A
MICROPROJECT
On
“Collect The Details Of Various Types Of The
Formwork Used For RCC Structure At Site”
Submitted By
1. Pawar Akhilesh Ramnath 2 Enrollment No: 23650910333
Class: CE5I
Under The Guidance
Miss. V. S. Mhaske
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
Padmashri Dr. Vitthalrao Vikhe Patil Institute of Technology and
Engineering (Polytechnic) Pravaranagar-413736.
(2024-2025)
1
Padmashri Dr. Vitthalrao Vikhe Patil Institute of Technology and
Engineering (Polytechnic) Pravaranagar-413736
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that
1. Pawar Akhilesh Ramnath 2 Enrollment No: 23650910333
Class: CE5I
Has successfully submitted the Micro Project on
“Collect The Details Of Various Types Of The
Formwork Used For RCC Structure At Site”
Towards the partial fulfillment of
Diploma in Civil Engineering affiliated to Maharashtra State Board of Technical
Education, Mumbai during academic year 2024-2025
(Miss. V. S. Mhaske) (Mr. S. K. Gorde)
Guide HOD
Place: Loni
Date:
2
Micro Project Evaluation Sheet (Group)
Academic Year: 2024-25 Name of Faculty: Miss. V. S. Mhaske.
Course: DSR Course: Code:22502 Semester: 5th
Title of Micro Project: Collect The Details Of Various Types Of The Formwork used for RCC
Structure at site.
Cos addressed by the Micro Project:
A: Formulate grammatically correct sentences.
B: Give presentation by using audio visual aids.
C: communication skillfully.
D: write reports using correct guidelines.
..
Major Learning Outcomes achieved by students by doing the project:
a) Practical Outcomes: DELIVER presentation (seminar) effective.
b) Outcomes in Cognitive domain: 1) Prepare the points for computer presentation.
2) Make seminar presentation
c) Outcomes in Affective domain: a) Function as team member.
b) Follow Ethics.
c) Make proper use of computer and Internet.
d) Comments /Suggestions about team work / leadership/inter-personal communication (if any)
……………………………………………………………………………………
Marks out Marks out of
of 6 for 4 for
Total out
Roll Enrollment Performance Performance
Full Name of Student of
No. No. in group in oral/
10
activity presentation
(D5) (D5)
15 Pawar Akhilesh Ramnath 23650910333
Name & Sign of Faculty
3
Micro Project Evaluation Sheet (individual)
Name of Student: Pawar Akhilesh Ramnath. Enrollment No:23650910333
Name of Programe: Civil Engineering. Semester : 5th
Course Title: DSR Code:22502
Title of the Micro-Project: Collect The Details Of Various Types Of The Formwork used for RCC
Structure at site.
Course Outcomes Achieved:
A) Formulate grammatically correct sentences.
B) Give presentation by using audio visual aids.
Sr. No Characteristic to be Poor (Marks 1- Average Good (Marks 6- Excellent (Marks Sub
assessed 3) (Marks 4-5) 8) 9-10) Total
A) Process and Product Assessment (Convert above total marks out of 6 marks)
01 Relevance to the course
02 Literature review /
information collection
03 Completion of the target
as per project proposal
04 Analysis of data and
representation
05 Quality of
prototype/Model
06 Report Preparation
(B) Individual Presentation / Viva (Convert above total marks out of 4 Marks)
07 Presentation
08 Viva
(A) (B) Total Marks 10
Process and product Individual
Assessment(6 marks) Presentation /Viva
Name and designation of the Teacher: Miss. V. S. Mhaske Dated Signature:
4
Micro-Project Proposal
Title of Micro Project: Collect The Details Of Various Types Of The Formwork used for RCC Structure
at site.
1.0 Aims/Benefits of Micro Project (min 30-50 words)
Formwork and its associated “false works” need to have enough strength to support the entire weight of the wet
concrete without causing a lot of distortion. There are different types of formworks in construction. These include
plastic formwork, plywood framework, fabric formwork, steel framework, and timber Formwork.
2.0 Course Outcome(s) Addressed:
A: Formulate grammatically correct sentences.
B: Give presentation by using audio visual aids.
C: communication skillfully.
D: write reports using correct guidelines.
