Francisco E.

Barzaga Integrated High School

CONSTRUCTING INITIAL SHOPPING STYLE MODEL OF ADULT

WORKERS WITH GREY-COLLAR JOBS WITHIN BARANGAY SAN JOSE,
DASMARIÑAS CITY, CAVITE

A Research Paper Presented to

Senior Highschool Department
Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated Highschool
Dasmarinas City, Cavite

In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirement for the subject
Inquiries, Investigations, and Immersion
Academic Track
Accountancy Business and Management

by:
BONAGUA, JENNIE J.
DE LEON, ROCEL ANGELBERT C.
FALCOTELO, ANGEL NICOLE S.
LUDOVICE, MIKAELLA V.
NAGA, ALLEAH L
NOLASCO, ROWEE JOY C.
PAGUNALING, DHIL ASHLY M.
SANTOS, HANNAH C.

TAN 2023

i
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researchers would like to thank each member of the group who contributed for the

completion of this research.

First and for most a big thanks to almighty God for giving us the knowledge, strength,

ability and opportunity to undertake this research study. Without the guidance of the lord and his

mercy, we would not able to accomplish this research. To God be the glory!

Second, we would like to convey our sincere gratitude towards Ma’am Yamasaki Divina

for giving us invaluable guidance, advices, comments, suggestions, and most of all support that

help to the success of this research study. It was an honor to study and work under her guidance.

We also like to express our greatest gratitude to our families for their endless sacrifices,

love, and effort. This would not be possible without their support and consideration given to us.

Lastly, we appreciate and give thanks to our classmates and friends for giving us the support

and motivation.

ii
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER
I. THE PROBLEM and LITERATURE REVIEW

Background of the Study………………………………………………………………… 1-2

Literature Review………………………………………………………………………... 3-8

Statement of the Problem……………………………………………………………….. 9

Significance of the Study……………………………………………………………….. 10

Conceptual Framework…………………………………………………………………. 11-14

Scope and Limitation…………………………………………………………………… 15

Definition of Terms…………………………………………………………………….. 16

II. METHODOLOGY

Research Design……………………………………………………………………….. 17

Respondents of the Study……………………………………………………………… 18

Sampling Technique…………………………………………………………………… 19

Research Instrument……………………………………………………………………. 20

Data Gathering Procedure……………………………………………………………… 21-22

Analysis of Data………………………………………………………………………… 23

Potential Ethical Concern………………………………………………………………... 24

Informed Consent and Voluntary Participation…………………………………………. 25

III. FINDINGS and DISCUSSION

Findings and Discussion…………………………………………………………. 26-34

IV. SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Summary of the Study…………………………………………………………………... 35

Summary of Results…………………………………………………………………….. 35

Limitations……………………………………………………………………………… 36

iii
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………….. 37-38

Recommendation………………………………………………………………………… 37-38

REFERENCES………………………………………………………………………… 39-45

APPENDICES…………………………………………………………………………. 46-62

CURICULUM VITAE………………………………………………………………… 63-70

iv
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. The shopping style of grey-collar workers and the factors
that consist under them………………………………………………………….. 28
Table 2. The likeness of the respondents to practice their shopping style……… 33

v
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. The proposed shopping style model of adult grey-collar job workers…... 9

vi
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

ABSTRACT

Name: Rocel Angelbert C. De Leon

Jennie J. Bonagua
Angel Nicole S. Falcotelo
Mikaella V. Ludovice
Alleah L. Naga
Rowee Joy C. Nolasco
Dhil Ashly M. Pagunaling
Hannah C. Santos

Title: Shopping Preference Mode of Adult Workers

Withing Barangay San Jose, Dasmarinas City, Cavite

Key Concept: Shopaholics; Shopping Style; Shopping; Grey-collar Jobs

Strand: Accountancy Business and Management

Section: ABM 12 -Tan

Research Teacher: Ariane Yamasaki, LPT

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the shopping style preference of

shopaholics consumers among the adult grey-job workers in barangay San Jose. This research

aims to determine the different kinds of shopping style preference and how participants are

inclined to perform such styles. The researchers distributed questioners among the workers in

San Jose that has corresponding scores in it. Ten respondents that acquire the highest scores that

is able to meet the following requirements: shopaholic, financially stable, and lives in Barangay

San Jose are selected to an interview that was performed traditionally and through the use of

technology. The study had determined five shopping styles that are being practiced by adult

workers, mainly (1) Inventory Shopping; (2) Luxury Shopping; (3) Family Needs Shopping; (4)

Fashion Shopping; and (5) Random Shopping. Under these five shopping styles consists of ten

factors, these include: (1) Promising profit; (2) Daily Needs; (3) Child Satisfaction; (4) Price: (5)

Hobby; (6) Self-Satisfaction; (7) Brand; (8) Trends; (9) Sudden Interest; and (10) Coincidental

Circumstances. Lastly, this study suggest that the grey-collar job workers are able to adhere to

the following shopping style either consistently or random.

vii
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Shopping is significant to both individuals and the economy in the Philippines.

Shopping becomes an active activity for consumers of a certain product. However, different

category of consumers prefers different taste or preferences. It differs from each experience

and opinion. A customer always has an experience - good, bad or indifferent- when making

a purchase from a store (Berry, Carbone, & Haeckel, 2002). Hence, it is one of their bases

in their purchasing style preference. Shopping is a method of comfort and pleasure for

Filipinos, particularly during tough moments. Filipino people still choose to make

purchases in physical stores rather than online. Due to the rapid growth of internet, a lot of

people during pandemic tried online shopping. belonging is presence in traditional style

shopping environments. It's true when they say about seeing is believing, consumer would

mostly want to feel, see, and touch the product on the physical store because it gives people

no doubt about the product. Based on an analysis with the 2009 NHTS data, technology

has become a way of changing a person's life because here people have a convenient

method for people to shop online. The internet has also become an effective method to

make it easier for people to shop online. (Zhou and Wang, 2014). Online shopping saves

time and energy, but to be confident of what the consumers will buy, they will first look at

other people's reviews to see if it is trustworthy and whether the product being offered is of

excellent quality. The study will focus on determining the preferred shopping styles of the

adult grey-collar job workers within Barangay San Jose, Dasmarinas City, Cavite.

Shopping is a popular pastime for many individuals around the world. It involves browsing

through stores, looking at products and services, comparing prices, and ultimately making

1
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

purchases. Shopping can be done in person or online, and it often provides an opportunity

to socialize with friends or family members. Studying the shopping style preference of adult

workers is an important aspect of marketing research. Understanding the buying habits and

behavior of this group can help businesses develop effective marketing strategies to attract

and retain customers. Adult workers make up a significant portion of the consumer market,

and their preferences and needs are constantly evolving. By gaining insights into their

shopping patterns, businesses can tailor their products and services to better meet the

demands of this group.

2
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

LITERATURE REVIEW

SHOPPING STYLE PREFERENCE

Shopping preferences are related to someone likes or dislikes shopping methods

and are not influenced by consumers purchasing power. Shopping becomes an active

activity for consumers of a certain product. However, different category of consumers

prefers different taste or preferences. It differs from each experience and opinion. A

customer always has an experience - good, bad or indifferent- when making a purchase

from a store (Berry, Carbone, & Haeckel, 2002). A study by Perrine (2004) found that

consumers show preference or lack of preference for stores or brands by expressing a

favourable or unfavourable attitude towards the store. As shopping is one's habit-even it is

needs or wants. In accordance with, there are many styles preference a customer had. Be it

is online or traditional. Nevertheless, a latest study by Saheema and Milhana (2022) reveals

that price has a large impact on shopping preference of a customer. Disregard the types of

approaches on how they can purchase the product, price is still the basis. Another study on

the topic by Saheema and Milhana (2022) states that other factor that makes a customer

shopping style preference is conveniency. Other factor of shopping preference that emerge

from other literature is quality of product offered. Mall shoppers who perceive restorative

qualities hold favourable attitudes and exhibit positive behaviour toward the shopping

centre (Rosenbaum et al., 2016b). It states that quality is one reason why they choose a

certain product and change their shopping style preference. There is product with high

quality available on others that are not visible to the other side. Specifically in malls which

has the most high-quality product to offer. One work by (Berry, Carbone, & Haeckel, 2002)

found that customer with degree prefers buying in malls than in small stores. The works

3
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

reveals that more educated people value quality over price. Their preference on shopping

depends on the durability offered by the product.

According to Arnaudovska, Bankston, Simurkova and Budden., most of the

respondents from a college student women enjoy shopping more than men, others are with

their families or companions to ask for suggestions about what they want to buy while

shopping. However, shopping online is convenient and easy, but the respondents prefer

shop in-store for the better experience, and they can ask about the opinion of their

companions. (2010). To acquire a better understanding of the items so that they can

consider what is best to buy before purchasing, and this is why they would seek advice

while shopping. It's simple since it saves time and effort since they aren't obliged to leave

their house, however, there's a risk that the product they received online isn't what they

predicted, possibly since the quality of the products they purchased wasn't very excellent.

