Solutions

Question1
Arrange the following compounds in increasing order of their
solubilities in chloroform:

NaCl, CH3OH, cyclohexane, CH3CN

[NEET 2024 Re]

Options:

A.

NaCl < CH3CN < CH3 OH < Cyclohexane

B.

CH3 OH < CH3 CN < NaCl < Cyclohexane

C.

NaCl < CH3 OH < CH3 CN < Cyclohexane

D.

Cyclohexane < CH3 CN < CH3 OH < NaCl

Answer: A

Solution:

Since CHCl3 is an organic solvent so, covalent (non-polar) compounds will be more soluble in it. As the dipole moment
of solute increases, solubility in chloroform decreases. Hence increasing order of solubility.

NaCl < CH3 CN < CH3 OH < Cyclohexane

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question2
Mass of glucose (C6H12O6) required to be dissolved to prepare one litre
of its solution which is isotonic with 15gL−1 solution of
urea (NH3CONH2) is (Given: Molar mass in gmol−1 C : 12, H : 1, O : 16,
N : 14 )

[NEET 2024 Re]

Options:
@Simpli5yre
A.

55 g

B.

15 g

C.

30 g

D.

45 g

Answer: D

Solution:

For isotonic solutions [osmotic pressure must be equal]

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question3
The Henry's law constant (KH) values of three gases (A, B, C) in water
are 145,2 × 10−5 and 35 kbar, respectively. The solubility of these gases
in water follow the order:

[NEET 2024]

Options:

A.
B>A>C

B.
B>C>A

C.
A>C>B

D.

A>B>C

Answer: B @Simpli5yre
Solution:

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question4
During the preparation of Mohr's salt solution (Ferrous ammonium
sulphate), which of the following acid is added to prevent hydrolysis
of Fe2* ion?

[NEET 2024]

Options:

A.
dilute hydrochloric acid

B.
concentrated sulphuric acid

C.

dilute nitric acid

D.
dilute sulphuric acid

Answer: D

Solution:

During the preparation of Mohr's salt, dilute sulphuric acid is added to prevent the hydrolysis of Fe2+ ion.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question5
The plot of osmotic pressure ( Π ) vs concentration (mol L−1) for a
solution gives a straight line with slope 25.73L barmol−1. The
temperature at which the osmotic pressure measurement is done is

(Use R = 0.083L barmol−1K−1)

@Simpli5yre
[NEET 2024]

Options:

A.

37∘C

B.

310∘C

C.

25.73∘C

D.

12.05∘C

Answer: A

Solution:

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question6
Which amongst the following aqueous solution of electrolytes will have
minimum elevation in boiling point? Choose the correct option :-

[NEET 2023 mpr]

Options:

A.

0.05M NaCl

B.

0.1M KCl

C.

0.1MMgSO4

D.
@Simpli5yre
1M NaCl

Answer: A

Solution:

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question7
In one molal solution that contains 0.5 mole of a solute, there is
[NEET-2022]
Options:

A. 500mL of solvent

B. 500g of solvent

C. 100mL of solvent

D. 1000g of solvent

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution

Molality is the moles of solute dissolved per kg of solvent therefore 500g, 1 molal solution contains 0.5 of solute, as

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question8
The density of the solution is 2.15gmL−1, then mass of 2.5 mL solution
in correct significant figures is :
[NEET Re-2022]
Options:

A. 53.75g

B. 5375 × 10−3g
@Simpli5yre
C. 5.4g

D. 5.38g

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution

In case of multiplication and division, the final result should be reported as having the same number of significant digits
as the number with least number of significant digits.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question9

where KH is Henry's Law constant in water. The order of their solubility

in water is:
[NEET Re-2022]
Options:

A. HCHO < CH4 < CO2 < Ar

B. Ar < CO2 < CH4 < HCHO

C. Ar < CO2 < CH4 < HCHO

D. HCHO < CO2 < CH4 < Ar

Answer: B

Solution:

@Simpli5yre
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question10
The following solutions were prepared by dissolving 10g of glucose
(C6H 12O6) in 250ml of water (P1), 10g of urea (CH 4N 2O) in 250ml of
water (P2) and 10g of sucrose (C12H 22O11) in 250ml of water (P3). The
right option for the decreasing order of osmotic pressure of these
solutions is :
[NEET 2021]

Options:

A. P2 > P1 > P3

B. P1 > P2 > P3

C. P2 > P3 > P1

D. P3 > P1 > P2

Answer: A

Solution:

● Osmotic pressure (π) = iCRT

where C is molar concentration of the solution
● With increase in molar concentration of solution osmotic pressure increases.
● Since, weight of all solutes and its solution volume are equal, so higher will be the molar mass of solute, smaller will be
molar concentration and smaller will be the osmotic pressure.
● Order of molar mass of solute decreases as Sucrose > Glucose > Urea
● So, correct order of osmotic pressure of solutionis P3 < P1 < P2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question11
The correct option for the value of vapour pressure of a solution at 45°C
with benzene to octane in molar ratio 3 : 2 is :
[At 45°C vapour pressure of benzene is 280 mm Hg and that of octane is
420 mm Hg. Assume Ideal gas]
[NEET 2021]

Options:

A. 160 mm of Hg
@Simpli5yre
B. 168 mm of Hg

C. 336 mm of Hg

D. 350 mm of Hg

Answer: C

Solution:

