IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
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Smart Building Lighting System
To cite this article: R Firdaus and E Mulyana 2018 IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng. 384 012071
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International Symposium on Materials and Electrical Engineering (ISMEE) 2017 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 384 (2018) 012071 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/384/1/012071
1234567890‘’“”
Smart Building Lighting System
R Firdaus* and E Mulyana
Department of Electrical Engineering Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia,
Bandung, Indonesia
*ridwanfirdaus377@student.upi.edu
Abstract. In a building, lighting contributes 20-60% of the total consumption of electrical energy
usage. To turn on and off the lamp with the switch manually sometimes people forget to turn it
off when leaving the room. This resulted in the inefficiency of energy and cost, where the lamps
work not based on need. To overcome this problem designed a lighting control system using
internet of things concept so that the lights can be controlled and monitored remotely. This
control system is designed using Arduino Mega 2560 as a microcontroller, relays as connectors
and electric breakers voltage lamp and motion sensor as a switch that turns off the lights when
there is no person in the room and indicator of the activity in the room. In addition, outdoor lights
are lit in accordance with a predetermined schedule for more efficient power usage. With lighting
control system is expected to reduce consumption of electrical energy usage so more efficient.
1. Introduction
Nowadays, the most popular development of Internet technology is the Internet of Thing. The Internet
of things is a global concept that enables information services in an easy way both physical and virtual
based on current technological developments [1]. Internet of things can be applied to various things in
the environment, among the buildings, the largest contributor to electricity use in many countries is in
buildings. More than half of the energy used in buildings lies in electricity consumption and one-third
is for lighting [2].
There are still many-storied buildings that have not implemented the lighting control and monitoring
system. This resulted in the inefficiency of energy and cost, where the lamps work not based on need.
Based on this, the issue of energy saving in lighting facilities is of great importance to research [3]. For
example, another paper describes a different intelligent control system research project for the
development of intelligent remote-controlled street lighting systems based on enhanced technology [4].
Smart Building is a concept that combines architectural design, interior design, and mechanical-
electrical in order to provide the speed of movement / mobility and ease of control from any direction
and anytime in the case of automation where all activities that occur in a building or building can occur
in the absence of human interference inside it.
In this research is designed a lighting control system on the building using the concept of an internet
of things. This control system uses motion sensors as a switch. In addition, this system uses the
application and web server so that users can manage and control in real-time from a distance.
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Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd 1
International Symposium on Materials and Electrical Engineering (ISMEE) 2017 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 384 (2018) 012071 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/384/1/012071
1234567890‘’“”
2. Methods
The project of this smart parking system is build by some system, starting from hardware architecture,
software architecture and system.
2.1. Hardware architecture
Figure 1 shows the design and schematic of the control system circuit. The components used in this
circuit are: Arduino Mega 2560, ESP 8266 (wifi module), two PIR sensors, six pushbuttons, 4 - channel
relay module, six pushbutton, six 10k ohm resistors, and three pieces 1k ohm resistor.
Figure 1. Schematic installation.
2.1.1. Arduino Mega 2560. Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller is a microcontroller that uses
ATmega2560 chip on the board [5]. Arduino Mega 2560 has 54 digital I / O pins (15 pins of which are
PWM), 16 pin analog input, 4 pin UART (serial port hardware). The Arduino Mega 2560 is equipped
with a 16 MHz oscillator, a USB port, DC power jack, ICSP header, and reset button. This board is very
complete, it already has everything needed for a microcontroller.
Figure 2. Arduino Mega 2560.
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International Symposium on Materials and Electrical Engineering (ISMEE) 2017 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 384 (2018) 012071 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/384/1/012071
1234567890‘’“”
2.1.2. ESP8266. ESP8266 is a wifi module that serves as a microcontroller enhancement such as
Arduino to connect directly to wifi and create TCP / IP connections. This module requires about 3.3v
power with three modes of wifi namely Station, Access Point and Both (tools). This module is also
equipped with processor, memory, and GPIO where the number of pins depends on the type of ESP8266
we use. This module can stand alone without using any microcontroller because it already has equipment
like the microcontroller [6]. The default firmware used by this device uses AT Command.
Figure 3. ESP8266.
2.1.3. PIR sensor (HC-SR501). Passive infrared sensor (PIR sensor) is an electronic sensor used for
motion detection from a distance of about 20 feet, this sensor has an adjustable delay time of about 2 -
4 seconds. This sensor is most often used in motion detectors in a room [7]. In this system control, PIR
sensor is used as an indicator of activity in the room and also as a switch that turns off the lights when
there is no activity in the room.
Figure 4. PIR sensor.
2.1.4. Relay module. The relay is electrically operated and is an electromechanical component
consisting of two main parts namely Electromagnet. Relays use the Electromagnetic Principle to drive
the switch contacts so that a small electric current can perform higher electrical voltages. In this control
system, relay serves as a connector and breaker voltage of the lamp.
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International Symposium on Materials and Electrical Engineering (ISMEE) 2017 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 384 (2018) 012071 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/384/1/012071
1234567890‘’“”
Figure 5. Relay module.
2.1.5. Push button. Push button switch is a simple device that functions to connect or disconnect the
flow of electric current with unlock press system. Unlock system here means the switch will work as a
connecting device or circuit breaker when the button is pressed, and when the button is not pressed, then
the switch will return under normal conditions. In this control system, pushbutton serves as a switch that
serves to turn off and turn on the lights.
Figure 6. Push button.
