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Basic Geometry Visual Aid

The document provides an overview of basic geometry concepts, including definitions of points, lines, angles, and planes. It includes formulas for calculating perimeter, area, surface area, and volume for various shapes, along with sample problems and solutions. Additionally, it covers polygons and space figures, detailing their characteristics and properties.

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28 views3 pages

Basic Geometry Visual Aid

The document provides an overview of basic geometry concepts, including definitions of points, lines, angles, and planes. It includes formulas for calculating perimeter, area, surface area, and volume for various shapes, along with sample problems and solutions. Additionally, it covers polygons and space figures, detailing their characteristics and properties.

Uploaded by

kheziareineabapo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Basic Geometry Visual Aid

1. Basic Geometry Concepts

Point: A location in space; has no size.

Line: A straight path with no thickness that extends infinitely.

Line Segment: Part of a line with two endpoints.

Ray: A line that starts at one point and extends infinitely in one direction.

Angle: Formed by two rays sharing a common endpoint.

Plane: A flat surface extending infinitely in all directions.

Sample Problem: Identify whether a given object (e.g., pencil tip, table edge) is best described as a point,

line, or plane.

Solution: A pencil tip represents a point; a table edge represents a line segment.

2. Perimeter Formulas

Square: P = 4s

Rectangle: P = 2(l + w)

Triangle: P = a + b + c

Circle (Circumference): C = 2 * pi * r or C = pi * d

Sample Problem: Find the perimeter of a rectangle with length 10 and width 5.

Solution: P = 2(10 + 5) = 2(15) = 30

3. Area Formulas

Square: A = s^2

Rectangle: A = l * w

Triangle: A = 1/2 * b * h

Circle: A = pi * r^2

Parallelogram: A = b * h

Trapezoid: A = 1/2 * (b1 + b2) * h

Sample Problem: Find the area of a triangle with base 6 and height 4.

Solution: A = 1/2 * 6 * 4 = 12
Basic Geometry Visual Aid

4. Surface Area Formulas

Cube: SA = 6 * s^2

Rectangular Prism: SA = 2(lw + lh + wh)

Cylinder: SA = 2 * pi * r^2 + 2 * pi * r * h

Sphere: SA = 4 * pi * r^2

Cone: SA = pi * r^2 + pi * r * l

Sample Problem: Find the surface area of a cube with side 3.

Solution: SA = 6 * 3^2 = 6 * 9 = 54

5. Volume Formulas

Cube: V = s^3

Rectangular Prism: V = l * w * h

Cylinder: V = pi * r^2 * h

Sphere: V = (4/3) * pi * r^3

Cone: V = (1/3) * pi * r^2 * h

Pyramid: V = (1/3) * B * h

Sample Problem: Find the volume of a cylinder with radius 3 and height 5.

Solution: V = pi * 3^2 * 5 = pi * 9 * 5 = 45pi, approximately 141.37

6. Polygons

Polygon: A closed shape with straight sides.

Common types: Triangle (3), Quadrilateral (4), Pentagon (5), Hexagon (6), etc.

Sum of interior angles: (n - 2) * 180 degrees

Sample Problem: What is the sum of the interior angles of a hexagon?

Solution: (6 - 2) * 180 = 4 * 180 = 720 degrees

7. Space Figures

Cube: 6 square faces

Rectangular Prism: 6 rectangular faces


Basic Geometry Visual Aid

Sphere: No edges or vertices

Cylinder: 2 circular bases, curved side

Cone: 1 circular base, 1 vertex

Pyramid: Polygon base, triangular sides

Sample Problem: How many faces does a rectangular prism have?

Solution: 6

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