Correcting sight

and lenses used

Converging diverging commonly
·

are

and contact lens to correct defects of sight

in
glasses
lenses be used to correct
Converging long lighted
·
can

vision .

he used to correct
·

Diverging
lenses can
short-sighted
vision .

Use
of lenses to correct
short-sightedness
·

People
who are

short-sighted have
eyes
that are too
large They
! have

that curved than normal have that

eyes eyeball is
are more or an

long
too

This means
they cannot see

things that are

far
away,
and
things
that to them
only see are close
 Ray diagram for short sightedness (myopia)

FOCAL POINT
L
MEETS IN
FRONT OF
THE RETINA
-1

LIGHT RAYS
LENS

An eye that is short-sighted has a wider lens with a larger focussing power
so the light rays meet and form an image in front of the retina and not on it

This because the

is

eye refracte the

light
and
brings
it to a
focus
before it reaches the retina

In other words the

·

,
focus point is in
front of the retina at the

back of the
eye
· This can
be corrected
using
a concave or a
diverging lens front
in
of
the
eye
focus further at the retina
This
light
·

causes
to back ,
 The effect of a diverging lens on a short-sighted eye

DIVERGING LENS

FOCAL POINT
MEETS AT THE
RETINA

The diverging lens causes the rays to diverge before they reach the eye, so
the image is formed on the retina and not in front of it

Use
of lenses to correct
long-sightedness
that
·

Long-sighted prope
have
eyes
are "too small' .
They have eyes
that less curved than normal the too short
eyeball
are
or
is

cannot clearly
they
This
things
·

means that close

zee
are

and that far

only clearly things
can are

away
see
 Ray diagram to show long-sightedness ( HYPEROPIA)

FOCAL POINT
MEETS BEHIND
THE RETINA

An eye that is long-sighted has a narrower lens with a smaller focussing

power so the light rays meet and form an image behind the retina and not
on it

This because the

is

eye refracte the

light rays
and
they are

brought
to a
focus beyond the retina

In other words the

·

,
focus point is behind the retina at the

back of the
eye
· This can
be corrected
using
a conver or a
converging
lens in
front of
the
eye
· This causes

light to focus further forward ,

at the retina
 The effect of a converging lens on a long-sighted eye

CONVERGING LENS

FOCAL POINT
MEETS AT THE
RETINA

The converging lens causes the rays to converge before they reach the eye,
so the image is formed on the retina and not behind it
 A

Dispersion of light
dispersion of light
The is illustrated
by
the
refraction of white
light
by a
glass priem

containe the
light wavelengths of
White
all the coloure of the
epectrum
·

Each colour has different wavelength (and

·
a

frequency) ·

making up a

very
narrow
part of the
electromagnetic spectrum
·
White
light may separated
be into all
of its colors
by passing through
glass priem
a

by refraction
This is done

most while red

·
Violet
light
is
refracted the ,

light
is
refracted
the least .

to X
Refractive Index is A .

directly proportional to a
B . inversely proportional

the to
A
higher refractive
index causes speed of wave

B decrease in that medium

A. increase
.

A Some amount
All colors retracted by
.

are
amounts.
B .
different
spectrum
This
·

eplits up the colours to

form a

The is similar to how rainbow created

process
is

Dispersion of light through a prism

SPECTRUM

White light may be separated into all of its colours by passing

it through a prism
 The visible
spectrum of light

visible
light is
defined range of wavelengths
which
·

as a are

visible to humans.

only part ofepectrum

the detectable the
Visible
light by
·
is

human
eye
However it ,

only
takes
up
0 .
0035 %
of the whole

electromagnetic spectrum
In the natural world animals such birds ,
many
·

, as
,

bees and certain fish ,

are able to
perceive beyond
visible
light and can see infra-red and WV
wavelengthe
of light.

·
The seven
different of visible light
colours waves

correspond to
different wavelength
 · In order
of longest wavelength and lowest
frequency to

shortest
wavelength and
highest frequency :

·
Red

Orange
.

Yellow

Green

·
Blue

Indigo
· Violet

The dispersion of light creates the seven colours of the visible

spectrum

700 400

ROYGBIV
The colours of the visible spectrum: red has the longest wavelength; violet has
the shortest
 TC TIP:

To remember the colours of the visible spectrum you could remember

either:
The name “Roy G. Biv”

Monochromatic
light
·

A visible
light source
of single frequency (a single colour
a

is monochromatic

A laser beam monochromatic because it emits

single
·

is a

colour
of light.
A
C
B
A
B