Command Prompt, also known as cmd.

exe or cmd (after its executable file name), is the

command-line interpreter on Windows NT, Windows CE, OS/2 and eComStation

operating systems. It is the counterpart of COMMAND.COM in DOS and Windows 9x

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 systems (where it is also called “MS-DOS Prompt”), and analogous to the Unix shells used

on Unix-like systems.

To open the Windows command prompt you may do one of the following:

Click Start -> Programs -> Accessories -> Command Prompt

Click Start (or hit the Windows key), type “cmd” in search, then
hit [ENTER]
Windows Key + R (#r, not the pound symbol) brings up Run. Then
type “cmd” then [ENTER]
SHIFT + right-click in any folder or desktop, then select “open
command window here”

BASIC COMMAND PROMPT COMMANDS

x /? = provides syntax info and complete list of all parameters

for x (a command, like “cd”)

cd = change directory

cd .. = move to the parent directory

cd\ = move to the root of current drive

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 cd x = move to the current\x directory

cd z: = change to the z root directory (as opposed to c:)

copy x y = copy file x to directory y (Ex: D:\games\galaga.exe

C:\programs[\awesome.exe]), [] = optional

copy file con = display file contents in console

copy con file.txt = create text file in the console window, end
with ctrl+z (^z or F6)

date = change the date

del = delete/erase

del x = deletes all files/folders fitting x

del . = deletes all files within current directory

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 del *.* = deletes all files within current directory

dir = display contents of current directory (Ex: dir [c:]

[\programs]), [] = optional

dir *.txt = list all .txt files in current directory

dir *.? = list all files with extensions one character in length
in current directory

dir /w /p *.* = display all contents one screen at a time

dir | more = display all contents one line at a time

dir /? = provides syntax info and complete list of all dir

parameters

echo = send command line input to display (by default)

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 echo sometext » somefile.txt = append line(s) of text to any
file

echo sometext > somefile.txt = overwrites file with sometext

erase = delete/erase

exit = exit the command prompt

filename.txt = opens filename.txt in current directory in

Notepad (or default .txt program)

format z: = format z drive [Ex: use to format a disc or flash

drive]

mkdir x = make directory x in current directory

move x y = more or rename x to y

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 q = escapes sequential display of contents (i.e. the more
parameter)

rd x = remove/delete directory x if it’s empty

ren x y = rename file x to y

time = change the time

type file = display the contents of the file ‘file’ (displays

file contents in console)

type file |more = display the contents one line at a time

ADVANCED COMMAND PROMPT COMMANDS

ipconfig [/all] = display network adapter information (advanced)

netstat –n = display local address and addresses you are

connected to (advanced)

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 netstat –nb = above with name of foreign addresses (advanced)
(this shows your private IP, if you are behind a router or proxy,
then your public IP address will be different)

ping google.com = how long it takes for your computer to talk to

google.com

CONVERT OUTPUT OF ONE PROCESS INTO INPUT OF

ANOTHER PROCESS

Send contents of script.js to the system debug.exe file:

type script.js | c:\programs]debug.exe
programs\debug.exe < script.js

SEND DIRECTORY LISTING TO A PRINTER OR FILE

dir > prn (theoretically to a printer)

dir > somefile.txt

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 dir *.mp3 > c:\Users\Dan\Desktop\musiclist.txt = print all .mp3
files in current directory to musiclist.txt

MODIFY ANY FILE EXTENSION ASSOCIATIONS

[assoc .extension=fileType]

assoc /? = prints this information

assoc = display list of current file extensions recognized by

your computer (any fileType value may be used)

assoc > fileextensions.txt = print list to somefile.txt in

current directory

assoc .txt = displays current file association of .txt (.docx,

.html, .zip, .htaccess, assoc textfile, et cetera)

assoc .txt= = will delete the association for the given file
extension

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 File Extension Tips/Ideas:
– Windows by default doesn’t know the following extensions, but check anyways with

“assoc .”, “assoc .htaccess” and “assoc .xml” anyways just to be sure. If the extension is

defined already, then you may not need to change it.

assoc .=txtfile = associate extensionless files with Notepad

assoc .htaccess=txtfile = associate nameless .htaccess files with

Notepad

assoc .xml=txtfile = associate XML files with Notepad

ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES VIA THE DOS COMMAND

PROMPT

System-generated upon Windows startup:

%DATE% = Tue 08/02/2011

%TIME% = 14:23:33.37
%SYSTEMROOT% = C:\Windows
%COMPUTERNAME% = DAN-PC

System-generated upon user login:

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 %USERNAME% = Dan
%USERDOMAIN% = Dan-PC

Local machine variables for all users:

%PATH% = C:\Windows\system32
%HOMEPATH% = \Users\Dan
%HOMEDRIVE% = C:

(Hint: Use echo)

FUNCTION KEYS

F1 = Sequential, individual repeat of previously entered

characters

F2 = Copies any number of characters from the previous command

line

F3 = Repeats the contents of the previous command line

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 F4 = Deletes any number of characters from the previous command
line

F5 = Return to the previous command line

F6 = Enters the characters ^z (CTRL+z), indicating “end of file”

F7 = Displays a history of command-line entries for the current

session (50-line cache)

F8 = Sequentially displays previous command-line entries

F9 = Enables user to recall previous command lines by number (0 =

first line)

crunches

Sreehas

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 The hacking trend these days has definitely turned criminal because of e-

commerce ¯\_( ツ )_/ ¯

VIEW ALL POSTS  

Cracking WPA2-PSK Passwords 

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