Thus, additionally they opt to buy from the market since they're able to carefully select

among the products what is truly the finest to buy and can determine if the product is new

or outdated. Consumers also understand that it is preferable to shop on the market since

there are plenty of bundles and discounts available on the products they may get.

Purchasing activity according to researchers developed by Aragoncillo and Orús

(2018) reveals that 40.0% of consumers spend more money than planned, in physical stores

compared to 25.0% in online purchases. This implied by the fact that customer must wait

for the delivered product when they buy online, and this time delay may make impulse

purchases unfeasible. The study by Chen (2018) shows that platform use habit, price

comparison preference, shopping independence preference and promotion marketing

quality were significantly associated with consumers’ use of mobile shopping

apps/websites. They also showed that promotion marketing quality, price marketing quality

4
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

and product marketing quality were the important marketing factors driving consumers’

user satisfaction of mobile shopping apps/websites. Base on the research women prefer to

buy from the market to be sure that the quality is good, and it is in order. It becomes more

convenient for women to buy from the market because they know that the quality is good.

(Balakrishnan and Jindger, 2020). Thus, additionally they opt to buy from the market since

they're able to carefully select among the products what is truly the finest to buy and can

determine if the product is new or outdated. Originally a traditional market is defined as a

physical place where buyers and sellers meet. Since online market became famous a lot of

consumers tried online market. Consumer are influenced by a number of social factors in

their buying behaviour, such as family, groups, social roles and status. Primary groups are

family, friends, neighbours or other groups that the consumer has regular yet informal

interaction. Consumers also understand that it is preferable to shop on the market since

there are plenty of bundles and discounts available on the products they may get. For the

Consumers' hedonic shopping motivations identified using six-factor scale is to develop

that consists of adventure, gratification, role, value, social, and idea. And, it can reflect the

value received from the multisensory, fantasy and emotive aspects of the shopping

experience (Reynolds,2003).

SHOPPING BEHAVIOURS

Since the onset of COVID, people's demand has changed due to the decline of media

or the internet, which is why attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioural control,

positive and negative anticipated emotions, as well as technological awareness, behavioural

or intentions have been affected (cited Francois, 2023). The features of the new fashion-

conscious consumer are also evaluated using novelty and fashion consciousness.

5
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

Customers who exhibit this trait are those who are fashion- and novelty-conscious, and they

frequently find excitement and pleasure in seeking out new and inventive products (cited

Scarlett Wesley Melody L. A. Lehew Kansas State University Arch G. Woodside Boston

College, 2006). This study has a presentation about the analysis of consumer behaviour

towards online shopping, it also has respondents for the collection of indications on popular

online shopping among the generations of consumers such as young people and others. The

other factor here when shopping online is that this often happens. It is because consumers

cannot physically touch, test, or try, and see the products so when once an order is placed,

there is a chance of getting the wrong product (cited Singh, 2023). Based on this study,

according to the researchers the impact of the environment. Shopper behaviour generally

focuses on design or retail environments that produce negative or positive to consumers

when what they buy is liked. Retailers and marketing researchers should reduce or

eliminate environmental irritants (cited d'Astous,2000). In this study is the personality

traits, affective characteristics, and cognitive components can all be used to predict the

shopping behaviours that is an emotional and unplanned decision-making behaviour

(Hatice Kafadar,2022). Functionality, privacy, trust, firm reputation, and perceived value

were discovered to be the key determinants of their purchasing behaviour. Previous

research has sought to identify purchased products and discover influencing elements of

buying behaviour among the student population. The majority of online students' purchases

are for mobile, electrical, and computer equipment (cited JA Bashir Guled Aden Farah

Mushtaq Ahmad Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN) Jamshid Ali University of Tabuk,

2018).

6
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

SHOPAHOLICS

Fashion and apparels are what people are looking for the most, people can quickly

see this when they shop because they can keep up with the trend or get inspired by fashion.

This is what people look at the most when they go shopping because it arouses the eyes of

others especially when they love to follow the fashion trend. Although, this is not the

answer of the respondents, but they chose it as retailing category (Murad and Salleh, 2014).

For instance, if a renowned artist or person's fashion is beautiful and they are popular, they

might inspire people to dress that manner since it is the new trend, thus adolescents would

seek online shops to stay up with the trend. The personality traits, affective characteristics,

and cognitive components can all be used to predict the impulsive buying behaviour that is

an emotional and unplanned decision-making behaviour (Hatice Kafadar, 2022). The

results of a study conducted by Daulay (2022) showed that shopaholic behaviour had a

significant effect on impulse buying and promotion had a significant effect on impulse

buying. According to this study shopaholics in the UK and Taiwan, concentrate on the

function of product knowledge and information search in comparing the shopaholics shows

a high country in compulsive buying and two online research revealed that Taiwanese

shopaholics scored higher on compulsive buying and had greater product knowledge than

average shoppers and there's a discussion on the implications of website advertisements

(cited Hui-Yi Lo, Nigel Harvey, Mary Thomson, 2012). The sentence of certain context

Using a variety of epistemological frameworks, Globetrotting Shopaholics investigates the

consumer spaces, products, and their cultural settings to investigate how material

possessions and lifestyles are gathered and portrayed globally and how they shape who we

are as human being. And also, it explains the international trends in the politics of

consumption, and how they affect the creation of spaces for consumers, which, in the book

7
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

of Annessa Ann Babic, Tanfer Emin Tun (2009), takes the form of many global places

including Canada's West Edmonton Mall, Japanese theme parks, shopping venues in the

Philippines and for products it can define consumer spaces are who we are as human being

as they say.

8
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:

1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of:

1.1 Age

1.2 Occupation

2. What are the factors being considered by the respondents in shopping?

3. Which among these factors affirm to the determinants of the shopping style

preference?

4. How likely are the respondents adhere to the shopping style?

9
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The research is expected to uphold its importance to provide benefits to the

following:

• Adult Workers. The findings of this research will be a great help for adult

workers in identifying what type of shopper they are. This way they will be

aware of their shopping behaviour as well as the factors that make them

inclined to practice such way of shopping.

• Employees / Sales Person. Through the results of this study, they can be able

to acquire valuable information pertaining to the shopping patterns and

habits of adult workers which may pose to be a great help in improving

customer satisfaction.

• Companies. They can learn to offer incentives or benefits that cater to the

shopping preferences of their employees such as discounts on certain brands

or flexible working hours that allow them to shop during break or free time.

• Future Researchers. They can benefit from this study since they can use it

as a reference for their own work. They can use this research as an

inspiration for thinking up new problems that haven’t been thought of yet

or an area that covers a much wider scope.

10
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
T FAMILY NEEDS
R SHOPPING
A
D
I
T
I
O
N FASHION
A SHOPPING
L

SHOPPING
STYLE

LUXURY
SHOPPING

O
N RANDOM
L SHOPPING
I
N
E

INVENTORY
SHOPPING

Figure 1. The proposed shopping style model of adult grey-collar job workers.

Shopping style preferences vary from person to person. Some individuals prefer

shopping alone, while others enjoy the company of friends or family members. Some

shoppers like browsing through different stores and comparing prices before making a

purchase, while others opt for online shopping to save time and money. Shopping style

preferences can also be influenced by personal taste and lifestyle. For example, some

people may prefer high-end designer brands and luxury items, while others prioritize

practicality and affordability. Additionally, some individuals might prefer to purchase

products for their family rather than for themselves. Ultimately, everyone has their own

unique shopping style that reflect their personality, budget, and values.

The figure above was created by the researchers of this study to properly presents

the results of the data they have gathered in a way to help the participants of this study to

11
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

be aware of their shopping behavior. As seen in the figure, the researchers were able to

identify five (5) shopping styles. These shopping styles comprises of: (1) Inventory

Shopping; (2) Luxury Shopping; (3) Family Needs Shopping; (4) Fashion Shopping; and (5)

Random Shopping. These shopping styles were group into 3 types of shopping: Traditional; Online;

and Mixed. The traditional shopping style that was found in this study is the family needs shopping

style. On the other hand, online shopping styles include inventory shopping and random shopping.

Meanwhile both fashion shopping and luxury shopping both find themselves being practiced

through traditional and online way. (To see the factors that under the shopping style mentioned,

please see the results on p.

TRADITIONAL SHOPPING

This type of shopping involves a shopper being in a personal or face-to-face contact with

the product. Based on one of the works of Katawetawaraks, and Wang (2011), Customers cannot

utilize their senses when analyzing a product, thus making them prone to false sales. Therefore,

some customers chose to meet the product in person in order to evaluate it before deciding a

purchase.

Family Needs Shopping. Some adult workers are earning money not just for themselves but

for the family they currently have. This shopping style pertains to the selfless shopping behavior of

the participants with the desire to purchase a product. A study of Haselhoff, Faupel, and Holzmüller

in 2014 revealed that children have the ability to influence their parents both directly and indirectly.

