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HTML Classes - The Class Attribute

The HTML class attribute is used to assign one or more class names to HTML elements, allowing multiple elements to share the same styling. Classes can be utilized in CSS for styling and in JavaScript for element manipulation. The class name is case sensitive, and elements can belong to multiple classes, enabling flexible styling options.

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5 views10 pages

HTML Classes - The Class Attribute

The HTML class attribute is used to assign one or more class names to HTML elements, allowing multiple elements to share the same styling. Classes can be utilized in CSS for styling and in JavaScript for element manipulation. The class name is case sensitive, and elements can belong to multiple classes, enabling flexible styling options.

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HTML class Attribute


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The HTML class attribute is used to specify a class for an HTML element.

Multiple HTML elements can share the same class.

The class Attribute


The class attribute is often used to point to a class name in a style sheet. It can also
be used by a JavaScript to access and manipulate elements with the specific class name.

In the following example we have three <div> elements with a class attribute with the
value of "city". All of the three <div> elements will be styled equally according to the
.city style definition in the head section:

Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
.city {
background-color: tomato;
color: white;
border: 2px solid black;

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margin: 20px;
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}
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</head>
<body>

<div class="city">
<h2>London</h2>
<p>London is the capital of England.</p>
</div>

<div class="city">
<h2>Paris</h2>
<p>Paris is the capital of France.</p>
</div>

<div class="city">
<h2>Tokyo</h2>
<p>Tokyo is the capital of Japan.</p>
</div>

</body>
</html>

Try it Yourself »

In the following example we have two <span> elements with a class attribute with the
value of "note". Both <span> elements will be styled equally according to the .note
style definition in the head section:

Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
.note {
font-size: 120%;
color: red;
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}
</style>
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</head>
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<h1>My <span class="note">Important</span> Heading</h1>


<p>This is some <span class="note">important</span> text.</p>

</body>
</html>

Try it Yourself »

Tip: The class attribute can be used on any HTML element.

Note: The class name is case sensitive!

Tip: You can learn much more about CSS in our CSS Tutorial.

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The Syntax For Class


To create a class; write a period (.) character, followed by a class name. Then, define the
CSS properties within curly braces {}:

Example
Create a class named "city":

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
.city {

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5/8/25, 11:31 AM HTML Classes - The Class Attribute

background-color: tomato;
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padding: 10px;
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</style>
</head>
<body>

<h2 class="city">London</h2>
<p>London is the capital of England.</p>

<h2 class="city">Paris</h2>
<p>Paris is the capital of France.</p>

<h2 class="city">Tokyo</h2>
<p>Tokyo is the capital of Japan.</p>

</body>
</html>

Try it Yourself »

Multiple Classes
HTML elements can belong to more than one class.

To define multiple classes, separate the class names with a space, e.g. <div class="city
main">. The element will be styled according to all the classes specified.

In the following example, the first <h2> element belongs to both the city class and
also to the main class, and will get the CSS styles from both of the classes:

Example
<h2 class="city main">London</h2>
<h2 class="city">Paris</h2>
<h2 class="city">Tokyo</h2>

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Different Elements Can Share Same Class


Different HTML elements can point to the same class name.

In the following example, both <h2> and <p> point to the "city" class and will share the
same style:

Example
<h2 class="city">Paris</h2>
<p class="city">Paris is the capital of France</p>

Try it Yourself »

Use of the class Attribute in JavaScript


The class name can also be used by JavaScript to perform certain tasks for specific
elements.

JavaScript can access elements with a specific class name with the
getElementsByClassName() method:

Example
Click on a button to hide all elements with the class name "city":

<script>
function myFunction() {
var x = document.getElementsByClassName("city");
for (var i = 0; i < x.length; i++) {
x[i].style.display = "none";

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}
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</script>
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Try it Yourself »

Don't worry if you don't understand the code in the example above.

You will learn more about JavaScript in our HTML JavaScript chapter, or you can study
our JavaScript Tutorial.

Chapter Summary
The HTML class attribute specifies one or more class names for an element
Classes are used by CSS and JavaScript to select and access specific elements
The class attribute can be used on any HTML element
The class name is case sensitive
Different HTML elements can point to the same class name
JavaScript can access elements with a specific class name with the
getElementsByClassName() method

?
Exercise
True or False. The class name is case sensitive

True

False

Submit Answer »

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