CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN
Grammar:
Cách chọn mệnh đề “If”
1. S + V……, so/ therefore/ and/ that’s why + S + V
→ Dùng “if” cho vế đầu (nhớ bỏ “so/ therefore/ and/ that’s why”)
2. S + V……… because S’ + V
→ Dùng “if” cho vế sau “because” (nhớ bỏ “because”)
Cách làm mệnh đề “If”:
● Xác định vế phủ định
● Động từ ở quá khứ / “yesterday/ in 1999” → loại 3
Ex: Lan was late yesterday, that’s why she was punished.
If _________________________________________________________________________________________
Ex: If I ________________(know) you were in hospital, I _________________(visit) you
Ex: If they ____________________(listen) to the advice, they_______________________(encounter) such
problems.
Practice:
You didn’t buy more food, so we didn’t have enough for dinner.
➔ If
They didn’t take a compass; that’s why they got lost in the jungle.
➔ If
I went to university thanks to my father’s encouragement.
➔ If
Helen didn’t make a shopping list, and she forgot to buy some sugar.
➔ If
I didn’t notice you. That’s why I didn’t greet you.
➔ If
I didn’t know it was your birthday; that’s why I didn’t send you a card.
➔ I
I didn’t give you the news because you didn’t phone me yesterday.
➔ If
You made this terrible mistake because you didn’t listen carefully.
➔ You
We missed the train because we didn’t arrive on time.
➔ If
You weren’t there, so you couldn’t meet her.
➔ You
Choose A,B,C or D
Câu 1 [213152]: I would have visited you before if there ___ quite a lot of people in your
house.
A.hadn't B. hadn't been C.wouldn't be D. wasn't
Câu 2 [213153]: If you had caught the bus, you _____ late for work.
A.wouldn't have been B. would have been C.wouldn’t be D. would be
Câu 3 [213154]: If I _____, I would express my feelings.
A.were asked B. would ask C.had been asked D. asked
Câu 4 [213155]: If _____ as I told her, she would have succeeded.
A.she has done B. she had done C.she does D. she did
Câu 5 [213156]: Will you be angry if I _____ your pocket dictionary?
A.stole B. have stolen C.were to steal D. steal
Câu 6 [213157]: You made a mistake by telling her a lie. It _____ better if you _____ to her.
A.would have been / hadn't lied B. would be / didn't lie
C.will be / don't lie D. would be / hadn't lied
Câu 7 [213158]: John would be taking a great risk if he _____ his money in that business.
A.would invest B. invested C.had invested D. invests
Câu 8 [213159]: She wouldn't have given them all that money if we _____ her to.
A.wouldn’t advise B. won't advise C.hadn't advised D. didn't advise
Câu 9 [213160]: If the tree hadn't been so high, he _____ it up to take his kite down.
A.could have climbed B. climb C.is climbing D. climbed
Câu 10 [213161]: If the wall weren't so high, he _____ it up to take his ball down.
A.climbed B. could climb C.is climbing D. climb
Câu 11 [213162]: If I _____ her phone number, I _____ her last night
A.had known / could have phoned B. knew / would have phoned
C.know / can phone D. knew / could phone
Câu 12 [213163]: If he ______ the truth, the police wouldn’t arrest him.
A.tells B. told C.had told D. would tell
Câu 13 [213164]: If you press that button what _____?
A.would happen B. would have happened C.will happen D. happen
Câu 14 [213165]: She says if she _____ that the traffic lights were red she _____.
A. had realized / would stop B. realized / could have stopped
C.has realized / stopped D. had realized / would have stopped
Câu 15 [213166]: I am very thin. I think, if I _____ smoking, I might get fat.
A.stop B. had stopped C.will stop D. stopped
Câu 16 [213167]: If I _____ that yesterday, I _____ them now.
A.had discovered / would inform B. had discovered / would have informed
C.had discovered / could inform D. discovered / can inform
Câu 17 [213168]: If you _______ to the course regularly, they ________ a certificate last
year.
A.go / gave B. go / give C.had gone / would have given D. went / would give
Câu 18 [213169]: I think he is not at home. If he _____ in, he ______ the phone.
