon RDS
• Explain Amazon DynamoDB
• Identify the functionality in Amazon DynamoDB
• Explain Amazon Redshift
• Explain Amazon Aurora
• Perform tasks in an RDS database, such as launching, configuring, and interacting
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Module 8: Databases
Section 1: Amazon Relational Database Service
Amazon Relational Database Service
Amazon Relational Database
Service (Amazon RDS)
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Unmanaged versus managed services
Unmanaged: Managed:
Scaling, fault tolerance, and Scaling, fault tolerance, and
availability are managed by availability are typically built in
you. to the service.
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Challenges of relational databases
• Server maintenance and energy footprint
• Software installation and patches
• Database backups and high availability
• Limits on scalability
• Data security
• Operating system (OS) installation and patches
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Amazon RDS
Managed service that sets up and operates a relational database in the
cloud.
AWS Cloud
Users Application
Servers Amazon RDS
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From on-premises databases to Amazon RDS
Database in Amazon Elastic Database in Amazon RDS or
On-premises database
Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) Amazon Aurora
Application optimization Application optimization Application optimization
Scaling Scaling Scaling
High Availability High Availability High Availability
Database backups Database backups Database backups
Database software patches Database software patches Database software patches
Database software installs Database software installs AWS Database software installs
Operation system patches Operation system patches provides Operation system patches
Operating system install Operating system install Operating system install
Server maintenance Server maintenance Server maintenance
Rack and stack servers Rack and stack servers Rack and stack servers
Power, HVAC, network Power, HVAC, network Power, HVAC, network
AWS
provides
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Managed services responsibilities
You manage:
• Application optimization
AWS manages:
• OS installation and patches
• Database software installation and patches
• Database backups
• High availability
Amazon RDS
• Scaling
• Power and racking and stacking servers
• Server maintenance
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Amazon RDS DB instances
Amazon RDS
=
MySQL
DB Instance Class Amazon Aurora
• CPU
M
• Memory Microsoft SQL Server
• Network performance
PostgreSQL
Amazon RDS DB DB Instance Storage
main instance MariaDB
• Magnetic
• General Purpose (solid state drive, or SSD)
• Provisioned IOPS Oracle
DB engines
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Amazon RDS in a virtual private cloud (VPC)
AWS Cloud
Availability Zone
VPC
Public subnet
Internet
Users gateway Amazon EC2
Private subnet
Amazon RDS
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High availability with Multi-AZ deployment
AWS Cloud
Availability Zone 1 Availability Zone 2
VPC
Public subnet
Amazon EC2 Application
Private subnet Private subnet
M Synchronous S
Amazon RDS
RDS Standby
instance
instance
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High availability with Multi-AZ deployment
2
AWS Cloud
Availability Zone 1 Availability Zone 2
VPC
Public subnet
Amazon EC2 Application
Private subnet Private subnet
M Synchronous S
Amazon RDS
RDS Standby
instance
instance
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Amazon RDS read replicas
AWS Cloud
Features Availability Zone
• Offers asynchronous replication VPC
Public subnet
• Can be promoted to master if needed
Amazon EC2 Application
Functionality
• Use for read-heavy database Private subnet
workloads
M R
• Offload read queries Amazon RDS Read Replica
instance instance
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Use cases
High throughput
Web and mobile applications Massive storage scalability
High availability
Low-cost database
Ecommerce applications Data security
Fully managed solution
Rapidly grow capacity
Mobile and online games Automatic scaling
Database monitoring
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When to Use Amazon RDS
Use Amazon RDS when your application Do not use Amazon RDS when your
requires: application requires:
• Complex transactions or complex • Massive read/write rates (for example,
queries 150,000 write/second)
• A medium to high query or write rate – • Sharding due to high data size or
Up to 30,000 IOPS (15,000 reads + throughput demands
15,000 writes)
• Simple GET or PUT requests and
• No more than a single worker node or queries that a NoSQL database can
shard handle
• High durability • Relational database management
system (RDBMS) customization
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Amazon RDS: Clock-hour billing and database
characteristics
Clock-hour billing –
• Resources incur charges when running
Database characteristics –
• Physical capacity of database:
• Engine
• Size
• Memory class
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Amazon RDS: DB purchase type and multiple
DB instances
DB purchase type –
• On-Demand Instances
• Compute capacity by the hour
• Reserved Instances
• Low, one-time, upfront payment for database instances that are reserved with
a 1-year or 3-year term
Number of DB instances –
• Provision multiple DB instances to handle peak loads
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Amazon RDS: Storage
Provisioned storage –
• No charge
• Backup storage of up to 100 percent of database storage for an active
database
• Charge (GB/month)
• Backup storage for terminated DB instances
Additional storage –
• Charge (GB/month)
• Backup storage in addition to provisioned storage
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Amazon RDS: Deployment type and data
transfer
Requests –
• The number of input and output requests that are made to the database
Deployment type—Storage and I/0 charges vary, depending on whether you deploy to –
• Single Availability Zone
• Multiple Availability Zones
Data transfer –
• No charge for inbound data transfer
• Tiered charges for outbound data transfer
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• With Amazon RDS, you can set up,
Section 1 key operate, and scale relational
takeaways databases in the cloud.
• Features –
• Managed service
• Accessible via the console, AWS Command Line
Interface (AWS CLI), or application
programming interface (API) calls
• Scalable (compute and storage)
• Automated redundancy and backup are
available
• Supported database engines:
• Amazon Aurora, PostgreSQL, MySQL, MariaDB,
Oracle, Microsoft SQL Server
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