ISSN: 2320-5407 Int. J. Adv. Res.

11(10), 21-26

Journal Homepage: - www.journalijar.com

Article DOI: 10.21474/IJAR01/17674

DOI URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/IJAR01/17674

RESEARCH ARTICLE
CREATION OF AN INTELLIGENT SYSTEM FOR OPTIMIZING ELECTRICAL ENERGY
CONSUMPTION FOR LIGHTING IN A BUILDING FOR DOMESTIC OR ADMINISTRATIVE USE

W. Rodrigue Kabore1, Kossi Imbga B.2,3 and Ouedraogo Emmanuel2

1. EPO: Institute of Computer Engineering and Telecommunication Polytechnic, School of Ouagadougou/Burkina
Faso.
2. LETRE: Laboratory of Renewable Thermal Energy Joseph Ki-ZERBO University.
3. LAREME: Laboratory of Research in Energetics and Meteorology, Norbert Zongo University.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………....
Manuscript Info Abstract
……………………. ………………………………………………………………
Manuscript History This article consists of the implementation of an intelligent system for
Received: 05 August 2023 the management and optimization of electrical energy consumption in a
Final Accepted: 09 September 2023 building for domestic or administrative use. Waste of energy is usually
Published: October 2023 due to laziness, forgetfulness and ignorance.The systems that we have
proposed in this part are solutions for optimizing the consumption of
Key words:-
Arduino, Fritzing Software, Lucidchart, electrical energy for lighting. In the creation of these systems we used
Microcontrollers, Sensors two kinds of microcontroller cards such as the Arduino card and the
ESP8266 Wifi card to control our different sensors and system
components.The solutions that we will put in place must manage the
factors that lead to the waste of electrical energy in order to be able to
manage and optimize the consumption of electrical energy. Our system
is called intelligent because the entire lighting system can be done
remotely by sending SMS.

Copy Right, IJAR, 2023,. All rights reserved.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………....
Introduction:-
In recent years, humanity is facing several problems, excessive consumption of energy resources, air pollution,
global warming and the collapse of the global economic system [1]. Considering the importance of consumption in
the building sector, we see that it is necessary to promote the reduction and control of electricity consumption in the
residential and also tertiary sectors [2]. Since the 2000s, with the development of wireless technologies such as wifi
or bluetooth, the miniaturization of electronic components, the advent of mobile devices, the invasion of touch
screens and connected televisions, engineers can now offer the public products or connected objects or home
automation systems that are much more powerful and easy to use [3], intelligent systems can be considered today as
a response to the challenges of limiting energy consumption and hunting down waste. It is possible to reduce the
consumption of certain secondary devices during peak hours in order to save money and improve the stability of the
urban electricity network, domestic cookers.

Electric energy consumption in Burkina Faso is increasing by more than 13% per year. The electrical energy
distribution network is already struggling to meet the needs of the
customer base.This sometimes leads to voltage drops, load shedding and power outages. Furthermore, 14.5% of the
energy produced in Burkina Faso is devoted to lighting [3].

Corresponding Author:- W. Rodrigue Kabore

Address:- EPO: Institute of Computer Engineering and Telecommunication Polytechnic, 21
School of Ouagadougou/Burkina Faso.
ISSN: 2320-5407 Int. J. Adv. Res. 11(10), 21-26

The objective of this article is to propose an intelligent light source management system which will make it possible
to make the building intelligent by automating light sources; to prevent the unnecessary use of light sources and to
trigger the relays in the absence of movement and ambient light.With the aim of solving the problems related to the
management and optimization of electrical energy consumption resulting from improper use of electrical energy,
intelligent systems can be an essential solution for managing and optimizing electricity consumption. electric
energy. It is in this sense that we carried out an experimental study with a view to creating a computer program
using the Arduino software.

Materials and Methods:-

Materials used:-
Programming instead of traditional wiring has opened a new dimension to the management of electrical installations
in homes and buildings, making it possible to add, adjust, modify, change, or repair any function by just mouse
clicks. ProgrammingwithArduino software required the followingtools :
1. Use of Fritzing software for the design of the real view assembly;
2. Use of Lucidchart software to create the system operating flowchart;
3. Using an Arduino kit,
4. A relay module,
5. A GSM/GPRS module,
6. An ESP8266 card,
7. An HC SR 501 PIR module,
8. One (1) lamp,
9. A switch,
10. A 220V power source,

Methods used:-
One branch lamp with one (1) relay module
Three lamps connected in bypass with one (1) relay module

