الباب الثالث:
في بيان لطائف نظم القرآن ،و شرح
أسلوبه البديع
الفصل األول
:في ترتيب القرآن الكريم وأسلوب السور فيه
The Quraan was revealed سورةby سورةto آپ صلي الله عليه وسلمone after
another as and when required for the guidance of his slaves. During the
prophetic era each surah was preserved and compiled separately and
then in the era of ابو بكر و عمر رضي الله عنهماall the surahs where complied
in one volume in a specific sequence.
:تقسيم السور
The surahs were divided into four categories according to the صحابة رضي
الله عنهم:
1. The seven long surahs
2. Hundreds: those that include a hundred or more ayaat
3. Often repeated: these have less a hundred ayaat
4. Distinct
:القرآن في عهد عثمان رضي الله عنه
A copy was prepared by عثمان رضي الله عنهbased on some copies that he
had sent to the different provinces so Muslims can take benefit and do not
incline to any other arrangement.
:استهالل السور واختتامها علي أسلوب الفرامين
:منهج القصائد في مبتدأ بعض السور
At the start of the poetries of the Arabs they would narrate the beauty of
And events and Allah choose this style in some surahs. Eg: ‘by those
whom are drawn up in ranks’
:خواتم السور على منهج الفرامين
:تخلل الكالم البليغ في أثناء السور
Occasionally wishing the surah an eloquent statement comprising all
forms of praises and glorification or an expression of the favours and
reminders of allah's blessings.
● Example: allah began the polemic with people of the book in سورة آل
عمران- ‘the deen in sight of Allah is Islam’. So the cause of
argument is clear and the discourse revolves around the claim and
Allah knows best.
الفصل الثاني
Allah divided the surahs into ayaat just as poets divide poems into verses.
:الفرق بين اآليات واألبيات
In Ayaat:
● the construction of ayaat are based on weight and approximate
rhyme which resembles natural flow.
In verses:
● they are restricted by rules of versification and rhythm
● On metres such as تفاعيلand افاعيل
Similarities:
● recited in raised voices to give pleasure to one reciting and one
listening.
:األمر المشترك بين اآليات واألبيات
What is common in the ayaat and verses of poetry is that when recited
they are recited with raised voices and appeals and attracts the one
listening as well and the one reciting.
:التوافق التقريبي هو األمر المشترك بين مختلف الكالم المنظوم
:مراعاة القرآن الكريم للحسن اإلجمالي المشترك
:االمتداد النفسي الطبيعي هو الوزن في القرآن
The entrance and exit of breath is a natural manner in man. The
prolongation of breath is has been used as a metre in the Qurāan and is
split into three:
سورة النساء: مثل- طويل .1
سورة األعراف: مثل- متوسط .2
سورة الدخان: مثل- قصير .3
:خاتمة النفس علي المّدة هي القافية في القرآن
The prolongation of breath is based on the last letter which one can gain
pleasure in repeating. Wether the last letter of the word is a:
● Letter of مد
● ب
● م
● ق
:لحوق األلف في آخر الكلمة أيضا قافية
Having an ألفat the end of a word and it’s repetition gives delight.
:توافق اآليات على حرف واحد وإعادة الجملة مفيد لذة
Rhyming a Ayaat on the same letter like الميمin سورة القتالbrings
pleasure and also the reputation of a phrase
:اختالف فواصل آخر السورة من أوائلها
The rythmes at the beginning differ to the end of an ayah in most سورة
which are understood as to be significant. Eg: سالماand كراماin سورة
الفرقان.
:منهج القرآن في الفواصل
:السر في اآلية الطويلة مع اآليات القصيرة وبالعكس
The order of the words are for ease of the tongue
:اآلية ذات القوائم الثالث
Sometimes an Ayah has 3 supporters such as:
َأ َأ
‘َيْوَم َتْبَيُّض ُوُج و ٌۭه َوَتْس َوُّد ُوُج و ٌۭه ۚ َف َّما ٱَّلِذيَن ٱْس َوَّدْت ُوُج وُهُهْم َكَفْر ُتم َبْعَد ِإيَمٰـِنُكْم َفُذوُقو ۟ا ٱْلَعَذاَب
‘ ِبَما ُكنُتْم َتْكُفُر وَن
’ ‘َوَأَّما ٱَّلِذيَن ٱْبَيَّضْت ُوُج وُهُهْم
One generally joins the 2 and consider it to be one long ayah.
:اآلية ذات الفاصلتين
Allah has brought 2 rythmes within a same Ayah just as found in couplets:
‘like a blooming flower in freshness and the full moon in splendour, like a
ocean in generosity and time in its courage.