This influence had shown to cause effect towards the shopping behavior of some workers, changing

the priority of the product they want to buy from themselves to their loved ones. The workers that

practice this shopping style find themselves to be cautious and critical when evaluating a product,

which are only effective when making personal contact with a product.

12
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

ONLINE SHOPPING

With the appearance of the pandemic, shopping online had become a trend towards the

masses. This type of shopping does not require the customer to have a personal contact with the

product. Shopping online only requires one to utilize a gadget to access a virtual market and can

shop as long as they like. A recent study of Schulze (2020) mentioned that unlike traditional

shopping, shoppers can have access to infinite choices and can purchase product without being

restricted by the geographical area.

Inventory Shopping. Despite already having the capability to earn money for themselves

and their family, there still exist an ambition to earn more beside their regular salary. This shopping

style is about buying products that can be recognized as profitable. Workers that practice this

shopping style tend to have the desire to gain profit and earn money outside of their current job.

However, this shopping style does not have strong evidence of being recognized as a shopping style

for the source of data that it originated from is scarce. Practitioners of this shopping style prefer to

browse for products online as the wide scope of the virtual market is a great advantage for picking

a suitable product to sell

Random Shopping. While other workers set a certain standard for a product that

they wany to buy, the individuals that execute this shopping styles tend to just go with the

flow while leaving the choices to fate. This style of shopping is all about browsing in the

internet just to waste time or because of a rush circumstances. Through browsing online,

workers may have an opportunity to encounter a product that may catch their interest.

Generally, this type of shopping style is unpredictable.

13
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

TRADITIONAL and ONLINE MIXED SHOPPING

Shopping styles that find themselves under this type of shopping are ways of

shopping that is favorable being practiced in both traditional and online way.

Fashion Shopping. One of the common reasons for people to shop is to look for

clothes. This style of shopping pertains to a workers’ desire to purchase product that will

improve or benefit their fashion style and receive satisfaction according to their own

fashion sense. Those that practice this shopping style place great importance to well-known

brands and are quite sensitive to the changes in trends.

Luxury Shopping. Another reason why people shop is to satisfy themselves. This

shopping style is all about purchasing products that can provide great relief and satisfaction

to oneself. Workers that implement this shopping style find themselves to priorities quality

than the price when buying as they believe that buying a product with great quality is more

than worth of its price.

14
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS

The research will focus on identifying the preferred shopping styles of adult grey-

collar workers within Brgy. San Jose and constructing a model from the data collected from

the respondents that best showcase each shopping styles. The study excludes issues that are

not related to shopping style preferences in any manner, such as problems which lie outside

of its scope. Furthermore, through an online survey questionnaire the researchers will

determine its respondents. Afterwards, ten (10) respondents will be chosen as they have

proved to be the most appropriate based on the criteria for the sample population needed

for the study. The study's results are solely applicable to the respondents; thus, they cannot

be used to determine the buying preferences of adult workers who do not meet the standards

set for the sample population.

15
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

DEFINITION OF TERMS

Preference

Conceptual: The act or state of preferring something.

Operational: It will be used to identify the variable of the study.

Shopaholics

Conceptual: It is a term used to call consumers that are quite addicted to shopping

Operational: They are the target sample population for the study.

Shopping

Conceptual: it is an activity in which a customer browses the available goods or services

presented by one or more retailers with the potential intent to purchase a suitable

selection of them.

Operational: It is part of the variable of the study.

Shopping Behaviour

Conceptual: It is the habits that people present when shopping

Operational: It is the pattern that will be used to identify the variable of the study.

Shopping Style Preference

Conceptual: It is the preferred way of shopping by the people

Operational: It is the variable that study is trying to determine or identify

16
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

Chapter 2

METHODOLOGY

This chapter introduces the methods and procedures that will be utilized in the

study, namely (a) Research Design, (b) Respondents of the Study, (c) Sampling Technique,

(d) Research Instrument, (e) Data Gathering Procedure, (f) Data Validation, (g) Analysis

of data and (h) Informed consent form and voluntarily participation.

REASEARCH DESIGN

This research will utilize Grounded Theory design as its research design. Hassan

(2022) defined grounded theory as a type of qualitative methodology that has the purpose

of generating theory through a “systematic process of data collection, coding,

categorization, and analysis to identify patterns and relationships in the data”. Additionally,

the researchers will do the study through a type of grounded theory called Constructivist

Grounded theory. The goal of this kind of grounded theory design is to understand how

people interpret the meaning of their experiences. To create categories that are based on the

data and the researcher's interpretations of the data, the process requires a subjective and

repetitive approach to data gathering, coding, and analysis. The categories are then

compared and combined to produce a theory that showcase the various viewpoints and

interpretations of the phenomenon that is being studied. Through an article of Fried (2020),

the fact that a model does not accurately reflect reality does not prevent it from offering

useful insights. Therefore, the model constructed by this paper should not be expected to

be accurate and precise as the capability of this study is to make an incomplete and

immature model.

17
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

RESPONDENTS OF THE STUDY

Sample participants in the study involve ten (10) adult grey-collar job workers. Signing

both an informed consent form and a voluntary agreement is required of the key informants.

Furthermore, the researchers chose the sample groups based on their credibility to collect primary

data through survey questionnaires and ensuring the participants' privacy by using codes and

pseudonyms. The research participants will be assured of their anonymity; hence, they are

purposely limited to simply the most basic demographic information possible. The researcher

utilized criterion sampling, selecting individuals who met the condition of interest for the aim of

the study. As a result, if the respondents meet the following requirements, they will be invited to

participate in this study:

(a) Should be a shopaholic;

(b) Should be able to have the ability to provide for themselves financially; (Earning at

least P 25,000 a month)

(c) Should be living in Brgy. San Jose Dasmarinas City, Cavite

IATF health and safety rules will be rigorously followed, monitored, and included in this

community quarantine sample selection and data gathering methods. Participants have the option

either a face-to-face (traditional) survey questionnaire or using an internet platform such as Google

form/Google Docs and alike. During fieldwork and surveys, the researcher and the participants

strictly enforced physical and social distancing.

18
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

SAMPLING TECHNIQUE

The researchers will employ a purposive sampling technique in selecting ten (10) possible

participants within Brgy. San Jose and using an online survey questionnaire. Arikunto (2010)

defines purposive sampling as the method of selecting a sample based on a specific purpose rather

than considering factors like level or area. Riyanto (2001) explains that the research technique

involves selecting a sample from the population based on specific purposes known to the researcher

from the start. Through purposive sampling, the researcher can choose representative samples that

accurately represent the population.

Initially, the researchers will administer an online questionnaire to potential participants,

aiming to assess their qualifications and determine if they meet the criteria as shopaholic buyers for

the study. Subsequently, the researchers will select the top 10 participants with the highest scores

from the questionnaire and invite them to take part in an interview specifically designed by the

researchers.

19
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

RESEARCH INSTRUMENT

The study will utilize closed ended questions in online survey questionnaires as well as

open ended questions to be used for the interview. The survey questionnaire that will be used is a

scaled by Bergen titled "Bergen Shopping Addiction Scale". The survey questionnaire will only be

used in order to identify the ten (10) participants that are most appropriate for the study. These ten

(10) respondents will be then invited to participate in an interview containing questions formulated

by the researchers through different kinds of related literatures.

The researchers will employ both traditional and online approach for giving the survey

questionnaires and conducting the interview. This is a precaution for the researchers to lessen the

inconvenience that may occur to the respondents for having limited knowledge in participating for

the online survey and interview.

20
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE

The researchers will be directed to follow the following procedures in conducting

data collection:

Phase 1: Authorization to conduct the research study. The researchers will

provide a proposal to their research adviser and waiting for their permission and

support to carry out the study.

Phase 2: Choosing the Respondents. The researchers will make use of

convenience sampling to choose 100 adults as their possible participants.

Filtering out the Respondents. The researchers will give one hundred (100)

adults withing Brgy. San Jose, chosen from convenience sampling, a survey

questionnaire which will be used to identify the proper respondents for the

study.

Phase 3: Identifying the Respondents. Through the computer-generated scores

of the respondents, the researchers will then choose ten (10) respondents with

the highest scores who will be participating for the interview. For the

participants that conducted the answering of the survey questionnaire

traditionally, the researchers will collect their answers and they will be the one

to input their answers to be assess by the computer.

Conducting the Interview. The 10 chosen respondents will be invited to

participate in an interview which could be conducted both traditionally and

online.

Phase 4: Analysis of Data. After collecting data from the respondents, the

researchers will them review and repeatedly analyze their answers in order to

create an accurate interpretation of the answers that was provided.

21
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

Phase 5: Coding and Generation of Themes. The researchers will categorize

the answers of the respondents in different themes depending on the

interpretation after the researchers analyzed the data.

Phase 6: Creating the Model. After the collected data has been categorized, the

researchers will then proceed to conceptualize a model with the guide of the

themes that have been organized.

