Mathematics S – Term 2 - Strand 2 – L2

Definite Integrals

Syllabus Reference : 10-2

⌠
Recap: From our previous lecture: 
 (x 3
+ 2 x ) dx = (x dx + S2xdx
⌡
In definite integrals +
=

Definite Integrals
Ex* + x + c

⌠
If  f (x ) dx = F (x ) + C
⌡
then we define the definite integral
b
⌠ b
 f (x ) dx = [ F (x ) ]a
⌡a
= F (b ) − F (a )
where
a and b are called the limits of the integral.
a is the lower limit and b is the upper limit

⌠
2
(x + 2 x ) dx Y
*
Example: Evaluate 

3 =
[x + x

⌡1
=

[I (2 1212] + -

[I (1 % 1117 +

Further examples

1. Evaluate the following definite integrals:

(IJ
1 4
⌠ ⌠
(a)  x(4 − x ) dx (b)  9 − 2 x dx =

Et
⌡ −1 ⌡0
.

=
[4- XJ =
=
- [19-2x)]
=
[2x
*
-

EX]] =
-
-(1 -

27)

-
=

=
26
0 3 2
⌠ ⌠  1
(t2
x
(c)  dx (d)   t + t  dt
+ 2 +
Edt
( )
=

3
⌡ −2 x 2 + 1 ⌡1  

(x 11 t
=

2x (x ) [ti I
+
2t** +
d
=
= +
+ -
2+ 1 I
2xdX
0 + 1

Ji
=
3 +1
[It" + 2t +
-

& =
- t

Et (x ] .

, -
2
=
(5 (3)3 + 2(3) +
5) -
(5 + 2 -

1)

[[(X 15 27 :
=
-
+
=
40
-I (1 5
=
-

55
=
=
2. Find the value of the constant k in each of the following:

k 2
(a)
⌠

1
dx = 3 (b)
⌠ 2
( )
 3 x + 4 x + k dx = 30
⌡1 2 x ⌡ −1

[ ]
6
3. Show that
d
(x + 1) 2 x − 3 = 3x − 2 . Hence evaluate ⌠

3x − 2
dx .
dx 2x − 3 ⌡ 2 2x − 3

Properties of Definite Integrals

a 2
⌠ ⌠
1.  f ( x ) dx = 0  2 x dx =
⌡a ⌡2

b b 2
⌠ ⌠ ⌠
2.  k f ( x ) dx = k  f ( x ) dx  2 x dx =
⌡a ⌡a ⌡1

2
⌠
2 x dx =
⌡1

b a 2
⌠ ⌠ ⌠
3.  f ( x ) dx = −  f ( x ) dx  2 x dx =
⌡a ⌡b ⌡1
1
⌠
 2 x dx =
⌡2
 b 1 2
⌠ ⌠
c c ⌠ ⌠
⌠  2 x dx + 2 x dx =
4.  f ( x ) dx +  f ( x ) dx =  f ( x ) dx ⌡0 ⌡1
 ⌡b ⌡a
⌡a

2
⌠
 2 x dx =
⌡0

b 2 2
⌠ ⌠
b b ⌠ ⌠
⌠
 f ( x ) dx ±  g ( x ) dx =  [ f (x ) ± g (x ) ]dx
2
5.  2 x dx +  3 x dx =
 ⌡a ⌡1 ⌡1
⌡a ⌡a

2
⌠
( 2
)
 2 x + 3 x dx =
⌡1

Exercise

3
⌠
If  f ( x ) dx = 6 , evaluate:
⌡1

⌠ f (x )
1 3
⌠
(a)  f ( x )dx (b)  7 dx
⌡3 ⌡1

3 1⋅5 3
⌠ ⌠ ⌠
(c)  f ( x ) dx (d)  f ( x ) dx +  f ( x ) dx
⌡3 ⌡1 ⌡1⋅5

3 3
⌠ ⌠
(e)  [4 − f ( x ) ]dx (f)  [ f ( x ) + x ]dx
⌡1 ⌡1
Learning Guide Exercises: 10-2(A, B)