3.0 Proposed Methodology (procedure in brief that will be followed to do the micro project in about 100-200
words)
Formwork (shuttering) in concrete construction is used as a mould for a structure in which fresh concrete is
poured only to harden subsequently. Types of concrete formwork construction depend on formwork material and
type of structural element. Formworks can also be named based on the type of structural member construction,
such as slab formwork for use in a slab, beam formwork, column formwork for use in beams and columns,
respectively, etc.
4.0 Action Plan (sequence and time required for major activities)
Sr. Planned start date Planned finish date Name of responsible
Details of Activity
No. team members
1. SEARCH THE TITLE Pawar Akhilesh Ramnath
2. COLLECT THE Pawar Akhilesh Ramnath
INFORMATION
3. LITERATURE REVIEW Pawar Akhilesh Ramnath
4. ABSTRACT Pawar Akhilesh Ramnath
5. DIAGRAM OF FIXED Pawar Akhilesh Ramnath
DOME TYPE BIGAS
PLANT ON FOAM SHEET
6. CONCLUSION Pawar Akhilesh Ramnath
7. REFRENCES Pawar Akhilesh Ramnath
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5.0 Resources Required (Major resources such as raw material, some machining facility, software, etc.)
Sr.
No. Name of resource/material Specifications Qty. Remark
Pen, Pencil, Scale, Eraser 1
1.
Internet www.slideshare.nic 2
2.
www.onlinecreator.co.in
3. MS Word 1
Name of Team Members:
Roll No. Name of Student
15 Pawar Akhilesh Ramnath
Name & Sign of Faculty
Miss. V. S. Mhaske
6
Micro-Project Report
1.0 Rationale (Importance of the project, in about 30-50 words)
The Environment and Public Health Engineering works for minimizing the impact of Engineering
and Technology on the natural resources. Rapidly increasing urbanization, is stretching resources and
infrastructure, and threatening environmental quality. To maintain better public health one must have safe quality
of drinking water supply, effective methods for disposal of domestic and industrial waste and pollution free
environment.
2.0 Aims/Benefits of the Micro Project:
Potable water is scarce vital resource. It is estimated that only 0.4% of water on the planet is fit for
human consumption. This is why it is essential to invest in water purification, to ensure that everyone has access
to this vital resource.
Water purification is the process by which water is treated so that it can be consumed by human
beings without there being a risk to health. Consumption can refer to drinking and in the preparation of food.
Purification consists mainly of eliminating substances that are toxic to people, such as chromium,
lead and zinc, as well as algae, sand or bacteria and viruses which can be present in water. In essence, it aims to
eliminate any potential risk to the health of people
3.0 Course Outcome(s) Achieved:
A Identify the sources and characteristics of water and wastewater.
B Estimate the quantity of drinking water and wastewater generated.
C Draw labeled systems of plumbing for building sanitation.
D Draw the flow diagram for process of treatment of water and wastewater.
E Identify various accessories for efficient conveyance and distribution of water.
4.0 Literature Review:
Purification consists mainly of eliminating substances that are toxic to people, such as chromium, lead
and zinc, as well as algae, sand or bacteria and viruses which can be present in water.
5.0 Actual Methodology Followed (Write step wise work done, data collected and its analysis (if any).
The proposed new methodology applies to project activities that introduce new or rehabilitate existing zero-
emission or low-emission technologies to supply clean, purified water for consumption and hygienic purposes.
GHG emissions that arise from boiling unsafe water can be reduced, or avoided entirely, through the use of water
treatment and/or water supply technologies.
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6.0 Actual Resources Used (Mention the actual resources used for Micro Project).
Sr.
No. Name of resource/material Specifications Qty. Remark
1. Pen, Pencil, Scale, Eraser 1
Internet www.slideshare.nic 2
2.
www.onlinecreator.co.in
3. MS Word 1
7.0 Output(s) of the Micro project: (drawings of prototype or survey, presentation is collected data, findings,
etc.)
We come to know that there should be proper waste management, the proper use of renewable energy, also gives
the environmental benefits, learned how to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions, beneficial for the energy
production and also come to know that while producing electrical energy heat is also produced.
8.0 Skill(s) developed / Learning outcome of this Micro Project:
We get to learn the proper use of renewable energy skills, expertise in the management of waste, teamwork while
doing the microproject, leadership of a member while designing the foam sheet of the microproject, proper
management of the process followed while working on the preparation of the foam sheet.