22
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

ANALYSIS OF DATA

The researchers will make use of Thematic Analysis in order to properly organize

the data collected from the respondents. An article written by Caulfied (2022) described

thematic analysis as an analysis method of data from interview and transcripts where

researchers must identify patterns or ideas that have showcase themselves repeatedly from

the data that was collected. According to him, thematic analysis most commonly follows a

six-step process such as: “familiarization, coding, generating themes, reviewing themes,

defining and naming themes, and writing up”.

With the data collected from the respondents, the researchers will familiarize

themselves to the data through a repetitive review and analyzation. Afterwards, the

researchers will then provide interpretation based on what they have analyzed from the

gathered data. The interpretations provided by the researchers will then categorize based

on their similarities and will be used to generate themes, these themes will be named and

defined by the researchers.

23
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

POTENTIAL ETHICAL CONCERNS

SAFETY OF THE PARTICIPANTS

Researchers take precautions to avoid putting participants and communities at risk of

physical or psychological harm during their involvement in research. They ensure that participants

are fully informed about their roles in the research, including the nature of the study, the methods

used, and any potential risks. When submitting research articles, researchers are required to provide

accurate descriptions of the procedures used and the intended goals and objectives of their work.

All data should be openly reported in the paper, along with specific details and sources, to ensure

that the research can be replicated in the future. Any false or misleading claims in submitted

manuscripts would be considered violations of ethical publication standards.

VOLUNTARY PARTICIPATION

Researchers make sure that participants are informed about their involvement in the

research and obtain their consent before participating, and participants have the right to withdraw

at any time. Informed consent covers essential information about the research process that could

impact participants' decision to participate, including how the collected data will be utilized and by

whom.

CONFIDENTIALITY

Researchers ensure that the personal details of participants will not be accessible to

individuals who are not directly involved in the research. Maintaining confidentiality is clearly

stated during the informed consent process with participants. The privacy of participants must be

safeguarded by the researcher, and participants have the option to remain anonymous. If participants

choose anonymity, any identifying information should not be included in the reports prior to

publication. Respondents' forms should be securely stored, locked, and appropriately coded, with

access restricted to authorized individuals only.

24
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

INFORMED CONSENT AND VOLUNTARY PARTICIPATION

The following phases are included in the informed consent:

• Permission was readily granted (voluntary).

• The respondents understood what was expected of them.

Respondents will be sufficiently informed about the study, understand the subject,

and are granted the decision-making ability to choose whether or not to engage. Only after

providing a detailed description of the study method will the researchers acquire

respondents' assent to take part in this study. All respondents must give their informed

consent. They are provided enough time to ask inquiries and express their concerns. This

will make it clear that their involvement is entirely optional. The researchers will submit a

key informant information sheet to concretize the investigation. Respondents will be given

enough time to read the information sheet and select whether or not to participate in the

study. In this circumstance, the time frame ranged from 1 hour to 2 days. Respondents will

sign the informed consent form before the interview to imply their willingness to participate

in the study. They will verify this signature before and they will confirm this signature

before the interview to indicate their willingness to participate in the research study, and

they will confirm this signature prior to the questionnaire. The researchers will inform the

respondents that they can withdraw from the research at any time, even after they have

given their signed informed consent.

25
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

CHAPTER 3
FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION

FINDINGS and DISCUSSION:

In this study, the researchers utilized inductive coding analysis in order to answer

the following research questions: “What are the factors being considered by the respondents in

shopping?”, “Which among these factors affirm to the determinants of shopping style

preferences?”, and “How likely are the respondents adhere to the shopping style?”. The

researchers chose to use the answers of multiple participants rather than just focusing on one

participant as to outline the different shopping preferences that may be identified from the

shopping habits of grey-collar adult job workers. The data was collected through a one-on-one

interview with each of the participants and was then analyzed and coded thoroughly in order to

be able to categorize them into themes that will answer the research questions. In the present

study, the researchers have identified ten (10) factors that respondents consider when shopping

and was able to utilize these factors into sub themes which were then categorize into five (5)

themes that pertains to the shopping styles that is practiced by the participants. Furthermore, the

data analysis had shown that the participants both either consistently or coincidentally practice

these shopping styles when shopping.

BACKGROUND OF THE PARTICIPANTS

The participants of the study are adult workers with grey-collar jobs. 10 adult workers

were identified and chosen to participate in the study. The age of the respondents start from the

youngest age of twenty-eight (28) years old with the oldest among them that is fifty-three (53)

years old. For the data collection, the researchers were able to conduct a interview with four (4)

teachers, two (2) nurse, one (2) technicians, one (1) meter reader, and one (1) marine engineer.

26
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

The researchers were able to recognize that the respondents belong to the type of grey-collar job

workers. The USLegal Inc. defined grey-collar jobs as jobs that cannot be put in the same

category as the blue-collar and white-collar jobs but still possess some traits that belong to the

two.

SOP 2: What are the factors being considered by the respondents in shopping?

SOP 3: Which among these factors affirm to the determinants of the shopping style

preference?

A table was created in order to present the themes and sub themes that were created from

the data collected. This table showcase the factors that were identified and used to answer the

first research question as well as the themes that emerge after fusing factors that possess similar

patterns with each other. This table will be used to properly present each shopping style and their

consisting factors based on the second research question. At present, the table consist of five (5)

themes which pertains to the shopping styles that are being practiced by adult workers with grey-

collar jobs; these themes include (1) Inventory Shopping; (2) Luxury Shopping; (3) Family

Needs Shopping; (4) Fashion Shopping; and (5) Random Shopping. Furthermore, under these

five themes consists of ten factors that determines their shopping style. These factors are namely

(1) Promising profit; (2) Daily Needs; (3) Child Satisfaction; (4) Price: (5) Hobby; (6) Self-

Satisfaction; (7) Brand; (8) Trends; (9) Sudden Interest; and (10) Coincidental Circumstances.

27
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

Table 1. The shopping style of the grey-collar workers and the factors that under them.

SHOPPING STYLE FACTORS

Inventory Shopping Promising profit

Luxury Shopping
• Hobbies

• Self-Satisfaction

Price Equals Quality

Family Needs Shopping

• Daily Needs

• Child Satisfaction

Affordable Price

Fashion Shopping
• Brand

Trends

Random Shopping
• Sudden Interest

Coincidental Circumstances

Inventory Shopping

Promising profit. Despite the capability of maintaining financial stability, there still exist

ambition to earn more than what they are currently receiving. These workers desire to utilize the

opportunity offered in front of them to further improve their current lifestyle and build a steady

future for their own family. As one of the respondents have stated:

“Nagsoscroll lang ako sa tiktok, tas habang nag soscroll ako ay may nakasalubong ako na

isang live. Habang pinapanood ko yung live, nagandahan ako dun sa product. Tapos, biglang

pumasok sa isip ko na magugustuhan din to ng mga kasama ko sa trabaho kaya why not na ibenta

ko diba? (I was just scrolling through tiktok and while I was scrolling, I came across a live stream.

28
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

While I was watching the live, I took interest of the product. Ten, it came through my mind that the

product may also catch the interest of my co-workers so why not sell it to them.)”

Luxury Shopping

Hobbies. A very obvious and common reason for people to shop is to buy according to their

own interest. These workers utilize their desire to make use of their money to spend on things that

will provide them with relaxation and satisfaction outside of their own occupation. A participant

mentioned that:

“Binbili ko yung mga piyesa ng motor kasi gusto kong mapanatili at mapatagal ng maayos

ang aking motor. Hilig ko kasi alagaan ang aking motor kasi gusto ko yon at para di masayang

ung bili ko dun. (I always buy motor parts because I want to preserve and lengthen the quality of

my motor. I like to take care of my motor because I like it and so that I won’t waste the money I

spent on it,)”

Self-Satisfaction. Another reason that drive these individuals to shop is themselves. These

workers provide themselves satisfaction through buying products that provide a piece of mind in

order to relieve themselves from the stress brought by work. A respondent have stated:

“Mahilig talaga ako bumili ng mga jewelries o kaya yung mga crystals kasi wala lang.

Tuwing nakikita ko sila o nahahawakan parang may connection na nagaganap ganon, tas parang

nagseserve nadin siya sakin as a stress relief. (I really like to buy things like jewelries and crystals

just because. Whenever I look or touch them it’s like there is a connection happening or something

like that, and it also serve as my stress relief.)”

Price equals Quality. When shopping for a luxurious product, it is to be expected that those

that possess great and high-end quality will also have an expensive price. These workers identify

29
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

the quality of the product based on the amount it was put on, it is within their beliefs that the higher

price a product is, the better its quality. According to a respondent:

“Tuwing nagshohsopping ako at bumibili ng mga bag, although yung iba na mura ang

presyo ay maganda din ang quality kaso matatagalan pako kung iisa-isahin ko lahat yun, hindi

katulad nung mga bag na although may pagkamahal ay mostly naman ay magandang quality

talaga. (Whenever I am shopping for bags, although there exist cheap bags with great quality it

would be a waste of time to look for each one by one, not like the ones that, although are quite

expensive, are mostly high quality.)”