Given : nC : nC =3:2
6H 6 8H 18
3 2
So, χC = , χC H =
8H 6 5 8 18 5
ps = p°C χC H + p°C H χC
6H 6 6 B 8 18 8H 18
3 2
= 280 × + 420 ×
5 5
= 168 + 168
= 336 mm of Hg

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question12
The mixture which shows positive deviation from Raoult's law is
(2020)

Options:

A. Benzene + Toluene

B. Acetone + Chloroform

C. Chloroethane + Bromoethane

D. Ethanol+ Acetone

Answer: D

Solution:

Hydron bond of ethanol gets weakened by addition of acetone. Thus the mixture of ethanol and acetone show positive
deviation from Raoult's law.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question13
The freezing point depression constant (K f ) of benzene is
5.12K kgmol −1. The freezing point depression for the solution of
molality 0.078m containing a non-electrolyte solute in benzene is
(rounded off upto two decimal places) :
2020
@Simpli5yre
 ©

Options:

A. 0.80K

B. 0.40K

C. 0.60K

D. 0.20K

Answer: B

Solution:

∆T f = K f m = 5.12 × 0.078 = 0.399K = 0.40K

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question14
For an ideal solution, the correct option is
(NEET 2019)

Options:

A. ΔmixG = 0 at constant T and P

B. ΔmixS = 0 at constant T and P

C. ΔmixV ≠ 0 at constant T and P

D. ΔmixH = 0 at constant T and P.

Answer: D

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question15
The mixture that forms maximum boiling azeotrope is
(NEET 2019)

Options:

@Simpli5yre
A. heptane + octane

B. water + nitric acid

C. ethanol + water

D. acetone + carbon disulphide.

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
Maximum boiling azeotropes are formed by those solutions which show negative deviations from Raoult's law. H 2O and
H N O3 mixture shows negative deviations.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question16
Which of the following statements is correct regarding a solution of two
components A and B exhibiting positive deviation from ideal behaviour?
(Odisha NEET 2019)

Options:

A. Intermolecular attractive forces between A − A and B − B are stronger than those between
A−B

B. ΔmixH = 0 at constant T and P.

C. Δ mixV = 0 at constant T and P.

D. Intermolecular attractive forces between A − A and B − B are equal to those between A − B.

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
In case of positive deviation from Raoult's law, A − B interactions are weaker than those between A − A or B − B, i.e., in
this case the intermolecular attractive forces between the solute-solvent molecules are weaker than those between the
solute-solute and solvent-solvent molecules. This means that in such solution, molecules of A (or B ) will find it easier to
escape than in pure state. This will increase the vapour pressure and result in positive deviation.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question17
In water saturated air, the mole fraction of water vapour is 0.02. If the
total pressure of the saturated air is 1.2 atm, the partial pressure of dry
air is
(Odisha NEET 2019)
@Simpli5yre
 ©

Options:

A. 1.18 atm

B. 1.76 atm

C. 1.176 atm

D. 0.98 atm.

Answer: C

Solution:

pwater vapour = xwater vapour × ptotal = 0.02 × 1.2 = 0.024 atm

ptotal = pwater vapour × pDry air
⇒1.2 = 0.024 + pDry air
⇒pDry air = 1.176 atm
Partial vapour pressure is directly proportional to mole fraction, p ∝ x

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question18
If molality of the dilute solution is doubled, the value of molal
depression constant (K f ) will be
(NEET 2017)

Options:

A. halved

B. tripled

C. unchanged

D. doubled.

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
The value of molal depression constant, K f is constant for a particular solvent, thus, it will be unchanged when molality
of the dilute solution is doubled.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question19
Which of the following is dependent on temperature?
(NEET 2017) @Simpli5yre
Options:

A. Molarity

B. Mole fraction

C. Weight percentage

D. Molality

Answer: A

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question20
The van't Hoff factor (i) for a dilute aqueous solution of the strong
electrolyte barium hydroxide is
(NEET-II 2016)

Options:

A. 0

B. 1

C. 2

D. 3

Answer: D

Solution:

Being a strong electrolyte, Ba(OH )2 undergoes 100% dissociation in a dilute aqueous solution,
2+ −
Ba(OH )2(aq) → Ba(aq) + 2OH (aq)
Thus, van't Hoff factor i = 3.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question21
Which one of the following is incorrect for ideal solution?
(NEET-II 2016)

@Simpli5yre
Options:

A. ΔH mix = 0

B. ΔU mix = 0

C. ΔP = Pobs − Pcalculated by Raoult′ s law = 0

D. ΔGmix = 0

Answer: D

Solution:

For an ideal solution,

ΔH mix = 0, ΔV mix = 0,
Now, ΔU mix = ΔH mix − PΔV mix
∴ΔU mix = 0
Also, for an ideal solution,
PA = xApA°, pB = xBpB°
∴ΔP = Pobs − Pcalculated by Raoult's law = 0
ΔGmix = ΔH mix − T ΔSmix
For an ideal solution, ΔSmix ≠ 0
∴ΔGmix ≠ 0

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question22
Which of the following statements about the composition of the vapour
over an ideal 1: 1 molar mixture of benzene and toluene is correct?
Assume that the temperature is constant at 25°C. (Given, vapour
pressure data at 25°C, benzene = 12.8 kPa, toluene = 3.85 kPa )
(NEET-I 2016)