2.2. Software architecture
Software that is used in this research is Arduino IDE, application and web server cayenne.
2.2.1. Arduino IDE. Arduino IDE is software for writing and uploading programs into Arduino and
some other microcontrollers. Arduino IDE uses its own programming language that resembles the C
language.
2.2.2. Apps and web server cayenne. Cayenne is an application and web server to create project
internet of things. Cayenne has features for monitoring and controlling the objects connected to it. Using
Cayenne is very easy to use because it is only with visual drag and drop. Use of Cayenne on this project
as monitor and control the lights remotely manually and scheduled.
Figure 7. Logo Cayenne.
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International Symposium on Materials and Electrical Engineering (ISMEE) 2017 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 384 (2018) 012071 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/384/1/012071
1234567890‘’“”
2.3. System architecture
Figure 8. Architecture of smart lighting system.
As shown in Figure 8, the picture explains the architecture of intelligent control building lighting system.
This system is divided into two parts hardware and software. In the hardware, the section used a
smartphone / personal computer, ESP 8266 wifi module, Arduino Mega 2560, Pushbutton, Motion
Sensor (HC-SR501), Relay Module, Lamp, and other supporting components. On software using
Arduino IDE, Cayenne Application for smartphone and web server cayenne for a personal computer.
In this control system, pushbutton and sensor function as a giver input digital signal I / O on Arduino.
Then Arduino will receive a digital signal so that the relay will set the lights to turn on or off. At the
same time, Arduino Mega 2560 will transfer information to app or web server cayenne by using wifi
module so it can monitor in real time.
Using the Cayenne app and web server not only as monitoring but also as a remote control so that
can turn on and off the lights with automatic or manual. This control system uses a motion sensor that
serves as an indicator of activity in the room and as a switch to turns off lights automatically when there
is no activity in the room.
Figure 9. Architecture of smart lighting system.
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International Symposium on Materials and Electrical Engineering (ISMEE) 2017 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 384 (2018) 012071 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/384/1/012071
1234567890‘’“”
As shown in Figure 9, the picture describes the design of miniature smart building lighting system.
In each room, there is one ON switch and one OFF switch, one lamp and one motion sensor. Outside
the room, there is one lamp and two switches to turn off and turn on the light manually.
3. Results and discussion
The result of this project is a building prototype by using a lighting control system connected to the
application and web server cayenne so that it can be controlled and viewed remotely in real-time.
Figure 10. Display on the web dashboard and Cayenne apps.
Based on the prototype can be seen in figure 10, the light will light up when pushbutton ON is pressed
so that the relay will be in high position and when pushbutton OFF at press lamp will go off. The lights
can also be switched on or off via the internet by pressing the light icon on the web server or mobile
application. When there is activity in the room PIR sensor will provide information through ESP8266
which can be seen on the web server and mobile application in the form of motion icon. This sensor also
serves as an automatic switch that turns off the lights when there is no activity in the room.
Figure 11. Hardware system.
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International Symposium on Materials and Electrical Engineering (ISMEE) 2017 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 384 (2018) 012071 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/384/1/012071
1234567890‘’“”
In figure 11. Showed the hardware for lighting control system in buildings. This prototype has several
that is the mismatch between the goals with the results achieved. These constraints include:
In the planning of this project, the prototype consists of 2 floors each floor has 2 rooms and 1 lamp
outside. Due to a hardware error so it is not in accordance with the planning.
There is still a delay time exchange of information between hardware and web server or application.
Sometimes hardware is not connected to the Internet network because ESP8266 is not stable
The sensor used has a problem with sensitivity.
4. Conclusions
The smart lighting system in building in this project isn't too much developing as a whole. Although the
project is still many shortcomings, the system has been made in accordance with the purpose of the
smart lighting system. The purpose is to monitor and control the lights automatically or manually on the
building through the web server and applications using the concept of an internet of things so that it can
connect on personal computer or smartphone to efficiently energy and cost.
References
[1] Qi D, Lu G and Dai X 2017 “Design of Urban Greening Intelligent Monitoring System Based on
Internet of Things Technology,” 2017 9th Int. Conf. Intell. Human-Machine Syst. Cybern. pp.
317–321.
[2] Roohi M H, Khorsandi A, Setayesh A, Eslamieh A and Saidi H 2015 “Design and implementaion
of smart building lighting system,” 2015 Int. Congr. Electr. Ind. Autom. ICEIA 2015 pp. 7–
10.
[3] Wang Y and Dasgupta P 2015 “Designing an adaptive lighting control system for smart buildings
and homes,” ICNSC 2015 - 2015 IEEE 12th Int. Conf. Networking, Sens. Control pp. 450–
455.
[4] Park S, Member S, Seo S, Lee B and Byun J 2014 “An Energy Efficient Smart LED Lighting
System for Building Energy Management,” 18th IEEE Int. Symp. Consum. Electron. (ISCE
2014) pp. 1–2.
[5] Kusriyanto M and Putra B D 2017 “Smart Home Using Local Area Network (Lan) Based Arduino
Mega 2560,” Proc. - ICWT 2016 2nd Int. Conf. Wirel. Telemat. 2016 pp. 127–131.
[6] Walia N K 2016 “An IOT by Information Retrieval approach : Smart Lights controlled using
WiFi,” pp. 708–712.
[7] Kitbutrawat N, Yamaguchi H and Higashino T 2017 “Localization of Binary Motion Sensors in
House,” pp. 1132–1137.