Family Needs Shopping

Daily Needs. Aside from their own personal benefits, the workers still include the ability

of the product to meet their needs for everyday life as a factor to be considered when shopping.

These individuals take great caution when selecting a product as they value the benefits that it

contains. A participant had mentioned in their statement:

“Kapag nabili talaga ako ng mga pang grocery ko, inuuna ko talaga lagi yung kailangan

naming sa bahay tulad ng mga toyo, suka ganon,, at ulam pa siyempre. (When I go to buy groceries,

I always prioritize to buy the ones that is needed in our house such as soy sauce, vinegar, and of

course dinner.)”

Child Satisfaction. Some workers put priorities of their shopping towards their family more

than themselves. These people provide themselves satisfaction through the satisfaction of their

family members, thus, their way of shopping is greatly influenced by their desire to satisfy their

loved ones. One of the participants shared:

“Gustong-gusto ko talaga bumili ng mga damit ng anak ko, tuwing makakakita ako ng mga

damit o kaya bag lagi kong naiimagine kung ano yung magiging itsura nila sa anak ko. Tas kapag

nakita kong masaya yung anak ko sa binigay ko sakanya, masaya nadin ako. (I really like buying

30
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

clothes for my child, whenever I encounter clothes or bags, I always imagine what they would look

like with my child. Then, if my child is happy with what I gave, I am happy as well.)”

Affordable Price. A very common factor that most people consider when shopping is the

price. These workers who are aware of the money they receive, place great importance to the price

of the product. The affordability of a product can greatly attract the interest of its buyers most

especially if they want to buy something for their family. A respondent said:

“Yung mga mura lang talaga ang hinahanap ko. Kasi buong pamilya ko yung pakakainin

ko eh, di naman pedeng laging mahal ung bilhin ko, although nabili ako ng mas mahal pero pa

minsan-minsan lang. (I only look for the cheap ones. This is because I have to feed my whole family

so I can’t just buy expensive food all the time, although we sometimes buy more expensive ones but

that does not happen often.)”

Fashion Shopping

Brand. When looking for the right clothes that best fit, it is important to look for the best

brand. These individuals base the quality of the product according to its brand. They believe that a

product made by a well-known and famous brand will always provide a satisfactory product with

great quality without any problem. A respondent expressed themselves by stating:

“Maganda kasi talaga bumili kapag kilala mo yung brand na pagbibilhan mo. Pag kilala

mo na kasi, bale wala kanang problema pag bumibili kasi alam mo na ung mga product na meron

ug brand na un. (Buying from a brand that you are familiar with is much better. If you are already

familiar with the brand, you do not have to worry much when buying because you are already

aware if what kind of product that brand has to offer.)”

Trends. With the help of social media, people can receive news quite fast. Through this,

people are able to identify the current trends that is favored by the masses. Workers’ way of

31
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

shopping are greatly influenced by the power of media. A change in trends will also cause a change

in the products that these adult workers will buy. The opinion of one of the respondents disclosed:

“Depende talaga kung ano ung trending sa panahon ngayon. Lagi kasi akong natingin sa

facebook o kaya tiktok ng mga magagandang damit, tinitignan ko lagi ung mga bago tas uso na

damit tas kapag bet ko siya edi binibili ko. (It really depends on what is currently trending. I always

check facebook or tiktok for pretty clothes, I always check if there is anything new and trendy, and

if I like it then I will buy it.)”

Random Shopping

Sudden Interest. Some individuals browse product despite having no intention to buy

anything. However, when a product shows a feature that can catch the interest of the onlookers,

some shoppers do not have the ability to resist. A respondent shared their experience:

“Wala naman akong main reason. Tuwing natingin ako sa mga nakadisplay kung saan-

saan, tas kung ano nalang yung magustuhan ko basta may pambayad ako bibilhin ko. (I don’t have

any particular reason. Whenever I am looking here and there, everything that caught my eye, as

long as I can afford it, I will buy it.)”

Coincidental Circumstances. Some workers let luck decide on their availability of their

purchase. Apparently, buying a product because of an uncontrollable phenomenon happens quite

often for dome of the participants. A respondent revealed:

“Depende talaga sa panahon. May mga time kasi na bigla nalang magkakabagyo kaya

kailangan bumili ng maraming pagkain agad, minsan naman kapag may bonus ay nabili ako ng

mga regalo para sa anak ko. (It depende really on the circumstances. There are times when a dtorm

is coming, so I have to buy a lot of food in advance, sometimes when I receive a bonus, I will buy

some gifts for my children.)”

32
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

SOP 4: How likely are the respondents adhere to the shopping style?

Table 2. The likeness of the respondents to practice their shopping styles.

Interpretation How often they shop

Consistent • Every Week

• 2 times a month

• At least every 2 weeks

Random • Depends on my mood

• Depends on the current circumstances

This table presents the two (2) ways the adult grey-collar job workers adhere to their shopping

styles. These two ways are: (1) Consistent; and (2) Random.

Consistent Shopping. Some of the respondents may not often practice their following

shopping style but the rate that they purchasing is constant and almost non-changing. They assign

themselves some type of quota so that there won’t be any fluctuations in their everyday life. A

participant stated their experience like so:

“Every week siyempre. Hindi ako pedeng magpaliban ng isang lingo kasi walang makakain

ang mga anak ko ah. (Of course, every week. I can’t miss a single week because there will be no

food for my children.”

Another respondent shared:

“Hindi naman weekly, basta 2 times a month. Kailangan ko bumili para mapanatili ng

maayos ang aking motor. (Not weekly, at least 2 times a month. I need to buy them in order to keep

my motor in great condition.)”

Random Shopping. A few of these workers does not practice their shopping style in any

fixed pattern. They mostly rely on luck or their current mood and status. These individuals do not

33
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

restrict themselves when shopping and mostly just like to go with the flow. A participant mentioned

in their statement:

“Wala naman akong specific time na sinusunod, kung kelan ko lang talaga nagustuhang

magshopping saka ako magshoshopping. (I don’t follow any specific schedule, only when I feel like

I want to go shopping will I do so.)”

34
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

CHAPTER 4
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

SUMMARY OF THE STUDY

This research paper dedicates itself to produce a model that is showcase or practiced by

adult workers, specifically those that belong to the category of grey-collar job workers when

shopping. The researchers were able to analyze 11 factors that make these workers inclined to shop

after performing an interview with each of the 10 chosen respondents that were chosen to participate

in the study. By utilizing the identified factors, the researchers of this study were able to construct

a premature model after identifying five (5) shopping styles that the adult workers execute when

they are shopping. Additionally, it was also found that these individuals are able to practice the

following shopping styles both consistently and randomly.

SUMMARY OF THE RESULTS

After the picking of the respondents as well as having a one-on-one interview with each of

them, the researchers were able to discover things that the participants consider when purchasing a

certain product. These reasons of buying a product were labeled by the researchers as factors that

can be used to identify their shopping styles. In the current study, researchers were able to analyze

ten (10) factors that influence the buying decisions of the adult workers. By combining the factors

that contains similarities, the researchers were able to construct five (5) themes that are

acknowledges as the shopping styles of the adult workers. Furthermore, it is found that the

respondents either consistently or randomly adhere to the following shopping styles.

35
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

LIMITATIONS

This research identifies the shopping styles that are practiced by adult workers with grey-

collar jobs within Barangay San Jose, Dasmariñas City, Cavite. The gathered data can help provide

the participants insights pertaining to their shopping behavior as well as the factors that affect it.

The results of this study were used to construct an incomplete model that represents the shopping

styles of the adult workers.

This study had some limitations to it. The research was only able to cover the area of

Barangay San Jose of Dasmariñas City in Cavite and nothing further than that. Another thing to

note is that the number of respondents chosen to participate in this research is only ten, the data

gathered with more respondents may come up as more detailed and accurate. Lastly, because of the

few quantity of data collected, the researchers were only able to construct an incomplete model that

presents the shopping style of the respondents.

36
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

CONCLUSION 1:

The data analysis had determined ten (10) factors that makes adult grey-collar job

workers inclined to shop. These factors are: (1) Promising profit; (2) Daily Needs; (3) Child

Satisfaction; (4) Price: (5) Hobby; (6) Self-Satisfaction; (7) Brand; (8) Trends; (9) Sudden

Interest; and (10) Coincidental Circumstances.

RECOMMENDATION 1:

The investigation was able to recognize ten factors that influence adult grey-collar job

workers in shopping. On this basis, future research should try utilizing quantitative design to have

the capability to gather data from a larger number of respondents in order to identify more factors

that affects grey-collar job workers’ shopping.

CONCLUSION 2:

By grouping and categorizing the factors, the researchers were able to determine 5

shopping styles that the participants of this study practice. These shopping styles include: (1)

Inventory Shopping; (2) Luxury Shopping; (3) Family Needs Shopping; (4) Fashion Shopping;

and (5) Random Shopping.