Options:

A. The vapour will contain equal amounts of benzene and toluene.

B. Not enough information is given to make a prediction.

C. The vapour will contain a higher percentage of benzene.

D. The vapour will contain a higher percentage of toluene.

Answer: C

Solution:
pBenzene = xBenzene p°Benzene
pToluene = xToluene p°Toluene
1 1
For an ideal 1: 1 molar mixture of benzene and toluene, xBenzene = and xToluene =
2 2
@Simpli5yre
 1 1
pBenzene = p° = × 12.8 kPa = 6.4 kPa
2 Benzene 2
1 1
pToluene = p°Toluene = × 3.85 kPa = 1.925 kPa
2 2
Thus, the vapour will contain a high percentage of benzene as the partial vapour pressure of benzene is higher as
compared to that of toluene.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question23
At 100°C the vapour pressure of a solution of 6.5g of a solute in 100g
water is 732 mm. If K b = 0.52, the boiling point of this solution will be
(NEET-I 2016)

Options:

A. 102°C

B. 103°C

C. 101°C

D. 100°C

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
Given : W B = 6.5g, W A = 100g,
ps = 732mm, K b = 0.52, T °b = 100°C, p° = 760mm
p° − ps n
= 2
p° n1
760 − 732 n2
⇒ =
760 100 ∕ 18
28 × 100
⇒n2 = = 0.2046 mol
760 × 18
ΔT b = K b × m
n2 × 1000
T b − T b° = K b ×
W A(g)
0.52 × 0.2046 × 1000
T b − 100°C = = 1.06
100
T b = 100 + 1.06 = 101.06°C

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question24
What is the mole fraction of the solute in a 1.00 m aqueous solution?
(2015)

Options:

A. 1.770 @Simpli5yre
B. 0.0354

C. 0.0177

D. 0.177

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
1 molal aqueous solution means 1 mole of solute is present in 1000 g of water.
1 1
∴xsol ute = = = 0.0177
1000 56.5
1+
18

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question25
Which of them is not equal to zero for an ideal solution?
(2015 Cancelled)

Options:

A. ΔV mix

B. ΔP = Pobserved − PRaoult

C. ΔH mix

D. ΔSmix

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
For an ideal ΔSmix > 0 while ΔH mix, ΔV mix and ΔP = 0

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question26
Which one of the following electrolytes has the same value of van’t Hoff
factor (i) as that of Al 2(SO4)3 (if all are 100% ionised) ?
(2015 Cancelled)

©
Options:

A. Al (N O3)3

@Simpli5yre
B. K 4[F e(CN )6]

C. K 2SO4

D. K 3[F e(CN )6]

Answer: B

Solution:

3+ 2−
Al 2(SO4)3 → 2Al + 3SO4 , i = 5;
3+ −
Al (N O3)3 → Al + 3N O3 , i=4
+ 4−
K 4[F e(CN )6] → 4K + [F e(CN )6] ,i=5
+ 2−
K 2SO4 → 2K + SO4 , i=3
+ 3−
K 3[F e(CN )6] → 3K + [F e(CN )6] ,i=4
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question27
−1
The boiling point of 0.2 mol kg solution of X in water is greater than
equimolar solution of Y in water. Which one of the following statements
is true in this case?
(2015 cancelled)
Options:

A. Molecular mass of X is less than the molecular mass of Y

B. Y is undergoing dissociation in water while X undergoes no change.

C. X is undergoing dissociation in water

D. Molecular mass of X is greater than the molecular mass of Y.

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
ΔT b = iK bm
For equimolal solutions, elevation in boiling point will be higher if solution undergoes dissociation i.e.,i > 1

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question28
Of the following 0.10 m aqueous solutions, which one will exhibit the
largest freezing point depression?
(2014)
Options:

A. KCl @Simpli5yre
B. C6H 12O6

C. AL2(SO4)3

D. K 2SO4

Answer: C

Solution:

ΔT f = i × K f × m
So,ΔT f ∝ i (van’t Hoff factor)

Hence, i is maximum i.e, 5 for Al 2(SO4)3

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question29
How many grams of concentrated nitric acid solution should be used to
prepare 250 mL of 2.0 M H N O3? The concentrated acid is 70% H N O3
(2013 NEET)

Options:

A. 70.0g conc. H N O3

B. 54.0g conc. H N O3

C. 45.0g conc. H N O3

D. 90.0g conc. H N O3

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
W × 1000 Mass 1000
M = ⇒2= ×
M w × V sol . (mL) 63 250
@Simpli5yre
 63
Mass = g
2
70 63
Mass of acid × =
100 2
Mass of acid = 45g

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question30
Vapour pressure of chloroform (CH Cl 3) and dichloromethane (CH 2Cl 2)
at 25°C are 200 mm Hg and 41.5 mm Hg respectively. Vapour pressure
of the solution obtained by mixing 25.5 g of CH Cl 3 and 40 g of CH 2Cl 2
at same temperature will be (Molecular mass of CH Cl 3 = 119.5 u and
molecular mmass of CH 2Cl 2 = 85u
(2012 Mains)

Options:

A. 173.9 mm Hg

B. 90.63 mm Hg

C. 347.9 mm Hg

D. 285.5 mm Hg

Answer: B

Solution:

(None):
P°CH Cl = 200H g, P°CH = 41.5mmH g
3 2Cl 2

weight 25.5
Moles of CH Cl 3 = = = 0.213
Moleccular weight 119.5
40
Moles of CH 2Cl 2 = = 0.470
85
0.213
X CH Cl = = 0.31
3 0.213 + 0.470
0.470
X CH Cl = = 0.69
2 2 0.213 + 0.470
PT = P°CH Cl X CH Cl + P°CH Cl X CH Cl
3 3 2 2 2 2

= 200 × 0.31 + 41.5 × 0.69

= 62 + 28.63 = 90.63

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question31
PA and PB are the vapour pressure of pure liquid components, A and B,
respectively of an ideal binary solution. If xA represents the mole
fraction of component A,the total pressure of the solution will be
(2012)
@Simpli5yre
 ©

Options:

A. PA + xA(PB − PA)

B. PA + xA(PA − PB)

C. PB + xA(PB − PA)

D. PB + xA(PA − PB)

Answer: D

Solution:

According to Raoult’s law,

P = xAPB − xBPB )...(i)
For binary solution,
xA + xB = 1, xB = 1 − xA.......(ii)
Putting value of xB from eqn. (ii) to eqn. (i)
P = xAPA + (1 − xA)PB = xAPA + PB − xAPB

P = PB + xA(PA − PB)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question32
200 mL of an aqueous solution of a protein contains its 1.26 g. The
−1
osmotic pressure of this solution at 300 K is found to be 2.57x10 bar.
1 −1
The molar mass of protein will be(R = 0.083 L bar mol − K )
(2011 Mains)

Options:

A. 51022 g mol −1
−1
B. 122044 g mol
−1
C. 31011 g mol

D. 61038 g mol −1

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
w
We know that πV = nRT,where n =
M
w
πV = RT
M

@Simpli5yre
 wRT 1.26 × 0.083 × 300
M = =
πV −3 200
2.57 × 10 ×
100
1.26 × 0.083 × 300 −1
= −3
= 61038gmol
2.57 × 10 × 0.2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question33
A 0.1 molal aqueous solution of a weak acid is 30% ionized.If K f for
C
water is 1.86° m ,the freezing point of the solution will be
(2011 Mains)

Options:

A. -0.18°C

B. -0.54°C

C. -0.36°C

D. -0.24°C

Answer: D

Solution:
We know that ΔT f = i × K f × m
Here i is van’t Hoff’s factor.
i for weak acid is 1 + α.
Here a is degree of dissociation i.e. 30%
1.e, 30/100=0.3
∴i = 1 + α = 1 + 0.3 = 1.3
ΔT f = i × K f × m = 1.3 × 186 × 0.1 = 0.24

∴ Frezing point= -0.24

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question34
Mole fraction of the solute in a 1.00 molal aqueous solution is
(2011)

Options:

A. 0.1770

B. 0.0177

C. 0.0344

D. 1.7700 @Simpli5yre
Answer: B

Solution:

Mole fraction of solute

Moles of solute
=
Mole of solute +moles of solvent
1 1000
= [∵Moles of solvent = = 55.56]
1 + 55.56 18
1
= = 0.0177
55.56
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question35
The van’t Hoff factor i for a compound which undergoes dissociation in
one solvent and association in other solvent is respectively
(2011)

Options:

A. less than one and greater than one

B. less than one and less than one

C. greater than one and less than one

D. greater than one and greater than one

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
From the value of van’t Hoff factor i it is possible to determine the degree of dissociation or association. In case of
dissociation, i is greater than 1 and in case of association i is less than 1.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question36
The freezing point depression constant for water is = 1.86°Cm−1.If
5.00gN a2SO4 is dissolved in 45.0gH 2O, the freezing point is changed by
-3.82°C. Calculate the van’t Hoff factor for N aSO4
(2011)

Options:

A. 2.05

B. 2.63 @Simpli5yre
C. 3.11

D. 0.381

Answer: B

Solution:

wB × 1000
We know that ΔT f = i × K f ×
mB × wA
Given:ΔT f = 3.82, K f = 1.86
wB = 5, mB = 142, wA = 45
ΔT × mB × wA 3.82 × 142 × 45
i= = = 2.63
K f × wB × 1000 1.86 × 5 × 1000
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question37
−1
A solution of sucrose (molar mass = 342gmol ) has been prepared by
dissolving 68.5 g of sucrose in 1000 g of water. The freezing point of the
solution obtained will be (K f for water = 1.86K kg mol−1
(2010)

Options:

A. −0.372°C

B. −0.520°C

C. +0.372°C

D. −0.570°C

Answer: A

Solution:

We know that,ΔT f = K f m
68.5
here, m = (1000g = 1kg)
342
∴ΔT f = 0.2000 × 1.86 = 0.3725°C
T f = 0 − 0.3725°C = −0.3725°C

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question38
An aqueous solution is 1.00 molal in KI. Which change will cause the
vapour pressure of the solution to increase?
(2010)
@Simpli5yre
 ©

Options:

