AP Statistics Name ____________________________

Unit 9 Test Review

1. If P(M) = .2 and P(L) = .5 and M and L are independent then P(M ∩ L) = _____________________

2. If P(M) = .2 and P(L) = .5 and M and L are disjoint then P(M ∩ L) = _________________________

3. If P(M) = .2 and P(L) = .5 and M and L are independent then P(M U L) = _____________________

4. If P(M) = .2 and P(L) = .5 and M and L are disjoint then P(M U L) = _________________________

5. If four skittles are chosen at random from a bag with replacement, what is the probability that they are all the same color?
Color Red Green Yellow Purple Orange
Probability .3 .2 .2 .2 .1

6. At a local community college, 40% of students take English, 60% of students take Art and 25% take both Art and English.
What is the probability that a student takes English given they take art?

7. In a certain city 6 percent of teenagers are married, 25 percent of married teenagers have children, and 15 percent of
unmarried teenagers have children. If a teenager has a child, what is the probability that the teenager is not married?

8. The marketing manager of a toy company is planning to introduce a new toy for the holiday shopping season. In the past,
60% of the new toys introduced by the company have been successful. Before the toy is actually marketed, research is
conducted and a report, either favorable or unfavorable is compiled. In the past, 70% of the successful toys received
favorable reports, and 20% of the unsuccessful toys received favorable reports. The marketing manager would like to
know the probability that the new toy will be successful given it receives a favorable report. Show Work!!!

9. At a particular Italian restaurant, the wait staff is required to provide their own corkscrew to open wine. On any given
night, there is a 10% chance that someone will forget his or her corkscrew. If the restaurant owner checks four of the wait
staff at random, what is the probability that at least one of them will have forgotten the corkscrew?
10. According to the American Pet Products Manufactures Association 2003 -2004 National Pet Owners Survey, 39% of U.S.
households own at least one dog and 34% of U.S. households own at least one cat. Assume that 13% of U.S. households
own a cat and a dog. What is the probability that a randomly selected U.S. household owns a cat given that the household
owns a dog?

11. A machine consists of three components. If even one of them fails, the entire machine fails. Component A has a .05
probability of failing. Component B has a .07 probability of failing, and component C has a .025 probability of failing.
Assume the components work independently of one another. What is the probability that the machine will not fail?

12. The soccer team’s shirts have arrived in a big box and you just start grabbing them, looking for the right size. The box
contains 5 mediums, 9 large, and 6 extra-large shirts. What is the probability that at least one of the first three shirts you
check is medium?

13.

14. Doc Worker is a regular customer at the Waterfront Coffee Shop. The manager has figured that Doc’s probability of
ordering ham is 0.4. If he orders ham the probability of him ordering bacon is 0.85. If he does not order ham the
probability that he orders bacon is .45. Assuming that Doc orders food independently of each other, what is the
probability of him having at least one of the two types of meat for breakfast?
15. At Texas A&M, engineering majors have a 20% chance of earning an A in their freshman English class, a 10% chance of
earning an A in their Calculus class, and a 25% chance of earning an A in English or Calculus or both.
A. Find the probability that you get an A in both English and Calculus.

B. Are “earning an A in English” and “earning an A in Calculus” disjoint events? Explain why or why not.

16. Each of the faces of a fair six-sided number cube is numbered with one of the numbers 1 – 6, with a different number
appearing on each face. Two such number cubes will be tossed and the sum of the numbers appearing on the faces that
land up will be recorded. What is the probability that the sum will be 3, given that the sum is less than or equal to 5?

17. Assume 60% of AP Stats students get an A on the unit exam. If students don’t get an A on the unit exam they take a
retest exam. 80% of students who take the retest exam get an A. What is the probability the student got an A on the test?

18. .15 percent of a population are infected with a certain disease. There is a test for the disease; however, the test is not
completely accurate. 96 percent of those who have the disease will test positive. However, 4.1 percent of those who do
not have the disease will also test positive. What is the probability that any given person will test positive? Round your
answer to three decimal places if necessary.