RECOMMENDATION 2:

This study had chosen adult grey-collar workers as its respondents. These respondents are

the primary source of the data used to construct the shopping styles; thus, the identified shopping

styles are applied exclusively to them. It is recommended to choose a different respondent in order

to determine other shopping styles that may exist.

37
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

CONCLUSION 3:

The study revealed that some of the workers chosen as the participants of this study are

able to consistently adhere to the shopping styles that they practice, while a few of them do it so

randomly.

RECOMMENDATION 3:

The research had shown that adult grey-collar job workers are able either consistently and

randomly execute the shopping styles. It is advisable to examine the effects of practicing these

shopping styles to the personal life of the adult workers.

38
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

REFERENCE

Anderson, B. (2014, April 7). Up To 80% Of Consumers Are Considered “Price

Conscious.” Retail TouchPoints.

https://www.retailtouchpoints.com/topics/customer-experience/up-to-80-of-

consumers-are-considered-price-conscious

Arnaudovska, E., Bankston, K., Simurkova, J., & Budden, M. C. (2010). University

Student Shopping Patterns: Internet vs. Brick and Mortar. Journal of Applied

Business Research, 26(1). https://doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v26i1.274

Arnold, M. A., & Reynolds, K. E. (2003). Hedonic shopping motivations. Journal of

Retailing, 79(2), 77–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-4359(03)00007-1

Aviv, Y., Tang, C. S., & Yin, R. (2009). Mitigating the Adverse Impact of Strategic

Waiting in Dynamic Pricing Settings: A Study of Two Sales Mechanisms.

International Series in Operations Research & Management Science, 353–370.

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-98026-3_13

Balakrishnan, L., & Jindger, G. S. (2020). Purakala (UGC Care Journal) BUYING

BEHAVIOUR AND SATISFACTION TOWARDS PURCHASE OF

GROCERIES IN. . . ResearchGate.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341902376_Purakala_UGC_Care_Journ

al_BUYING_BEHAVIOUR_AND_SATISFACTION_TOWARDS_PURCHASE

_OF_GROCERIES_IN_SUPERMARKETS_-

A_STUDY_ON_MILLENNIAL_WOMEN_IN_CHENNAI

Bashir, D. R., Mehboob, I., & Bhatti, W. K. (2019). EFFECTS OF ONLINE SHOPPING

TRENDS ON CONSUMER-BUYING BEHAVIOR: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY

39
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

OF PAKISTAN. Journal of Management and Research, 2(2), 1–24.

https://doi.org/10.29145/jmr/22/0202001

Bashir, J. A., Farah, G. A., Ahmad, M., & Bashir, S. (2018). Online Shopping Behaviours

among university Students. ResearchGate.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327175534_Online_Shopping_Behaviou

rs_among_university_Students

Berry, Carbone, Haeckel, 2002.What determine shoppers’ preferences for malls in an

emerging market. University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico.

https://drive.google.com/file/d/17_DgdhR8TIUsN2iInmxYnw8nz_l90oi5/view

Caulfield, J. (2022, November 25). How to do thematic analysis. Scribbr.

https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/thematic-analysis/

Chen, H.-J. (2018). What drives consumers’ mobile shopping? 4Ps or shopping

preferences? Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics. doi:10.1108/apjml-

08-2017-0167

Chipman, I. (2019). The power of brands, conscious and unconscious. Knowable

Magazine. https://doi.org/10.1146/knowable-020219-1

D’Astous, A. (2000). Irritating Aspects of the Shopping Environment. Journal of

Business Research, 49(2), 149–156. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0148-

2963(99)00002-8

Daulay, R. (2022). ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF SHOPAHOLIC BEHAVIOR

AND PROMOTION ON IMPULSE BUYING THROUGH E-COMMERCE ON

STUDENTS IN MEDAN. radjapublika.com.

https://doi.org/10.54443/ijerlas.v2i2.225

40
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

Erdem, A., Yılmaz, E., S. (2021) Investigation of hedonic shopping motivation effective

in impulse buying behavior of female consumers on Instagram

DOI:10.19168/jyasar.892799

Fried, E. I. (2020). Theories and Models: What They Are, What They Are for, and What

They Are About. Psychological Inquiry, 31(4), 336–344.

https://doi.org/10.1080/1047840x.2020.1854011

Gam, H., J. (2011). Are fashion-conscious consumers more likely to adopteco-friendly

clothing? DOI:10.1108/13612021111132627

Grey-Collar Worker Law and Legal Definition | USLegal, Inc. (n.d.).

Definitions.uslegal.com. Retrieved May 30, 2023, from

https://definitions.uslegal.com/g/grey-collar-worker/

Haselhoff, V., Faupel, U., & H. Holzmüller, H. (2014). Strategies of children and parents

during shopping for groceries. Young Consumers, 15(1), 17–36.

https://doi.org/10.1108/yc-03-2013-00366

Hassan, M. (2022, October 6). Grounded Theory - Methods, Example, Guide. Research

Method. https://researchmethod.net/grounded-theory/

Hossain, M. (2020, April 16). Less is More Expensive: Income Differences in Bulk

Buying. Papers.ssrn.com.

https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3472425

Kafadar, H., & Yilmaz, S. (2022). Impulsive Buying Tendecy: The Role of Cognitive

Factors, Personality Traits and Affect. Yaşam Becerileri Psikoloji Dergisi, 6(12),

127–142. https://doi.org/10.31461/ybpd.1170318

41
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

Katawetawaraks, C., & Wang, C. (2011). Online Shopper Behavior: Influences of Online

Shopping Decision. Ssrn.com.

https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2345198

Keena, M. (2023) What Is Impulse Buying and How Do You Encourage It. Shopify.

https://www.shopify.com/ph/retail/10-tactics-for-impulse-

buying#:~:text=Impulsive%20buying%20is%20a%20consumer

Khairudin Murad and Shahnon Mohd Salleh (2014). Confession of an Online Shopaholic:

Teenage Youths’ Purchasing Behavior towards Online Retailing Preferences.

International Journal of Social Science and Humanity, Vol. 4, No. 1, January

2014. http://www.ijssh.net/papers/314-B00019.pdf

Khare, A., Singh, S., & Khare, A. (2010). Innovativeness/Novelty-Seeking Behavior as

Determinants of Online Shopping Behavior Among Indian Youth. Journal of

Internet Commerce, 9(3-4), 164–185.

https://doi.org/10.1080/15332861.2010.529054

Lehto, X., Chen, S., & Silkes, C. (2014). Tourist Shopping Style Preferences [Review of

Tourist Shopping Style Preferences].

https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=39c3f4b48b39

79923e90af803a8249ecd6b83496&fbclid=IwAR0Y6N8tyEMhfiH2MyIucJEEZx

LOmy2x2SyEKHEEC4-MZrAHMPYU_Ha9kJY

Lo, H., Harvey, N., & Thomson, M. E. (2012). Information search and product

knowledge: Differences between shopaholics and general shoppers in the UK and

Taiwan. Journal of Customer Behaviour, 11(4), 348–370.

https://doi.org/10.1362/147539212x13546197910019

42
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

Lubis, A. N. (2018). Evaluating the Customer Preferences of Online Shopping:

Demographic Factors and Online Shop Application Issue. www.abacademies.org.

https://www.abacademies.org/articles/evaluating-the-customer-preferences-of-

online-shopping-demographic-factors-and-online-shop-application-issue-

7066.html

Mitchell, V., (1997) Exploring the concept of consumer

confusionhttps://www.researchgate.net/publication/291034836_Exploring_the_co

ncept_of_consumer_confusion

Nikolopoulou, K. (2022, August 9). What Is Convenience Sampling? | Definition &

Examples. Scribbr. https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/convenience-sampling/

Paulins, V. A., & Geistfeld, L. V. (2003). The effect of consumer perceptions of store

attributes on apparel store preference. Journal of Fashion Marketing and

Management: An International Journal, 7(4), 371–385.

https://doi.org/10.1108/13612020310496967

Perrine, William C., "A Comparison of the Shopping Preferences of College Age Apparel

Shoppers in Turkey and the United States" (2004). Master's Theses. 3987.

https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/masters_theses/3987

Purba, F. D. S., Sulistyarini, E., & Sadalia, I. (2018). The Influence of Product Quality on

Purchase Intention Through Electronic Words of Mouth in PT. Telkomsel Medan

[Review of The Influence of Product Quality on Purchase Intention Through

Electronic Words of Mouth in PT. Telkomsel Medan].

https://knepublishing.com/index.php/Kne-Social/article/view/3421/7203

Rodrigues RI, Lopes P and Varela M (2021) Factors Affecting Impulse Buying Behavior

of Consumers. Front. Psychol. 12:697080. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.697080

43
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

Rosenbaum et al., 2016b.A Comparative Study of Traditional Shopping and Online

Shopping: Special Reference to Dharga Town. ResearchGate.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/362887801_A_Comparative_Study_of_

Traditional_Shopping_and_Online_Shopping_Special_Reference_to_Dharga_To

wn

Samuel, M. (2018). ScholarWorks Strategies Retailers Use to Build Brand Loyalty and

Improve Customer Experience.

https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=&httpsredir=1&arti

cle=6166&context=dissertations

Schulze, J. (2020, December). Online and Offline Shopping: Decision Making Factors

that Influence Consumer Purchases.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/347446058_Online_and_Offline_Shoppi

ng_Decision_Making_Factors_that_Influence_Consumer_Purchases

Shugan, S. M. (1984). Price-Quality Relationships. ACR North American Advances, NA-

11. https://www.acrwebsite.org/volumes/6320/volumes/v11/NA-11

Singh, B. (2023). Consumer Behaviour Towards Online shopping. ResearchGate.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/368654016_Consumer_Behaviour_Tow

ards_Online _shopping

Thomas-Francois, K., Jo, W., Somogyi, S., Li, Q., & Nixon, A. (2023). Virtual grocery

shopping intention: an application of the model of goal-directed behaviour. British

Food Journal. https://doi.org/10.1108/bfj-06-2022-0510

Tunc, T. E., & Babic, A. (2008). The Globetrotting Shopaholic: Consumer Spaces,

Products, and their Cultural Places. ResearchGate.