A. Addition of NaCl

B. Addition of N a2SO4

C. Addition of 1.00 molal KI

D. Addition of water

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
Addition of water to an aqueous solution of KI causes the concentration of the solution to decrease thereby increasing the
vapour pressure. In the other three options the electrolytes undergo ionization, which leads to lowering of vapour
pressure.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question39
A 0.0020 m aqueous solution of an ionic compound [Co(N H 3)5(N O2)]Cl
freezes at −0.00732°C,Number of moles of ions which 1 mol of ionic
compound produces on being dissolved in water will be

(K f
C
= −1.86° m )
(2009)

Options:

A. 3

B. 4

C. 1

D. 2

Answer: D

Solution:

The number of moles of ions produced by 1 mol of ionic compound = i

Applying, ΔT f = i × K f × m
0.00732 = i × 1.86 × 0.002
0.00732
⇒i = = 1.96 = 2
1.86 × 0.002

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
@Simpli5yre
Question40
0.5 molal aqueous solution of a weak acid (HX) is 20% ionised. If K f for
water is 1.86K kg mol−1, the lowering in freezing point of the solution is
(2007)

Options:

A. 0.56 K

B. 1.12 K

C. -0.56 K

D. -1.12 K

Answer: B

Solution:

HX ⇌H++X−
1-α α α
Total = 1 + α
∴i = 1 + α = 1 + 0.2 = 1.2
∆T f = i × K f × m = 1.2 × 1.86 × 0.5
= 1.116K = 1.12K

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question41
Concentrated aqueous sulphuric acid is 98% H 2SO4 by mass and has a
density of 1.80gmL−1. Volume of acid required to make one litre of
0.1M H 2SO4 solution is
(2006)

Options:

A. 16.65 mL

B. 22.20 mL

C. 5.55 mL

D. 11.10 mL

Answer: C

Solution:

@Simpli5yre
H 2SO4 is 98% by weight.
Weight of H 2SO4 = 98g
Weight of solution = 100 g
Mass 100
∴ Volume of solution = = mL
Density 1.80
=55.55 mL=0.0555 L
98
Molarity of solution = M = 18.02M
98 × 0.0555
Let V mL of this H 2SO4 are used to prepare
1 liter of 0.1 M H 2SO4
∴ mM of concentration H 2SO4=mM of dilute H 2SO4
or, V × 18.02 = 1000 × 0.1
1000 × 0.1
or, V = = 5.55mL
18.02

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question42
During osmosis, flow of water through a semipermeable membrane is
(2006)

Options:

A. from solution having lower concentration only

B. from solution having higher concentration only

C. from both sides of semipermeable membrane with equal flow rates

D. from both sides of semipermeable membrane with unequal flow rates.

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
Osmosis is the phenomenon of flow of pure solvent from the solvent to the solution or from a less concentrated solution
to a more concentrated solution through a semipermeable membrane. Common semipermeable membranes are
permeable to certain solute particles also. Infact, there is no perfect semipermeable membrane. Therefore we can say
that flow of water through a semipermeable membrane takes place both sides with unequal rates.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question43
A solution of acetone in ethanol
(2006)

Options:

A. obeys Raoult’s law

B. shows a negative deviation from Raoult’s law

C. shows a positive deviation from Raoult’s law

@Simpli5yre
D. behaves like a near ideal solution.

Answer: C

Solution:

Both the components escape easily showing higher vapour pressure than the expected value

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question44
1.00 g of a non-electrolyte solute (molar mass 250gmol−1 ) was
dissolved in 51.2 g of benzene. If the freezing point depression constant,
−1
K f of benzene is 5.12 K kg mol , the freezing point of benzene will be
lowered by
(2006)

Options:

A. 0.2 K

B. 0.4 K

C. 0.3 K

D. 0.5 K

Answer: B

Solution:

1000 × K f × w 1000 × 5.12 × 1

m= or 250 =
W × ΔT 5.12 × ΔT

1000 × 5.12 × 1
∴ΔT = = 0.4K
5.12 × 250

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question45
A solution containing 10 g per d m3 of urea (molecular mass = 60 g
mol−1) is isotonic with a 5% solution of a non volatile solute is
(2006)

Options:

A. 200gmol−1
@Simpli5yre
B. 250gmol−1

C. 300gmol−1
−1
D. 350gmol

Answer: C

Solution:

For isotonic solution, osmotic pressure of urea = osmotic pressure of non-volatile solute
10 5 −1
= ⇒ m = 300gmol
60 × 1000 m × 100

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question46
The mole fraction of the solute in one molal aqueous solution is
(2005)

Options:

A. 0.009

B. 0.018

C. 0.027

D. 0.036

Answer: B

Solution:

1 molal aqueous solution means 1 mole of solute present in 1 kg of H2O.

