Review Worksheet 3.

1
A z-score represents:
o a) The percentage of values below a given point.
o b) The value itself within a dataset.
o c) The number of standard deviations a value is from the mean.
o d) The median of the dataset.

2
A percentile indicates:
o a) The average of a dataset.
o b) The range of values in a dataset.
o c) The percentage of values that fall below a specific point.
o d) The standard deviation of a dataset.

3
A z-score is a measure of relative location because it indicates:
o a) The absolute value of a data point.
o b) How far a data point is from the mean in terms of standard deviations.
o c) The total number of data points in a dataset.
o d) The range of values within a dataset.

4
A percentile is a measure of relative location because it tells you:
o a) The exact value of a data point.
o b) The number of standard deviations a data point is from the mean.
o c) The percentage of data points that are below a given data point.
o d) The average value of all data points.

5
In a normal distribution, approximately what percentage of data falls within 2 standard deviations of the
mean?
o a) 68%
o b) 95%
o c) 99.7%
o d) 50%

6
What proportion of values in a standard normal distribution (mean = 0, standard deviation = 1) lie
between z = -2 and z = 2?
o a) Approximately 0.68
o b) Approximately 0.95
o c) Approximately 0.997
o d) Approximately 0.50

7
Which of the following random variables is NOT discrete?
o a) The number of cars passing through an intersection in an hour.
o b) The height of a randomly selected student.
o c) The number of heads obtained in 10 coin flips.
o d) The number of defective items in a batch of 100.

8
Identify the random variable that is continuous:
o a) The number of emails received in a day.
o b) The weight of a bag of apples.
o c) The number of questions answered correctly on a test.
o d) The number of patients visiting a clinic in a week.
9 The number of ice cream cones a stand sells each afternoon has the following probability distribution:

X 1 2 3 4 5
P(X) 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.15 0.1
If each ice cream cone sells for $4, what is the expected daily total dollar amount taken in by the stand
from the sale of ice cream cones?
o a) $8.00
o b) $10.80
o c) $12.00
o d) $15.00
o e) $20.00

Let Y denote the number of customer complaints received daily at a customer service center. Suppose
the probability distribution of Y is:

Y 0 1 2 3 4 5
P(Y) 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.18 0.12 0.10

10
What is the probability that there are fewer than 3 customer complaints in a given day?
o (a) 0.35
o (b) 0.40
o (c) 0.60
o (d) 0.78
o (e) None of the above.

11
What is the probability that 2 to 4 (inclusive) customer complaints occur in a given day?
o (a) 0.20
o (b) 0.25
o (c) 0.30
o (d) 0.55
o (e) None of the above.

12
In a carnival shell game, a contestant guesses which one of 4 identical shells hides a prize. After each
guess, the shells are shuffled. If a person plays the game 3 times, what is the probability he or she wins
exactly 2 times?
o (a) 3/64
o (b) 9/64
o (c) 27/64
o (d) 1/4
o (e) 3/16

13
A carnival shell game has 3 identical shells, one of which hides a prize. After each guess, the shells are
shuffled. If a person plays the game 5 times, what is the probability he or she wins exactly 3 times?
o (a) 10/243
o (b) 80/243
o (c) 160/243
o (d) 1/3
o (e) 2/9

14
Which of the following is NOT a property of a binomial experiment?
o (a) The experiment consists of a fixed number of trials. 1

o (b) Each trial has only two possible outcomes, success or failure.
2 3

o (c) The probability of success varies from trial to trial.

o (d) The trials are independent of each other. 4
15
Which characteristic would violate the requirements of a binomial distribution?
o (a) Drawing 10 cards from a standard deck of cards with replacement.
o (b) Flipping a biased coin 20 times.
o (c) Measuring the height of a growing plant each day.
o (d) Asking 100 people if they prefer tea or coffee.

16
Which of the following is NOT a property of a geometric experiment?
o (a) The experiment consists of repeated trials. 1

o (b) Each trial has only two possible outcomes, success or failure. 2

o (c) The number of trials is fixed in advance.

o (d) The trials are independent of each other.

17
Which of these characteristics would invalidate a geometric distribution?
o (a) Tossing a coin until heads appear. 4

o (b) Rolling a die until a "6" is rolled.

o (c) Having a set amount of trials, then recording the amount of successes.
o (d) Drawing cards from a deck with replacement, until a ace is drawn.

18 Sarah drives to work, and her commute involves two segments: highway and city streets.
o The highway segment has a mean travel time of 20 minutes with a standard deviation of 5
minutes.
o The city street segment has a mean travel time of 15 minutes with a standard deviation of 3
minutes.
o Assume the travel times for the two segments are independent.
What are the mean and approximate standard deviation of Sarah's total commute time?
o (a) Mean: 35 minutes, Standard Deviation: 8 minutes
o (b) Mean: 35 minutes, Standard Deviation: 5.83 minutes
o (c) Mean: 30 minutes, Standard Deviation: 8 minutes
o (d) Mean: 30 minutes, Standard Deviation: 5.83 minutes

19
A factory has two machines producing widgets.
o Machine A produces a mean of 50 widgets per hour with a standard deviation of 8 widgets.
o Machine B produces a mean of 40 widgets per hour with a standard deviation of 6 widgets.
o Assume the production of the two machines is independent.
What are the mean and approximate standard deviation of the total number of widgets produced per
hour?
o (a) Mean: 90 widgets, Standard Deviation: 14 widgets
o (b) Mean: 90 widgets, Standard Deviation: 10 widgets
o (c) Mean: 80 widgets, Standard Deviation: 14 widgets
o (d) Mean: 80 widgets, Standard Deviation: 10 widgets

20 A quality control engineer inspects a large batch of computer chips. They randomly select and test 8
chips. Suppose that 2% of the chips are defective.
Which of the following expressions describes the probability that exactly two of the eight computer chips
are defective?
o (a) (8C2) * (0.02)6 * (0.98)2
o (b) (8C2) * (0.02)2 * (0.98)6
o (c) (8C2) * (0.02)2
o (d) (8C6) * (0.02)6 * (0.98)2
21
A printing company produces a large run of books. An inspector randomly selects and checks 5 pages.
Suppose that 0.5% of the pages have misprints.
Which of the following expressions describes the probability that exactly one of the five pages has a
misprint?
o (a) (5C1) * (0.005)4 * (0.995)1
o (b) (5C1) * (0.005)1 * (0.995)4
o (c) (5C1) * (0.005)1
o (d) (5C4) * (0.005)4 * (0.995)1

An insurance company is analyzing claims for medical expenses related to sports injuries. Let M be a
random variable representing the cost of medical claims for a randomly selected athlete. The probability
distribution of M is given below:

m 0 500 2000 5000

P(m) 0.70 0.10 0.15 0.05

22
Which of the following is the probability that the insurance company will have to pay a claim of at least
$2000 for a randomly selected athlete?
o (a) 0.10
o (b) 0.15
o (c) 0.05
o (d) 0.20
o (e) 0.25

23
What is the expected value of M?
o (a) $0
o (b) $450
o (c) $850
o (d) $1250
o (e) $2500

24
Which of the following is the best interpretation of the expected value E(M) that you found in Question
2?
o (a) If the company insures 10 athletes, they know they will incur 10 × E(M) in costs.
o (b) The maximum cost to the company for insuring this type of athlete is E(M) per athlete.
o (c) The company must insure at least E(M) of these athletes to make a profit.
o (d) If the company insures a large number of these athletes, they can expect the average cost
per athlete to be approximately E(M).
o (e) If the company insures a large number of these athletes, they can expect the variability in
cost per athlete to average approximately E(M)