9.0 Application(s) of this Micro project:
Water purification also meets the needs of medical, pharmacological, chemical, and industrial applications for
clean and potable water. The purification procedure reduces the concentration of contaminants such as suspended
particles, parasites, bacteria, algae, viruses, and fungi.
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Content
Sr. No Title Page Number
1) Introduction 7
2) What is formwork 8
3) Importance of formwork 9
4) Types of formwork 10-19
5) Requirement of formwork 20
6) Conclusion & Reference 21
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Introduction
Formwork is one type of temporary mold in which concrete is poured to cast the required
shape of concrete. Formworks are made from timber or steel, the surface in contact with
the concrete being selected to give the required finish. The formwork and its associated
false work must have sufficient strength to support the weight of the wet concrete without
significant distortion. Generally, once the concrete has gained sufficient strength, the
formwork is removed although in some circumstances it may be left in place (permanent
formwork). For concrete formwork mostly timber and steel are the materials most
commonly used for formwork, a range of other materials are used, mainly for specialist
applications. Formwork is an essential component in the construction industry and can be
termed as a temporary or permanent form into which concrete is poured, which
subsequently becomes hard. Formwork in construction has been used for hundreds and
thousands of years to aid in building structures of all sizes and shapes. In Addition,
different kinds of formwork have been used in Australia for more than 300 years ago
since colonization. The water available in nature contains numerous contaminants such as
physical, chemical, and microbiological that make it unfit for human consumption, so the
task of packaged and bottled water is to make the naturally contaminated water safe to
drink. Water purification is a complex process and highly dependent on the nature and
level of contaminants in it. Water purification in which reclaimed, contaminated,
suspicious, and dirty water is processed to make it suitable for reuse of drinking water.
Some of the contaminants may pose health hazards while others may change its smell,
taste, and appearance. Various international organizations like EPA and WHO provide
standard levels of impurities in the drinking water. To compliance with the standard
requirements, number of water purification technologies [reverse osmosis,
electrodeionization—EDI, sedimentation, ultrafiltration, ion exchange, biosorption, and
ultraviolet (UV) light] were used for many decades. These purification technologies
remove particles and give a clear appearance to water in addition to the improvement in
its smell and taste. This chapter illustrates the principles, functioning, and the selection
suitability for water purification technologies and presents recent research carried
out in this field.
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• What Is Formwork ?
Formwork is a temporary boarding or sheeting erected to contain freshly placed and
compacted concrete until it has gained sufficient strength to be self-supporting. The
appearance of the finished concrete depends on the face texture and stiffness of the
formwork. Formwork is the term given to either temporary or permanent moulds into
which concrete or similar materials are poured. In the context of concrete construction,
the false work supports the shuttering moulds. Formwork system is defined as the system
of support for freshly placed concrete including the mould or sheathing which contacts
the concrete as well as supporting members, hardware, and necessary bracing. Formwork
system development has paralleled the growth of concrete construction throughout the
twentieth century. Both designers and builders are aware of the need of construction
industry in order to develop creative innovations from traditional method to improve
quality and economy in the face of incoming construction industry challenges. Formwork
is the largest cost component for a typical multi-storey reinforced concrete building. It
normally cost account around 40% to 60% of the cost of the concrete frame and for
approximately 10% of the total building cost. Besides, the demands and requirement of
the clients have continued to grow and it is essential to find ways to build faster, cheaper
and better quality building. Consequently, cost, productivity and quality of formwork
system is variable by the system and material choosing. Therefore, consider as much as
issue possible must be done before make the decision of choosing formwork.
• Importance Of Formwork
1) No doubt formwork is essential for any construction; its main advantage is that it can’t
be replaced with any other technology.
2) Using formwork concrete structures can be constructed quickly and in the most
affordable way.
3) During all construction work period, a formwork offers appropriate access and
working platforms that considerably enhance workers’ scaffold safety.
4) Formwork helps in lowers the timeline and costs of the project by lowering the floor-
to-floor construction cycle time, which means more projects can fulfill their budgetary
demands.
5) Formwork facilitates construction managers to offer exact ontime shuttering and de–
shuttering of formwork resources, which results in improving project effectiveness
and resource usage.
6) Formwork mainly associated with concrete. It helps in producing smooth finished
surface of the concrete.
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7) It provides good structural safety by offering solutions against all overlay loads,
producing exceptionally safe and practical structures.
