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basics_of_data_structures_student_notes

Data structures are essential for organizing and storing data efficiently, forming the basis of programming and algorithm design. They include linear structures (like arrays and linked lists), non-linear structures (such as trees and graphs), and hash-based structures (like hash tables). Mastering these structures is vital for developing efficient programs and solving complex computational problems.

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3 views2 pages

basics_of_data_structures_student_notes

Data structures are essential for organizing and storing data efficiently, forming the basis of programming and algorithm design. They include linear structures (like arrays and linked lists), non-linear structures (such as trees and graphs), and hash-based structures (like hash tables). Mastering these structures is vital for developing efficient programs and solving complex computational problems.

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vanshsingh20
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Basics of Data Structures Student Notes

1. Introduction

Data structures are ways of organizing and storing data to enable efficient access and modification.
They are foundational to programming and algorithm design.

2. Types of Data Structures

- **Linear Structures**: Arrays, Linked Lists, Stacks, Queues


- **Non-linear Structures**: Trees, Graphs
- **Hash-based Structures**: Hash Tables

3. Arrays

Fixed-size structures storing elements of the same type. Efficient for indexing but less efficient for
insertion/deletion.

4. Linked Lists

A sequence of nodes where each node contains data and a pointer to the next node. Variants
include singly, doubly, and circular linked lists.

5. Stacks and Queues

- **Stack**: Last-In-First-Out (LIFO)


- **Queue**: First-In-First-Out (FIFO)
Both are used in memory management, recursion, and scheduling.

6. Trees

Hierarchical data structure. Binary trees and Binary Search Trees (BSTs) are widely used.
Applications include databases and file systems.

7. Graphs

Consist of nodes and edges. Can be directed or undirected. Used in networking, navigation, and
social media modeling.

8. Hash Tables

Use hash functions to map keys to values. Offer average-case constant time complexity for search,
insert, and delete.

9. Conclusion

Choosing the right data structure is crucial for writing efficient programs. Mastery of data structures
is key to solving complex computational problems.

10. References

1. Cormen, T. H., Leiserson, C. E., Rivest, R. L., & Stein, C. (2022). *Introduction to Algorithms*.
2. Goodrich, M. T., & Tamassia, R. (2021). *Data Structures and Algorithms in Java*.

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