1000
1 mole of solute present in mole of H 2O
18
1 18
X solute = = = 0.01768 ≈ 0.018
1000 1018
+1
18

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question47
The vapour pressure of two liquids P and Q are 80 and 60 torr,
respectively. The total vapour pressure of solution obtained by mixing 3
mole of P and 2 mol of Q would be
(2005)

©
@Simpli5yre
Options:

A. 72 torr

B. 140 torr

C. 68 torr

D. 20 torr

Answer: A

Solution:

By Raoult's Law
PT = p°PxP° + p°QxQ
3 2
where p°P = 80 torr, p°Q = 60 torr, xP = ; xQ =
5 5
3 2
PT = 80 × + 60 × = 48 + 24 = 72 torr
5 5

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question48
A solution has a 1: 4 mole ratio of pentane to hexane. The vapour
pressures of the pure hydrocarbons at 20°C are 440 mm Hg for pentane
and 120 mm Hg for hexane. The mole fraction of pentane in the vapour
phase would be
(2005)

Options:

A. 0.200

B. 0.549

C. 0.786

D. 0.478

Answer: D

Solution:
nC H 12 1
5
=
nC H 14 4
6

1 4
⇒xC H 12 =and xC H =
5 5 6 14 5
p°C H 12 = 440 mm Hg; p°C H = 120 mm Hg
5 6 14

Ptotal = p°C5H 12xC H 12 +p°C H 14xC6H 14

5 6

1 4
= 440 × + 120 × = 88 + 96 = 184 mm of Hg
5 5
By Raoult's Law, PC H = p°C H xC H ....(1)
@Simpli5yre
5 12 5 12 5 12
xC ⇒ mole fraction of pentane in solution
5H 12
By Dalton's Law, pC = x′C P...(2)
5H 12 5H 12
x′C ⇒ mole fraction of pentane above the solution.
5H 12
From (1) and (2)
PC H = 440 × 15 = 88 mm of Hg
5 12
⇒88 = x′C × 184
5H 12
88
x′ = ; x′ = 0.478
184
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question49
−1
A solution of urea (mol. mass 56gmol ) boils at 100.18°C at the
atmospheric pressure. If K f and K b for water are 1.86 and
−1
0.512K kg mol respectively, the above solution will freeze at
(2005)

Options:

A. 0.654°C

B. −0.654°C

C. 6.54°C

D. −6.54°C

Answer: B

Solution:

ΔT f & = K f m...(1)
ΔT b = K bm...(2)
ΔT f K
⇒ = f ....(3)
ΔT b Kb
ΔT f ⇒ depression in freezing point
ΔT b ⇒ elevation in b.pt.
K f = 1.86K kg mol−1
K b = 0.512K kg mol−1, ΔT b = 0.18
ΔT f 1.86
⇒ From eq. (3), =
0.18 0.512
⇒ΔT f = 0.654
⇒ f.pt. of urea in water = −0.654°C
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question50
A solution containing components A and B follows Raoult's law
(2002)

©
@Simpli5yre
Options:

A. A − B attraction force is greater than A − A and B − B

B. A − B attraction force is less than A − A and B − B

C. A − B attraction force remains same as A − A and B − B

D. volume of solution is different from sum of volume of solute and solvent.

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
Raoult's law is valid for ideal solution only. The element of non-ideality enters into the picture when the molecules of the
solute and solvent affect each others intermolecular forces.
A solution containing components of A and B behaves as ideal solution when A − B attraction force remains same as
A − A and B − B.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question51
A solution contains non volatile solute of molecular mass M 2. Which of
the following can be used to calculate the molecular mass of solute in
terms of osmotic pressure?
( m2 = mass of solute ,V = volume of solution, π = osmotic pressure )
(2002)

Options:

A. M 2 = ( ) V RT
m2
π

B. M 2 = ( )m2
V
RT
π

C. M 2 = ( ) πRT
m2
V

D. M 2 = ( )m2
V
π
RT

Answer: B

Solution:
n
For dilute solution, π = RT
V
m2
⇒πV = RT
M2
m2RT
⇒M 2 =
πV
@Simpli5yre
Question52
2.5 litre of 1 M NaOH solution is mixed with another 3 litre of 0.5 M
NaOH solution. Then find out molarity of resultant solution.
(2002)

Options:

A. 0.80 M

B. 1.0 M

C. 0.73 M

D. 0.50 M

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
Molecular weight of NaOH = 40
2.5 litre of 1M NaOH solution contain 40 × 2.5g of NaOH
3 litre of 0.5M NaOH solution contain 40 × 0.5 × 3g of NaOH
If these two solutions are mixed, the volume of the resultant solution = (2.5 + 3) = 5.5 litre.
5.5 litre of the resultant solution contain 40(2.5 + 1.5)g of NaOH
40 × 4 40 × 4
1 litre of the resultant solution contain g of NaOH = mole of NaOH
5.5 5.5 × 40
The molarity of the resultant solution = 0.727 ≈ 0.73M

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question53
The beans are cooked earlier in pressure cooker because
(2001)

Options:

A. boiling point increases with increasing pressure

B. boiling point decreases with increasing pressure

C. extra pressure of pressure cooker softens the beans

D. internal energy is not lost while cooking in pressure cooker.

Answer: B

Solution:

@Simpli5yre
The beans are cooked earlier in a pressure cooker because the boiling point decreases with increasing pressure. As the
pressure increases the particles come closer and due to their Kinetic energy and temperature inside the container
increases and thus the boiling point decreases which lead to faster cooking.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question54
Pure water can be obtained from sea water by
(2001)

Options:

A. centrifugation

B. plasmolysis

C. reverse osmosis

D. sedimentation.

Answer: C

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question55
From the colligative properties of solution, which one is the best
method for the determination of molecular weight of proteins and
polymers?
(2000)

Options:

A. Osmotic pressure

B. Lowering in vapour pressure

C. Lowering in freezing point

D. Elevation in boiling point

Answer: A

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

@Simpli5yre
Question56
The vapour pressure of benzene at a certain temperature is 640mm of
Hg. A nonvolatile and non-electrolyte solid, weighing 2.175g is added to
39.08 of benzene. The vapour pressure of the solution is 600mm of Hg.
What is the molecular weight of solid substance?
(1999)

Options:

A. 69.5

B. 59.6

C. 49.50

D. 79.8

Answer: A

Solution:

P° = 640mm, Ps = 600mm
w = 2.175g, W = 39.08g
From Raoult's law
P° − Ps w×M
=
P° W ×m
640 − 600 2.175 × 78
⇒ =
640 39.08 × m
⇒m = 69.5
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question57
How many g of dibasic acid (mol. weight 200) should be present in
100 mL of the aqueous solution to give strength of 0.1N ?
(1999)

Options:

A. 10g

B. 2g

C. 1g

D. 20g

Answer: C

Solution:
@Simpli5yre
The strength of the solution is 0.1 N
w
E
=
V ×N
1000 (
Equivalent weight =
200
2
= 100 )
100 × 0.1 × 100
⇒w = = 1g
1000

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question58
If 0.15g of a solute, dissolved in 15g of solvent, is boiled at a
temperature higher by 0.216°C, than that of the pure solvent. The
molecular weight of the substance (Molal elevation constant for the
solvent is 2.16°C ) is
(1999)

Options:

A. 10.1

B. 100

C. 1.01

D. 1000

Answer: B

Solution:

w = 0.15g, W = 15g, ΔT b = 0.216°C

K b = 2.16, m = ?
1000 × K b × w
As ΔT b =
m×W
1000 × 2.16 × 0.15
⇒m = = 100
0.216 × 15

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question59
The vapour pressure of a solvent decreased by 10mm of mercury when a
non-volatile solute was added to the solvent. The mole fraction of the
solute in the solution is 0.2. What should be the mole fraction of the
solvent if the decrease in the vapour pressure is to be 20mm of
mercury?
(1998)

Options:

A. 0.4
@Simpli5yre
B. 0.6

C. 0.8

D. 0.2

Answer: B

Solution:
x1( mole fraction of solute ) = 0.2
From Raoult's law,
P° − Ps
= x1
P°
10
⇒ = 0.2 ⇒P° = 50mm
P°
Again, when P° − Ps = 20mm, then
P° − Ps 20
= mole fraction of solute = = 0.4
P° 50
⇒ mole fraction of solvent = 1 − 0.4 = 0.6

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question60
A 5% solution of cane sugar (mol. wt. = 342 ) is isotonic with 1%
solution of a substance X . The molecular weight of X is
(1998)

Options:

A. 68.4

B. 171.2

C. 34.2

D. 136.8

Answer: A

Solution:

Cane Sugar X
W 1 = 5g W 2 = 1g

V 1 = 100 mL V 2 = 100 mL

= 0.1L = 0.1L
M 1 = 342 M2=?
For isotonic solutions, C1 = C2
W1 W2
=
M 1V 1 M 2V 2
5 1
⇒ =
342 × 0.1 M 2 × 0.1
@Simpli5yre
 342
⇒M 2 = = 68.4
5

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question61
Which of the following 0.10m aqueous solution will have the lowest
freezing point?
(1997)

Options:

A. KI

B. C12H22O11

C. Al2(SO4)

D. C5H10O5

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
Since Al2(SO4) gives maximum number of ions on dissociation, therefore it will have the lowest freezing point.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question62
What is the molarity of H 2SO4 solution, that has a density 1.84g ∕ cc at
35°C and contains 98% by weight?
(1996)

Options:

A. 18.4M

B. 18M

C. 4.18M

D. 8.14M

Answer: A

Solution:

We know that 98%H 2SO4 by weight means 98g of H@Simpli5yre

2
SO4 is present in 100g of solution.
Therefore, its weight is 98 and moles of H 2SO4
Weight of H 2SO4 98
= = =1
Molecular Weight 98
Mass 100 54.35
and volume of solution = = = 54.35 mL = L
Density 1.84 1000
Moles of H 2SO4 1 × 1000
Therefore, molarity of H 2SO4 = = = 18.4M
Volume (in litres) 54.35

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question63
The vapour pressure of CCl4 at 25°C is 143mmH g. If 0.5g of a non-
volatile solute (mol. weight = 65 ) is dissolved in 100g CCl4 , the vapour
pressure of the solution will be
(1996)

Options:

A. 199.34 mm Hg

B. 143.99 mm Hg

C. 141.43 mm Hg

D. 94.39 mm Hg

Answer: C

Solution:

Vapour pressure of pure solvent (P°A) = 143 mm Hg, weight of solute (w) = 0.5 g weight of solvent (W ) = 100 g,
molecular weight of solute (m) = 65 and molecular weight of solvent (M ) = 154
P°A − P wM 143 − P 0.5 × 154
= or =
P°A mW 143 65 × 100
or P = 141.43 mm Hg

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question64
The relationship between osmotic pressure at 273K when 10g glucose
(p1), 10g urea (p2), and 10g sucrose (p3) are dissolved in 250mL of
water is
(1996)

Options:

A. p2 > p1 > p3

B. p2 > p3 > p1
@Simpli5yre
C. p1 > p2 > p3

D. p3 > p1 > p2

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
Weight of glucose = 10g
Weight of urea = 10g and weight of sucrose = 10g.
Weight 10
The number of moles of glucose (n1) = = = 0.05
Molecular weight 180
10 10
Similarly, number of moles of urea (n2) = = 0.16 and the number of moles of sucrose (n3) = = 0.03
60 342
The osmotic pressure is a colligative property and it depends upon the number of moles of solute.
since n2 > n1 > n3 , therefore p2 > p1 > p3

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question65
The concentration unit, independent of temperature, would be
(1995, 1992)

Options:

A. normality

B. weight volume percent

C. molality

D. molarity

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
The molality involves weights of the solute and the solvent. since the weight does not change with the temperatures,
therefore molality does not depend upon the temperature.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question66
According to Raoult's law, the relative lowering of vapour pressure for a
solution is equal to
(1995)

©
Options:

A. mole fraction of solute

@Simpli5yre
B. mole fraction of solvent

C. moles of solute

D. moles of solvent.

Answer: A

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question67
How many grams of CH 3OH should be added to water to prepare 150mL
solution of 2M CH 3OH ?
(1994)

Options:

A. 9.6 × 103

B. 2.4 × 103

C. 9.6

D. 2.4

Answer: C

Solution:

since the molecular mass of CH 3OH is 32 , therefore quantity of CH 3OH to prepare 150mL solution of 2M CH 3OH

= ( 1000
2
) × 150 × 32 = 9.6g
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question68
At 25°C, the highest osmotic pressure is exhibited by 0.1 M solution of
(1994)

Options:

A. glucose

B. urea

@Simpli5yre
C. CaCl2

D. KCl

Answer: C

Solution:

In solution, CaCl 2 gives three ions, KCl gives two ions while glucose and urea are covalent molecules so they do not
undergo ionisation. since osmotic pressure is a colligative property and it depends upon the number of solute particles
(ions), therefore, 0.1 M solution of CaCl 2 exhibits the highest osmotic pressure.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question69
Which of the following salts has the same value of van't Hoff factor (i)
as that of K 3 [ F e( CN )6 ]?
(1994)

Options:

A. N a2 SO4

B. Al ( N O3 )3

C. Al 2 ( SO4 )3

D. N aCl

Answer: B

Solution:

+ 3
K 3[F e(CN )6] ⇌3K + [F e(CN )6]
3+ −
and Al (N O3)3 ⇌ Al + 3N O3
since both Al (N O3 right)3 and K 3[F e(CN )6] give the same number of ions, therefore they have the same van't Hoff
factor.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question70
If 0.1 M solution of glucose and 0.1 M solution of urea are placed on
two sides of the semipermeable membrane to equal heights, then it will
be correct to say that
(1992)

Options: @Simpli5yre
A. there will be no net movement across the membrane

B. glucose will flow towards glucose solution

C. urea will flow towards glucose solution

D. water will flow from urea solution to glucose.

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
There is no net movement of the solvent through the semipermeable membrane between two solutions of equal
concentration.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question71
Which one is a colligative property?
(1992)

Options:

A. Boiling point

B. Vapour pressure

C. Osmotic pressure

D. Freezing point

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
The properties which depend only upon the number of solute particles present in the solution irrespective of their nature
are called colligative properties. Lowering in vapour pressure, elevation in boiling point, depression in freezing point and
osmotic pressure are colligative properties.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question72
Blood cells retain their normal shape in solution which are
(1991)

Options: ©

A. hypotonic to blood

B. isotonic to blood
@Simpli5yre
C. hypertonic to blood

D. equinormal to blood.

Answer: B

Solution:

Blood cells neither swell nor shrink in isotonic solution.

The solutions having same osmotic pressure are called isotonic solutions.
When blood cells are placed in a solution of similar concentration as that of blood, then they neither swell nor shrink it
means the concentration of solution is same as that of inside the blood cells, i.e. they are isotonic to each other.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question73
Which of the following aqueous solution has minimum freezing point?
(1991)

Options:

A. 0.01mN aCl

B. 0.005mC2H 5OH

C. 0.005mM gI 2

D. 0.005mM gSO4

Answer: A

Solution:

Here, ΔT f = i × K f × m
van't Hoff factor, i = 2 for N aCl , so conc. = 0.02, which is maximum in the present case.
Hence, ΔT f is maximum or freezing point is minimum in 0.01 m N aCl .

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question74
The relative lowering of the vapour pressure is equal to the ratio
between the number of
(1991)

Options: ©

A. solute molecules to the solvent molecules

B. solute molecules to the total molecules in the solution

@Simpli5yre
C. solvent molecules to the total molecules in the solution

D. solvent molecules to the total number of ions of the solute.

Answer: A

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question75
All form ideal solution except
(1988)

Options:

A. C6H6 and C6H5CH3

B. C2H6 and C2H5I

C. C6H5 Cl and C6H5 Br

D. C2H5I and C2H5 OH

Answer: D

Solution:

Because C2H5I and C2H5 OH are dissimilar liquids.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question76
An ideal solution is formed when its components
(1988)
Options:

A. have no volume change on mixing

B. have no enthalpy change on mixing

C. have both the above characteristics

D. have high solubility.

Answer: C

Solution:

For ideal solution,

ΔVmixing = 0 and ΔHmixing = 0

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

@Simpli5yre