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• Types Of Formwork :
1) Timber Formwork
2) Plywood Formwork
3) Steel Formwork
4) Aluminium Formwork
5) Plastic Formwork
6) Magnesium Formwork
7) Fabric Formwork
1) Timber Formwork :
Timber is the most commonly used material for formwork. Timber logs, lumber etc. are
used as bracing members from ancient times. So, the Timber formwork is also called as
traditional formwork. It is most economical material used for formwork. This is used in
sites as formwork material for number of years so, the method of constructing timber
framework is well known to the workers.
• Advantages Of Timber Formwork :
1) Timber can be cut into any required size easily.
2) Timber is light in weight and it can be handled easily.
3) Timber has good thermal resistance which prevents the damage of concrete in
colder regions.
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4) It is easy to understand the construction method of timber formwork hence, skilled
workers are not necessary.
5) It is easy to replace the damaged parts of timber forms.
6) Timber formwork can be easily dismantled.
• Disadvantages Of Timber Formwork :
1) Dry timber may absorb water from wet concrete which result in the reduction of
strength in concrete structure.
2) Wet timber having high moisture content compress the wet concrete and forms
cracks in the structure and grout may leaked through joints when shrinking occurs.
3) Timber forms have limited usage. So, they cannot be useful for more
2) Plywood Formwork :
Plywood which is a manufactured product of timber is also used for formworks. It
consists number of veneer sheets or plies in layers. Now a days, the use of plywood
formwork increases especially for facing panels. The reason behind it is that the plywood
formwork provides smooth finish when compared to normal timber formwork. Hence,
finishing cost may reduce by the use of plywood. For formwork, special type of plywood
called exterior plywood is used. The veneer sheets of exterior plywood are bonded with
strong adhesive to make it watertight. The plywood boards are available in thicknesses
from 7mm to 32mm. In general, plywood of size 1220×2440 and 18 mm thick boards an
sufficient to for most of the works. For curved structures, special types of plywood with
sufficient for most of the works. For curved structure, special types of plywood with
sufficient thickness are also available.
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• Advantages of Plywood Formwork :
3) Plywood can also be cut into required size easily.
4) Plywood Strong, durable and light in weight.
5) Provides smooth finish on the surface.
6) Very Large size plywood sheets are available which makes the construction of
formwork quicker and easier.
7) Curved formworks can also be prepared using plywood.
8) When compared to timber, it gives more number of reuses.
• Disadvantages Of Plywood Formwork :
1) When compared to timber it is costly.
2) Thin plywood sheets cannot sustain the weight of concrete they may bow out if
proper thickness is not provided.
3) Steel Formwork :
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Steel can also be used as formwork material. It is very costly but it can be used for more
number of times than others. They provides excellent finish to the concrete surfaces. For
mass strictures like dams, bridges, etc. steel from work is so strong and safe. Steel
formwork features large steel plates secured together with bars and couples known as
false work. Using steel is a good choice for builders because steel will not bend, warp, or
otherwise become misshapen during the concrete curing process.
• Advantages Of Steel Formwork :
1) Steel forms are durable and stronger.
2) Provides uniform and smooth surface finish to the structure.
3) Great reusability.
4) Easy to fix the formwork and also easy to dismantle.
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• Disadvantages Of Steel Formwork :
1) Cost is very much higher.
2) It is heavy in weight and requires lifting equipment for large structure formworks.
3) Corrosion will occur when there is a frequent contact with water.
4) The size and shapes of forms available are limited.
4) Aluminium Formwork :
Aluminium formwork is used pre-fabricated formworks. It is getting more popular
because of it’s light weight and good strength. It requires fewer supports and ties.
Aluminium Formwork System is a construction system for forming cast in place concrete
structure of a building. It is also a system for scheduling and controlling the work of other
construction trades such as steel reinforcement, concrete placement and mechanical and
electrical conduits.
• Advantages Of Aluminium Formwork :
1. Easy to fix and easy to dismantle.
2. It can be handled easily because of its light weight.
3. It can be re-used for many times.
4. The walls and slabs of structures can be casted simultaneously.
5. Monolithic crack free structures can be built using aluminium formwork.
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• Disadvantages Of Aluminium Formwork
1) When the load reaches its maximum limit, the lighter sections may deflect.
2) Architectural modifications are not possible when aluminum formwork is used.