A.was / answered B. were / would answer
C.were / would have answered D. had been / would have answered
Read the sentences about what actually happened. Then write sentences about how
things might have been different. Use the third conditional.
Ex: We turned left and we got lost.
→ If we hadn’t turned left, we wouldn’t have got lost.
I didn’t go by train because the ticket was so expensive.
→
I didn’t meet you at the airport because I didn’t know when you were arriving.
→
We stopped at the service station because we were nearly out of petrol.
→
I wasn’t late for the meeting because I took a taxi.
→
I bought the tickets on the train because there wasn’t a ticket office at the station.
→
Exercise 1: Put the verbs in brackets in correct tenses.
1. If she (do) ________________ as I told her, she would have succeeded.
2. If I had known that you were in hospital, I (visit) ________________ you.
3. If you had caught the bus, you (not/be) ________________ late for work.
4. He (be) ______________ given the death penalty if he had been found guilty.
5. I wouldn’t have been so upset if Judy (write) ______________ to me earlier.
6. She wouldn’t have given them all that money if we (advise) ______________ her to.
7. If the tree hadn’t been so high, he (climb) ______________ it up to take his kite down.
8. If Columbus (not/receive) ______________ money from Queen Isabella, he (not/sail)
______________ across the Atlantic.
9. I would have visited you before if there (be/not) ______________ quite a lot of people in your
house.
10. You made a mistake by telling her a lie. It (be) ______________ better if you (not/lie)
______________ to her.
Exercise 2: Choose the best answers:
1. If he ______________ early, he could have left on the afternoon flight.
A. decided B. decides C. had decided D. would decide
2. If the doctor had arrived sooner, the boy ______________.
A. might be saved B. have been saved
C. was saved D. might have been saved
3. If I ______________ to him, I wouldn’t have lost my way.
A. would listen B. will listen C. had listened D. listen
4. If I ______________ it was a formal party, I wouldn’t have gone wearing jeans and a
jumper.
A. knew B. had known C. had been knowing D. could know
5. If it ______________ warm yesterday, we would have gone to the beach.
A. was B. were C. had been D. could be
6. If I had seen the movie, I ______________ you about it last night.
A. could tell B. will tell C. had told D. would have told
7. If he had left early, he ______________ us.
A. will call B. would call C. could have called D. could call
8. He didn’t hurry so he missed the plane.
a. If he hurried, he wouldn’t miss the plane
b. If he had hurried, he might catch the plane
c. If he had hurried, he could have caught the plane
d. he didn’t miss the plane because he hurried
9. The coffee was too hot for us to drink
A. Although the coffee was so hot we could drink it
B. If the coffee were not too hot, we could drink it
C. If the coffee had not been too hot, we could have drunk it
D. Because the coffee was too hot, we drank it
10.He had spent his money carelessly and became broke
A. If he doesn’t spend his money carelessly, he will not become broke
B. If he didn’t spend his money carelessly, he would not become broke
C. If he hadn’t spent his money carelessly, he would not have become broke
Bài tập làm thêm:
Question 1 [94840]: If the weather __________________ (be) nice yesterday, they
_________________ (play) football.
Question 2 [94841]: It was an awful meal. If we ___________________ (go) to a good restaurant,
we _____________________ (have) a better dinner.
Question 3 [94842]: If he had listened to me, he ______________________________ (not fail) in the
exam.
Question 4 [94843]: But for the storm, we _______________________ (not be) late for the
appointment.
Question 5 [94844]: The ambulance __________________ (come) earlier, the victim
_____________________ (not die).
Question 6 [94845]: If it ____________________ (be) for your absence yesterday, you
______________ (understand) the lesson today.
Question 7 [94846]: If the police ______________ (come) earlier, the burglar ___________________
(arrest).
Question 8 [94847]: Without his parents’ money, he ______________________________ (not
succeed).
Question 9 [94848]: If you ______________________ (remember) to fill up before the journey, we
wouldn’t have lost half an hour looking for a petrol station in an unknown city.
Question 10 [94849]: If I __________________(accept) the offer, I ________________________ (not
regret) now.
Question 11 [94850]: If he ________________(be) younger, he _____________ (take) part in the last
contest.
Question 12 [94851]: The accidents _______________________ (not happen) if the car in the
front _______________(not stop) so suddenly.