44
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324861578_The_Globetrotting_Shopah

olic_Consumer_Spaces_Products_and_their_Cultural_Places

Wesley, S., LeHew, M. L. A., & Woodside, A. G. (2006). Consumer decision-making

styles and mall shopping behavior: Building theory using exploratory data

analysis and the comparative method. Journal of Business Research, 59(5), 535–

548. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2006.01.005

Zhou, Y., & Wang, X. (2014). Explore the relationship between online shopping and

shopping trips: An analysis with the 2009 NHTS data. Transportation Research

Part A-policy and Practice, 70, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2014.09.014

45
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

APPENDICES

BERGEN’S SHOPPING ADDICTION SCALE

Completely Disagree Neither Agree Completely

disagree Agree
Disagree or agree

1. Shopping/buying is the most

important thing in my life

2. I think about shopping/buying

things all the time.

3. I spend a lot of time thinking

of or planning shopping/buying.

4. Thoughts about
shopping/buying keep popping in
my head.

5. I shop in order to feel better.

6. I shop/buy things in order to

change my mood.

7. I shop/buy things in order to

forget about personal problems.

8. I shop/buy things in order to

reduce feelings of guilt, anxiety,
helplessness, loneliness, and/or
depression

9. I shop/buy so much that it

negatively affects my daily
obligations (e.g., school and
work).

10. I give less priority to

hobbies, leisure activities,
job/studies, or exercise because
of shopping/buying.

11. I have ignored love partner,

family, and friends because of
shopping/buying.

46
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

12. I often end up in arguments

with other because of
shopping/buying.

13. I feel an increasing

inclination to shop/buy things.

14. I shop/buy much more than I

had intended/planned.

15. I feel I have to shop/buy

more and more to obtain the
same satisfaction as before.

16. I spend more and more time

shopping/buying.

17. I have tried to cut down on

shopping/buying without
success.

18. I have been told by others to

reduce shopping/buying without
listening to them.

19. I have decided to shop/buy

less, but have not been able to do
so.

20. I have managed to limit

shopping/buying for periods, and
the experienced relapse.

21. I become stressed if

obstructed from shopping/buying
things.

22. I become sour and grumpy if

I for some reasons cannot
shop/buy things when I feel like
it.

23. I feel bad if I for some reason

are prevented from
shopping/buying things.

24. I there has been a while since

I last shopped I feel a strong urge
to shop/buy things.

47
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

25. I shop/buy so much that it

has caused economic problems.

26. I shop/buy so much that it

has impaired my well-being.

27. I have worried so much about

my shopping that it sometimes
has made me sleepless.

28. I have been bothered with

poor conscience because of
shopping/buying.

Legend: 0-3 scores = not a shopping addict 4-7 scores = a shopping addict

INTERVIEW QUESTIONS:

Age:

Occupation:

1. What is the product that you always like to buy?

• This question was inspired from a study titled Tourist Shopping Style

Preference by Lheto, Chen, and Silkes in 2013. The study they conducted

have attempted to develop a tourist shopping style typology through an

evaluation of the tourists’ shopping attitudes and preference.

2. What is the reason that you buy this kind of product?

• The source of this question is from the study of Mashir, Mehboob, Bhatti

(2015) which they titled Effects of Online Shopping Trends on Consumer-

Buying Behavior: An Empirical Study of Pakistan. The research examined

the relationship between various factors that affect the buying behavior of

consumers towards online shopping.

48
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

3. How often do you buy the product a month? Do you buy the product every

week?

• This question was created after the study by Hossain in 2020 which he titled

Less is More Expensive: Income Differences in Bulk Buying where he

examined the large quantity discounts are from bulk buying, how bulk

purchasing varies by income, and other influences on the decision to buy in

bulk.

4. At what amount do you often buy the product in one go? What is the reason for

buying it in that amount?

• This question was inspired from a study of Aviv, Tang, and Yin titled

Mitigating the Adverse Impact of Strategic Waiting in Dynamic Pricing

Settings: A Study of Two Sales Mechanisms where they mentioned that

customers likes to form a strategic waiting where they will postpone their

purchases and wait for a sale to happen.

5. Do you prefer to buy the product online or offline?

• The question was inspired from a study made by Paulins and Geistfield in

2003 entitled The Effect of Consumer Perceptions of Store Attributes on

Apparel Store Preference where they talk about how they have determined

the 4 variables that affect store preference: Type of clothing in stock,

Outside store appearance, Shopping hours, and Advertising.

49
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

TRANSCRIPTS

RESPONDENT 1

Interviewer: What is your age?

Interviewee: 42

Interviewer: What is your occupation?

Interviewee: Meter Reader

Interviewer: What is the product that you always like to buy?

Interviewee: Mga Piyesa ng motor

Interviewer: What is the reason that you buy this kind of product?

Interviewee: Binbili ko yung mga piyesa ng motor kasi gusto kong mapanatili at mapatagal ng

maayos ang aking motor. Hilig ko kasi alagaan ang aking motor kasi gusto ko yon at para di

masayang ung bili ko dun.

Interviewer: How often do you buy the product a month?

Interviewee: Dalawa hanggang tatlong beses sa isang buwan

Interviewer: Do you buy the product every week?

Interviewee: Hindi naman weekly, basta 2 times a month. Kailangan ko bumili para mapanatili ng

maayos ang aking motor

Interviewer: At what amount do you often buy the product?

Interviewee: Siguro mga five hundred pesos to one thousand

50
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

Interviewer: What is the reason for buying it in that amount?

Interviewee: Upang mapanatili ko yung kalidad ng piyesa at mapaganda yung aking sinasakyang

motor

Interviewer: Do you prefer to buy the product online or traditionally?

Interviewee: Sa traditional upang makapili at madali ko itong magamit sa oras na ito ay aking

kailangan

RESPONDENT 2

Interviewer: What is your age?

Interviewee: 28

Interviewer: What is your occupation?

Interviewee: Teacher

Interviewer: What is the product that you always like to buy?

Interviewee: Mga accessories, ung mga hikaw o kaya necklace

Interviewer: What is the reason that you buy this kind of product?

Interviewee: Mahilig talaga ako bumili ng mga jewelries o kaya yung mga crystals kasi wala lang.

Tuwing nakikita ko sila o nahahawakan parang may connection na nagaganap ganon, tas parang

nagseserve nadin siya sakin as a stress relief

Interviewer: How often do you buy the product a month?

Interviewee: Hmm, depende

Interviewer: Do you buy the product every week?

51
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

Interviewee: Di naman, siguro mga one o two times a month basta after ko magkasahod

Interviewer: At what amount do you often buy the product?

Interviewee: Di ako sure sa specific amount, pero meron mga time na umabot siya sa 4 digits

Interviewer: What is the reason for buying it in that amount?

Interviewee: Wala lang, nagustuhan ko lang sila

Interviewer: Do you prefer to buy the product online or traditionally?

Interviewee: Online, kasi mas madaling maghanap at di sayang sa oras

RESPONDENT 3

Interviewer: What is your age?

Interviewee: 53

Interviewer: What is your occupation?

Interviewee: Teacher

Interviewer: What is the product that you always like to buy?

Interviewee: Wala naman akong particular na binibili na product

Interviewer: Eh ano po mga madalas Ninyo bilhin?

Interviewee: Ano ba, ang madalas ko lang naman na binibili ay yung binibenta ko eh

Interviewer: Then what is the reason that you buy this kind of product?

Interviewee: Well, nagstart siya nung nagsoscroll lang ako sa tiktok, tas habang nag soscroll ako

52
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

ay may nakasalubong ako na isang live. Habang pinapanood ko yung live, nagandahan ako dun sa

product. Tapos, biglang pumasok sa isip ko na magugustuhan din to ng mga kasama ko sa trabaho

kaya why not na ibenta ko diba?

Interviewer: How often do you buy the product a month?