LDR ARD PIR

0

www.TheEngineeringProjects.com
ARD
TestPin
ON
Reset BTN

www.TheEngineeringProjects.com

Vcc OUT GND

AREF

LDR 13
1.0 PB5/SCK
12
LDR PB4/MISO
RESET 11
~ PB3/MOSI/OC2A
10
~ PB2/OC1B
9
~ PB1/OC1A
8
PB0/ICP1/CLKO
ATMEGA328P-PU
1121

7 PIR
ANALOG IN

PD7/AIN1
6 PIR SENSOR
A0 ~ PD7/AIN1
5
PC0/ADC0
A1 ~ PD5/T1/OC0B
4
PC1/ADC1
RL

A2 PD4/T0/XCK
3
PC2/ADC2
A3 ~ PD3/INT1/OC2B
2
PC3/ADC3 PD2/INT0
A4 1
PC4/ADC4/SDA PD1/TXD
A5 0
PC5/ADC5/SCL PD0/RXD

L1
ARDUINO UNO
R RL
10k RLY-SPCO

12V
R1 L2
300R

R2 12V
L3
300R

R3 12V
300R

Figure1:- Connection mode.

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ISSN: 2320-5407 Int. J. Adv. Res. 11(10), 21-26

Painting1:- Details on the connection of the PIR with the ESP8266 card.
the ESP8266 card GPIO5 Vcc GND
PIR out Wine GND

Painting2:- Details on connecting the relay with the ESP8266 board.

the ESP8266 card GPIO0 +/Power GND
RELAY S Pin Wine GND

Painting3:- Details on the making of the GSM/GPRS module.

Microcontroller ATmega328
Operating voltage 5v
Input Voltage (recommended) 7-12v
Input Voltage (limits) 6-20v
Digital I/O pins 14 (6 of which provide PWM output)
PWM digital I/O clamps 6
Analog Input Pins 6 (A0-A5)
DC current per I/O pin 20mA
DC current for pin 3.3V 50mA
Flash memory 32 KB (ATmega328P); 0.5 KB used by bootloader
SRAM memory 2KB(ATmega328)
EEPROM memory 1 KB (ATmega328P
Clock speed 16 MHz
LED_BUILTIN 13
Length 68.6mm
Width 53.4mm
Weight 25

Painting4:- Details on button connection with ESP8266 board and relay.

the ESP8266 card TX RX Wine GND
GSM RX TX Vbat GND
the ESP8266 card GPIO2 Vcc GND
button Pin button Wine GND

Painting5:- Characteristic of the Arduino board.

Arduinoboard A0 5V GND

LDR&R LDR&R LDR R

Realization of an automatic lighting triggering system

The twilight switch controls a light circuit depending on the ambient light outside. By combining this light detection
system with a presence detector, which operates by thermal signal detection, we obtain an efficient automatic
system. This system will be created with the

Arduino which we will program using the Arduino programming language, this programming will take into account
the brightness threshold taken as a function of the resistance used and the thermal signal emitted by the body.We
will explain the creation of the system, the operating principle and finally present the result obtained.

Principle of operation of the project

The automatic and manual lighting triggering system consists of the use of an automatic ignition system by sending
an SMS and by motion detection with the use of a switch which will give the possibility to the user to receive
notifications when the motion detection system will send an update which will alert the user about the status of their
lamp when there is no detection, and thus, the user will decide to send an instruction by SMS asking him to turn the
lamps on or off by controlling the switches.

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ISSN: 2320-5407 Int. J. Adv. Res. 11(10), 21-26

Figure 2:- System flowchart.

Presentation of the connection system

Figure3:- Connection diagram produced by FRITZING.

System Features
The materials used
1. Use of Fritzing software for the design of the real view assembly;
2. Use of Proteus software to design the assembly drawing;
3. Use of Lucidchart software to create the system operating flowchart;
4. Using an Arduino kit,
5. A relay module,
6. An Arduino Uno R3 board,
7. An HC SR 501 PIR module,
8. A light sensor,

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ISSN: 2320-5407 Int. J. Adv. Res. 11(10), 21-26

9. Lamp,
10. A 220V power source,
11. Voltage divider bridge: here the voltage divider bridge assembly is
12. used to provide a smaller voltage at the output of the LDR assembly to

(2)
Vs = (R × Vcc) / (R + LDR)

Painting6:- detail of connecting the pir module to earth.

Arduino 5V 2 GND
PIR module Vcc OUT GND

Creation of an automatic and manual lighting triggering system

The automatic and manual lighting triggering system consists of the use of an automatic ignition system by sending
an SMS and by motion detection with the use of a switch which will give the possibility to the user to receive
notifications when the motion detection system will send an update which will alert the user about the status of their
lamp when there is no detection, and thus, the user will decide to send an instruction by SMS asking him to turn the
lamps on or off by controlling the switches. In the remainder of this part of our work, we will explain the creation of
the system, its operating principle. The sensors can be coupled with remote monitoring equipment, remote
control,building a smart system based on Arduino improves the use of smartphones in smart homes so that they do
not affect the occupants of the house.During an intrusion, an alert message can be sent by e-mail or to a mobile
phone [6;7].