• Plastic Formwork :
Plastic is another type of formwork material which is used for small concrete structures or
for complex portions of the structure. It is light in weight and durable for long periods.
For complicated concrete structures, Glass reinforced plastics (GRP) and vacuum formed
plastics are used.
• Advantages Of Plastic Formwork :
• Plastic is light in weight and can be easily handled.
• Formwork for complex shaped structures can be prepared easily.
• Good resistant against water.
• The damaged plastic sheets can be recycled and useful to make new sheets.
• Good quality plastic has great re-usability.
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• Disadvantages Of Plastic Formwork :
1. Plastic is weak against heat.
2. It is costly material.
3. It does not take much load when compared with others.
6) Magnesium Formwork :
Magnesium is another metal element which is used for formwork. Magnesium is not
directly used for formwork and is used with the combination of oxygen atoms which
forms magnesium oxide, usually called magnesia or MgO. Magnesium oxide boards or
MgO boards are famous in some countries because of their multiple applications. MgO
boards are available in required sizes and grades.
• Advantages Of Magnesium Formwork :
1. MgO boards are light in weight and easy to handle.
2. They are fire proof and waterproof.
3. Bio friendly boards cause no harm to the environment.
4. They are strong to resist heavy loads.
• Disadvantages Of Magnesium Formwork :
1. When MgO boards meet wet concrete, the magnesium chloride present in MgO
boards may dissolve and cause corrosion to the reinforcement.
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2. Skilled supervision is required for installation.
3. MgO boards cannot sustain in humid conditions. They absorb moisture easily from
atmosphere so, they are called as crying boards.
7) Fabric Formwork :
Fabric formwork is the modern technology in construction sector l Fabric can be mold
into any required shapes which makes it more famous formwork for architectural
purposes
• Advantages Of Fabric Formwork :
1) It weighs very less when compared to any other formwork material.
2) It is economical.
3) Any complex shape can be constructed using fabric formwork.
4) It is waterproof.
5) Doesn’t affect the concrete properties.
6) Easy to removal after the hardening of concrete.
• Disadvantages Of Fabric Formwork :
1) For installation skilled workers are required to form perfect and required
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complex shapes.
• Requirement Of Formwork :
1) It should be rigidly constructed and effectively propped and maintained with the
purpose to hold its shape without undue distortion.
2) It should be robust enough to maintain a huge range of dead and live loads. For
example, self-weight, reinforcing weight, moist concrete weight, worker loads, and
any extra loads throughout and after concrete casting.
3) The formwork should be designed in one of these manners so that it is able to be
evacuated in the right order without shaking or harming the concrete.
4) The formwork joints should be tight enough to keep away from cement grout
leaking.
5) The formwork material should be affordable, readily available, and used several
times.
6) It should be light and easy to handle.
7) The formwork surface should be flat and smooth, and it should be fitly adjusted to
the needed line and level.
8) The formwork after the work should be easily removable.
9) The formwork material shouldn’t bend or get crooked within the presence of
sunlight, rain, or water throughout the concreting process.
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Conclusion
It was a wonderful learning experience for me while working on this project. This project
Developed my thinking skills related to the topic. The project gives me real insight
related to the Topic “ Collect the details of various types of formwork used for RCC
Structure at site” . This is a great owner for me that our teacher helps us in all respect to
finish Such a Micro-Project i.e., “Collect the details of various types of formwork used
for RCC structure at site ”. A special Thanks to my dear Principal Sir and Teacher Setting
such a target for us. I enjoyed every beat of work, I put into this project, I do hope that
my. In conclusion, there are various methods for purifying water, each with its own
advantages and disadvantages. Boiling, filtration, distillation, chlorination, UV treatment,
and reverse osmosis are some of the most common methods of water purification. The
method you choose will depend on your needs and the contaminants you are trying to
remove.
Regardless of the method you choose, purifying water is an important step in ensuring
safe and healthy drinking water. Purified water is a beneficial choice for our health.
Removing impurities and providing a neutral taste, it can encourage us to drink more
water and stay hydrated. It can also support our digestive system, improve the taste and
quality of food, and promote healthy skin. While tap water is generally safe to drink,
choosing purified water can provide additional benefits for our health and well-being.
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References
• https://theconstructor.org
• https://constructionor.com
• https://www.britannica.com
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