Interviewee: Parang weekly kasi mabilis naman maubos ung paninda ko

Interviewer: Do you buy the product every week?

Interviewee: Yes

Interviewer: At what amount do you often buy the product?

Interviewee: Depende sa mga nagbayad na sakin, yun kasi ang ginagamit ko para puhunan

Interviewer: What is the reason for buying it in that amount?

Interviewee: Para makapagbenta ulit ako at kumita ulit

Interviewer: Do you prefer to buy the product online or traditionally?

Interviewee: Online, mas madali dun eh

RESPONDENT 4

Interviewer: What is your age?

Interviewee: 45

Interviewer: What is your occupation?

Interviewee: Nurse

53
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

Interviewer: What is the product that you always like to buy?

Interviewee: Isa lang ba? Wala naman kasi akong binibili na isang product lang

Interviewer: Yung mga madalas nio po bilhin

Interviewee: Groceries lang naman lagi kong binibili

Interviewer: What is the reason that you buy this kind of product?

Interviewee: Syiempre para may makain kami.

Interviewer: Ano po pinaprioritize niyo tuwing nabili?

Interviewee: Kapag nabili talaga ako ng mga pang grocery ko, inuuna ko talaga lagi yung

kailangan naming sa bahay tulad ng mga toyo, suka ganon,, at ulam pa siyempre

Interviewer: How often do you buy the product a month?

Interviewee: Every week siyempre. Hindi ako pedeng magpaliban ng isang lingo kasi walang

makakain ang mga anak ko ah.

Interviewer: Do you buy the product every week?

Interviewee: Yes

Interviewer: At what amount do you often buy the product in one go?

Interviewee: Yung mga mura lang talaga ang hinahanap ko. Kasi buong pamilya ko yung

pakakainin ko eh, di naman pedeng laging mahal ung bilhin ko, although nabili ako ng mas mahal

pero pa minsan-minsan lang

Interviewer: What is the reason for buying it in that amount?

54
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

Interviewee: Para may pang kain sa pamilya

Interviewer: Do you prefer to buy the product online or traditionally?

Interviewee: Traditional siempre, para matignan ko ung mga bibilhin ng personal.

RESPONDENT 5

Interviewer: What is your age?

Interviewee: 37

Interviewer: What is your occupation?

Interviewee: Marine Engineer

Interviewer: What is the product that you always like to buy?

Interviewee: Mga gamit ng anak ko

Interviewer: What is the reason that you buy this kind of product?

Interviewee: Gustong-gusto ko talaga bumili ng mga damit ng anak ko, tuwing makakakita ako ng

mga damit o kaya bag lagi kong naiimagine kung ano yung magiging itsura nila sa anak ko. Tas

kapag nakita kong masaya yung anak ko sa binigay ko sakanya, masaya nadin ako

Interviewer: How often do you buy the product a month?

Interviewee: Di namam palagian.

55
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

Interviewer: Do you buy the product every week?

Interviewee: Siguro mga every two weeks ang pinakamadalas ko, bata pa kasi anak ko kaya nabili

ako ng maraming pang regalo

Interviewer: At what amount do you often buy the product in one go?

Interviewee: Di naman aabot isang libo madalas

Interviewer: What is the reason for buying it in that amount?

Interviewee: Kasi gusto ko regaluhan yung anak ko

Interviewer: Do you prefer to buy the product online or traditionally?

Interviewee: Traditional, para matignan ko kung bagay ba talaga sa anak ko

RESPONDENT 6

Interviewer: What is your age?

Interviewee: 45

Interviewer: What is your occupation?

Interviewee: Teacher

Interviewer: What is the product that you always like to buy?

Interviewee: mga bags

Interviewer: What is the reason that you buy this kind of product?

Interviewee: Wala naman akong main reason. Tuwing natingin ako sa mga nakadisplay kung

saan-saan, tas kung ano nalang yung magustuhan ko basta may pambayad ako bibilhin ko.

56
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

Interviewer: How often do you buy the product a month?

Interviewee: Depende

Interviewer: Do you buy the product every week?

Interviewee: di naman

Interviewer: At what amount do you often buy the product in one go?

Interviewee: Mostly naabot ng ilang libo

Interviewer: What is the reason for buying it in that amount?

Interviewee: Tuwing nagshohsopping ako at bumibili ng mga bag, although yung iba na mura ang

presyo ay maganda din ang quality kaso matatagalan pako kung iisa-isahin ko lahat yun, hindi

katulad nung mga bag na although may pagkamahal ay mostly naman ay magandang quality

talaga.

Interviewer: Do you prefer to buy the product online or traditionally?

Interviewee: Online

RESPONDENT 7

Interviewer: What is your age?

Interviewee: 42

Interviewer: What is your occupation?

Interviewee: Technician

57
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

Interviewer: What is the product that you always like to buy?

Interviewee: Mga damit

Interviewer: What is the reason that you buy this kind of product?

Interviewee: Depende talaga kung ano ung trending sa panahon ngayon. Lagi kasi akong natingin

sa facebook o kaya tiktok ng mga magagandang damit, tinitignan ko lagi ung mga bago tas uso na

damit tas kapag bet ko siya edi binibili ko.

Interviewer: How often do you buy the product a month?

Interviewee: siguro mga every 2 weeks

Interviewer: Do you buy the product every week?

Interviewee: No

Interviewer: At what amount do you often buy the product in one go?

Interviewee: Di naman palagi pero may mga time na umaabot ng libo

Interviewer: What is the reason for buying it in that amount?

Interviewee: Wala nagustuhan ko lang sila

Interviewer: Do you prefer to buy the product online or traditionally?

Interviewee: Online

58
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

RESPONDENT 8

Interviewer: What is your age?

Interviewee: 32

Interviewer: What is your occupation?

Interviewee: Nurse

Interviewer: What is the product that you always like to buy?

Interviewee: Mga damit

Interviewer: What is the reason that you buy this kind of product?

Interviewee: Maganda tela tas famour brand pa maganda kasi talaga bumili kapag kilala mo yung

brand na pagbibilhan mo. Pag kilala mo na kasi, bale wala kanang problema pag bumibili kasi

alam mo na ung mga product na meron ug brand na un.

Interviewer: How often do you buy the product a month?

Interviewee: depende so mood ko kung may nagustuhan ako

Interviewer: Do you buy the product every week?

Interviewee: di naman

Interviewer: At what amount do you often buy the product in one go?

Interviewee: umaabot ng 4 digits

Interviewer: What is the reason for buying it in that amount?

Interviewee: nagandahan ako sa damit eh

59
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

Interviewer: Do you prefer to buy the product online or traditionally?

Interviewee: Traditional, para talaga matignan ko yung quality

RESPONDENT 9

Interviewer: What is your age?

Interviewee: 41

Interviewer: What is your occupation?

Interviewee: Teacher

Interviewer: What is the product that you always like to buy?

Interviewee: Kahit ano lang, depende sa panahon ganun

Interviewer: What is the reason that you buy this kind of product?

Interviewee: Siguro kasi nagustuhan ko lang

Interviewer: How often do you buy the product a month?

Interviewee: Depende talaga sa panahon. May mga time kasi na bigla nalang magkakabagyo kaya

kailangan bumili ng maraming pagkain agad, minsan naman kapag may bonus ay nabili ako ng

mga regalo para sa anak ko

Interviewer: Do you buy the product every week?

Interviewee: Hindi naman

Interviewer: At what amount do you often buy the product in one go?

60
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

Interviewee: mga di nalagpas ng isang libo

Interviewer: What is the reason for buying it in that amount?

Interviewee: depende sa panahon

Interviewer: Do you prefer to buy the product online or traditionally?

Interviewee: Online kasi mas marami pagpipilian tsaka mabilis lang maghanap

RESPONDENT 10

Interviewer: What is your age?

Interviewee: 48

Interviewer: What is your occupation?

Interviewee: technician

Interviewer: What is the product that you always like to buy?

Interviewee: mga gamit ko sa trabaho

Interviewer: What is the reason that you buy this kind of product?

Interviewee: ahh kasi mahilig lang talaga ako sa ginagawa ko sa trabaho, parang naging hobby ko

na nga yung trabaho ko.

Interviewer: How often do you buy the product a month?

Interviewee:

61
 Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

Interviewer: Do you buy the product every week?

Interviewee: Wala naman akong specific time na sinusunod, kung kelan ko lang talaga

nagustuhang magshopping saka ako magshoshopping

Interviewer: At what amount do you often buy the product in one go?

Interviewee: depende sa ganda ng quality, kasi kapag Maganda ang quality automatic na mahal na

yun

Interviewer: What is the reason for buying it in that amount?

Interviewee: Gusto ko lang yung maganda gamitin at di nasisira agad

Interviewer: Do you prefer to buy the product online or traditionally?

Interviewee: Mas maganda magshop kapag traditional, kasi matitignan mo talaga ung gamit.

62
Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

63
Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

64
Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

65
Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

66
Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

67
Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

68
Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

69
Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School

70
Francisco E. Barzaga Integrated High School