MENG560
Machine Design I
Practice Assignment#4 Solution
Spring 2024-2025 semester
Problem 5-33
For the bracket shown in Figure P5-14 and the data in the row(s) assigned from
Table P5-3, determine the von Mises stresses at points A and B.
Fig. P. 5-14
Solution
1. Determine the reactions at the fixed support (wall)
:
F y = 0 R=F = 50 N
M z = 0 M -F L = 0 M = 5 N.m
M x = 0 T-F a = 0 T = 20 N.m
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2. State of stress at A
• Normal stress due to the bending moment M
• Shear stress due to the torque T
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• Shear stress due to shear force is zero at A since A is on the edge of the cross section
(QA=0).
3. State of stress at B
• Shear stress due to shear force R
• Shear stress due to the torque T
• Normal stress due to bending moment is zero at B since it is located on the neutral axis
(y=0).
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4. Determine of the principal stresses at A
5. Determine the principal stresses at B
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6. Determine the von Mises stress at A and B
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Problem 5-34
Calculate the safety factor for the bracket in Problem 5-33 using the distortion-
energy, the maximum shear-stress, and the maximum normal-stress theories.
Comment on their appropriateness. Assume a ductile material strength of Sy = 400
MPa (60 kpsi).
Solution
1. The safety factor at point A
2. The safety factor at point B
3. Conclusion
The critical point is point A which correspond to the lower factor of safety. It can be
concluded that the bending moment has more effect on the material than the shear
force. The distortion energy should be used since experimental data better describes
its boundary than the other theories.
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Problem 5-36
For the bracket shown in Figure P5-14 and the data in the row(s) assigned from Table
P5-3, redo Problem 5-33 considering the stress concentration at points A and B. Assume
a stress-concentration factor of 2.5 in both bending and torsion.
Solution
1. State of stress at A taking into account the stress concentration factor
• Normal stress due to the bending moment M
𝝈𝒙𝑨 𝒎𝒂𝒙 = 𝑲𝒕 𝝈𝒙𝑨
𝝈𝒙𝑨 𝒎𝒂𝒙 = 𝟐. 𝟓 × 𝟖. 𝟑𝟖 = 𝟐𝟎. 𝟗𝟓 𝐌𝐏𝐚
Where Kt is the stress concentration factor for bending, 𝝈𝒙𝑨 is the nominal normal
stress calculated in problem 5.33.
• Shear stress due to the torque T
𝝉𝒙𝒚𝑨 = 𝑲𝒕𝒔 𝝉𝒙𝒚𝑨
𝒎𝒂𝒙
𝝉𝒙𝒚𝑨 = 𝟐. 𝟓 × 𝟏𝟔. 𝟕𝟔 = 𝟒𝟏. 𝟗 𝐌𝐏𝐚
𝒎𝒂𝒙
Where Kts is the stress concentration factor for torsion, is 𝝉𝒙𝒚𝑨 is the nominal shear
stress calculated in problem 5.33.
2. State of stress at B taking into account the stress concentration factor
• Shear stress due to the shear force R
𝝉𝒙𝒚𝑩 = 𝝉𝒙𝒚𝑩 = 𝟎. 𝟔𝟐𝟒 𝑴𝑷𝒂
𝒎𝒂𝒙
The stress concentration factor for shear force is negligible
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• Shear stress due to the torque T
𝝉𝒙𝒚𝑨 = 𝝉𝒙𝒚𝑨 = 𝟒𝟏. 𝟗 𝑴𝑷𝒂
𝒎𝒂𝒙 𝒎𝒂𝒙
3. Principal stresses at A taking into account the stress concentration factor
4. Principal stresses at B taking into account the stress concentration factor
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5. von Mises stresses at A and B taking into account the stress concentration factor
6. Conclusion
The von Mises stresses at A and B increase from 30.2 MPa to 75.5 MPa and
from 27.9 MPa to 71.5 MPa, respectively when taking the stress concentration
factor into consideration. This is why the stress concentration factor in the
case of bending and torsion cannot be neglected in any design.
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Problem 5-81
A part has the combined stress state and strengths given (in MPa) of: σx = 70, σy = 35,
τxy = 31.5, Sut = 140, Suc = 140, Sy = 126. Using the Distortion-Energy failure theory,
find the von Mises effective stress and factor of safety against static failure.
Solution
• The 2D von Mises stress is calculated using the following relation
' = x2 + y2 − x y + 3 xy2
' = 702 + 352 − 70 35 + 3 31.52 = 51.79 MPa
• The factor of safety N against yielding is calculated using the following relation
𝑺𝒚
𝑵=
𝝈′
𝟏𝟐𝟔
𝑵= = 𝟐. 𝟒𝟑
𝟓𝟏. 𝟕𝟗
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