:أطول آية مع اآليات القصار
لم يراع ذلك الوزن والقافية في بعض السور:
Some surahs do not show metres or rythmes.
وجه اختبار األوزان والقوافي الجديدة:
’Question: ‘why did Allah not choose those metres and rythmes
- Answer:
الفصل الثالث
في وجه التكرار في العلوم الخمسة وعدم الترتيب في بيانها:
الفصل الرابع
في وجوه إعجاز القرآن الكريم:
الباب الرابع:
في بيان مناهج التفسير و توضيح
االختالف الواقع في تفاسير الصحابة
والتابعين
:طوائف المفسرين
The school of commentators:
● Tafseer of hadith scholars: those commentators whom narrate those
reports relate to the Quranic verses wether the reports are
connected to the سند, stop at a صحابة, statement of the successors
or the اسرائيلياtraditions.
● تفسير الكالم: A group whom intend to interpret an Ayaat in the divine
names of Allah and attributes of Allah.
● Experts in juristic principles: A group whom are concerned with the
derivation of fiqh rulings.
● Tafseer of grammarians and lexicographers:
● Tafseer of the master literiouns:
● تفسيرof the صوفي:
:جوامع التفسير
:ما مّن الله به علّي في علم التفسير
الفصل األول
:قسمان من أسباب النزول
The reason of نزولis of two types:
1. V
2. The meaning is complete without the knowledge of the story behind
the revelation of the Ayaah because the point is general.
:)) ((نزلت في كذا:معني قولهم
When the صحابةwould say (( ))نزلت في كذاthey would intend:
● What the ayaah subsentiated
● Some of the circumstances which the ayah of general meaning
:أمور في التفسير ال طائل تحتها
:القدماء ربما يفّس رون علي سبيل االحتمال
Two points need to be kept in mind:
1. The principle is in this category the intention is to transmit stories
just like the way they where narrated without resorting to
reasoning.
:النقل عن بني إسرائيل دسيسة دخلت في ديننا
2. T. Which two point occurs:
- as long as the allusions of the Qurāan can be explained using the
sunnah of آپ صلي الله عليه وسلمthe اسرائيلshould not be used.
- One should speak to only a degree of allusions needed keeping in
mind what is necessary so it is possible to confirm it is according to
the evidence of the Qurāan.
:تفسير القرآن بالقرآن
وكيف يخرج المفسر من العهدة في ذلك؟،وجه اختالف السلف في شرح غريب القرآن
:استنباطات العبد الضعيف في شرح الغريب
اختالف المتقدمين والمتأخرين في معنى ((النسخ)) مما أوجب االختالف في عدد اآليات
:المنسوخة
:ربما يجعل اإلجماع عالمة للنسخ
:أمور أخر يذكرونها في التفاسير
The Hadith scholars have other things they transmit in tafseer for
example:
A. The discussions on the صحابةon the issue and then producing an
ayah as evidence
B. Producing an Ayah as an example
C. Recitation of آپ صلي الله عليه وسلم
D. Narrating a Hadith which corresponds to an ayah in original
meaning
E. Mentioned a word which is reported by آپ صلي الله عليه وسلمor the
صحابة
الفصل الثاني
:الكالم حول استنباط الكالم
:التوجيه في تفسير القرآن الكريم
:فعمدة التوجيه
● In the Ayah of polemic: to expose school of fault sects and reviewing
ways of compelling people to accept the truth
● In the ayah of rulings: to create a picture, explain the benefits of the
rule
● In the ayah of remembering the favours of Allah: painting the
picture of those favours and explaining those particular passages.
● In the ayah of remembering the days of Allah:
● In the ayah referring to death: creating a picture of those matters
and confirming them
:أنواع التوجيه
From amongst the art of توجيه:
1. Z
2. X
3. C
4. V
5. B
6. N
:غلّو المتكلمين
شاہ صاحب رحمه اللهway is the way of امام مالك و ابن مبرك رحمهما اللهwhich is
to allow abrogated verses to pass to there apparent meaning and to leave
plunging in its interpretation.
:الجدال في القرآن
:لغة القرآن
:نحو القرآن
:علم المعاني والبيان
:إشارات الصوفية
:فن اإلعتبار
الفصل الثالث
:في بيان غرائب القرأن الكريم
The wonders of the noble Qurāan singled out from the Hadith for extra
attention and to show virtuous are of many:
● Remembering the favours of Allah eg: آية الكرسي
● Remembering the days of Allah
● Remembering death and what is after
● Legal rulings
● Polemic rulings
:ظهر القرآن وبطنه
الفصل الرابع
:في بيان بعض العلوم الوهبية
1. Interpretation of the stories of the أنبياء
2. Revision of the 5 sciences
3.