 Principle of theoperation

Figure4:- FLOW CHART of automatic and manual control system.

Obtained Results:-
The primary objective of our project which is the optimization of electrical energy consumption, the intelligent
system that we have put in place has some advantages.

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ISSN: 2320-5407 Int. J. Adv. Res. 11(10), 21-26

The program saves energy which can reach 35% to 45%, which results in a reduction in electricity bills [8].
Extending the life of lamps. It ensures the safety of people and property in the building. It also ensures the comfort
of the building’s occupants. It helps minimize stress linked to peaks in electricity consumption. It ensures and
improves the quality of supply, network security, and power supplied, with the reduction of outages, and to improve
peak management and avoid major blackouts [9].Our intelligent system has drawbacks that impact the life of the
system components as well as the operation of the system. The slowness of the system in meeting the intended
objective and reducing the efficiency of the system was also noted. The systems that we have proposed in this part
are solutions for optimizing the consumption of electrical energy for lighting. In the creation of these systems we
used two kinds of microcontroller cards such as the Arduino card and the ESP8266 Wifi card to control our different
sensors and system components.

Conclusion:-
This article consists of the design of an intelligent system for the management and optimization of electrical energy
consumption for lighting in a building for domestic or administrative use.We first carried out the study of the
generalities on the management and optimization of the consumption of electrical energy and on the lighting system,
we carried out the study of the materials used for the creation of our intelligent systems and finally we proceeded
with the realization of the project.The program makes it possible to save energy which can reach 35% to 45% which
causes a reduction in electricity bills which seems very important for saving energy in the building.

In this context we propose that the recommendations proposed for the maintenance of the system be taken into
account, and also for the optimization of a domestic building, we propose to use the Arduino card instead of the
ESP8266 card, because the ESP8266 board works with Wifi but in case there is no Wifi in the building it is better to
use Arduino board.

Bibliographies References:-
[1] BOUZIDI Karim: Study, Design and Construction of an Intelligent Building, master 2 in Electrotechnics,
University of Bejai, department of electrical engineering
https://univbejaia.dz/jspui/bitstream/123456789/18366/1/Etude%20Conception%20et%20R%C3%A9alisation%20d
%E2%80%99un%20B%C3%A2timent%20Intelligent.pdf
[2] RIM MISSAOUI BADREDDINE: Optimized energy management for a multi-source, multi-load intelligent
building: different validation principles. Other. University of Grenoble, 2012. French, page 14
https://theses.hal.science/tel-00742941/document
[3] HAMOUCHI. H, “Design and construction of an onboard “Smart Home” home automation center, Master’s
thesis, Mohammed V University of Rabat, Rabat, 2015.
https://docplayer.fr/49392195-Conception-et-realisation-d-une-centrale-entreprises-de-la-domotique-smart-
home.html
[4] NGUYEN Nhat Hai “Development of intelligent methods for the energy management of buildings, using
wireless sensors. Thesis University of Grenoble (2011)
https://theses.hal.science/tel-00682923/document
[5] Miss. MessaoudHanane: Development and simulation of a dedicated smart home for disabled people based on
IoT; Master's thesis in Telecommunications,
https://theses-algerie.com/2423193316339431/memoire-de-master/universite-abou-bekr-belkaid---tlemcen/smart-
house
[6]HEDED, AISSAM. “Energy optimization in smart buildings.” Master's thesis ECHAHID HAMMA LAKHDAR
D'EL OUED University, Algeria (2018).
http://dspace.univ-eloued.dz/handle/123456789/439
[7] COULIBALY, O: Contribution to the development of thermal and
energy of buildings in Burkina Faso: Multiparametric basic data and
thermo-aeraulic modeling using CoDyBa and TRNSYS. Doctoral thesis, University of
Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso (2011); 08/11/2022 at 10:52 p.m.
https://www.abapee.com/app/download/4721414/Rapport_Confe%CC%81rence_EERTB.pdf
[8]DEFEUILLEY, C. Company portrait: The energy transition - 1.Flow, 95, 65-76.(2014).
https://www.cairn.info/revue-flux1-2014-1-page-65.htm
[9] Ministry of Energy,: Bilan_des_Achievements_du_secteur_2017; 2018 edition.
https://energie.gouv.tg/

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