Graphs of Trigonometric Functions

Terminology
 Domain: all the possible 𝑥 values on the graph
 Range: all the possible 𝑦-values on the graph
 Amplitude: the maximum distance from the equilibrium position
 Period: number of degrees to complete a wave or a cycle.

The Sine Graph: 𝒚 = 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝒙

Period: 360° Amplitude: 1
Range: −1 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 1; 𝑦 ∈ 𝑅 Domain: −360° ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 360°; 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅

The Cosine Graph: 𝒚 = 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝒙

Period: 360° Amplitude: 1
Range: −1 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 1; 𝑦 ∈ 𝑅 Domain: −360° ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 360°; 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅

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Change in amplitude: 𝒚 = 𝒂𝐬𝐢𝐧𝒙 or 𝒚 = 𝒂𝐜𝐨𝐬𝒙
 𝑦 = −1sin𝑥 …. amplitude 𝑎 = 1 ;
 𝑦 = 2sin𝑥….amplitude = 2 ;
 𝑦 = sin𝑥…amplitude = 1
 𝑦 = 𝑎sin𝑥…..amplitude = 𝑎
 The amplitude value is always positive, irrespective if 𝒂 is negative.
Example: if 𝑎 = −2, then the amplitude is 2. The parameter 𝒂 changes the amplitude
of the graph.

The graph of 𝒚 = 𝟐𝐬𝐢𝐧𝜽; 𝒙 ∈ [−𝟑𝟔𝟎°; 𝟑𝟔𝟎°]

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The graphs of: 𝒚 = −𝐬𝐢𝐧𝒙 and 𝒚 = 𝟐𝐬𝐢𝐧𝒙 for 𝒙 ∈ [−𝟑𝟔𝟎°; 𝟑𝟔𝟎°] on the same set of axes:

The graph of: 𝒚 = 𝟑𝐜𝐨𝐬𝜽; 𝒙 ∈ [−𝟑𝟔𝟎°; 𝟑𝟔𝟎°]

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 𝟏
The graphs of: 𝒚 = −𝟐𝐜𝐨𝐬𝒙 and 𝒚 = 𝟐 𝒄𝐨𝐬𝒙 for 𝒙 ∈ [−𝟑𝟔𝟎°; 𝟑𝟔𝟎°] on the same set of axes:

Vertical shift: 𝒚 = 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝒙 + 𝒒 or 𝒚 = 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝒙 + 𝒒. The parameter 𝒒 shifts the whole graph up or
down by 𝒒 units.

The graph of 𝒚 = 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝜽 + 𝟏; 𝒙 ∈ [−𝟑𝟔𝟎°; 𝟑𝟔𝟎°]

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The graphs of: 𝒚 = −𝐬𝐢𝐧𝒙 and 𝒚 = −𝐬𝐢𝐧𝒙 + 𝟏 for 𝒙 ∈ [−𝟑𝟔𝟎°; 𝟑𝟔𝟎°] on the same set of axes:

The graph of 𝒚 = 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝜽 − 𝟏; 𝒙 ∈ [𝟎°; 𝟑𝟔𝟎°]

Change in period: 𝒚 = 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝒃𝒙 or 𝒚 = 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝒃𝒙. The parameter 𝒃 changes the period of the
graph by a factor of 𝒃.

Graph of 𝒚 = 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝟑𝜽 for 𝒙 ∈ [−𝟑𝟔𝟎°; 𝟑𝟔𝟎°]

360 120
The new period is = 120°. All 𝑥-values are = 30° apart from each other. The 𝑦-values
3 4

remain unchanged.

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Graph of 𝒚 = 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝟐𝜽 for 𝒙 ∈ [−𝟑𝟔𝟎°; 𝟑𝟔𝟎°]
360 180
The new period is = 180°. All 𝑥 −values are = 45° apart from each other. The 𝑦-values
2 4

remain unchanged.

Horizontal shift 𝒚 = 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝒙 + 𝒒) or 𝒚 = 𝐜𝐨𝐬(𝒙 + 𝒒) .If 𝒒 > 𝟎 (positive), the graph moves 𝒒
degrees to the left. If 𝒒 < 0 (negative), the graph moves 𝒒 degrees to the right.

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Graph of y = 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝒙 and 𝒚 = 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝒙 + 𝟔𝟎°) on the same set of axes for 𝒙 ∈ [−𝟏𝟖𝟎°; 𝟏𝟖𝟎°]

Note that for the graph of 𝒚 = 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝒙 + 𝟔𝟎°),all the 𝒙-values of 𝒚 = 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙 have shifted by
60 units to the LEFT. In other words to every 𝒙-coordinate in the original 𝒚 = 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙
graph, you subtract 60.

Graph of 𝒚 = 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝒙 − 𝟔𝟎°) for 𝒙 ∈ [−𝟏𝟖𝟎°; 𝟑𝟔𝟎°]

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Note that for the graph of 𝒚 = 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝒙 − 𝟔𝟎°),all the 𝒙-values of 𝒚 = 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝒙 have shifted by
60 units to the RIGHT. In other words to every 𝒙-coordinate in the original 𝒚 = 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝒙 graph,
you add 60.

Graphs of 𝒚 = 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝒙 and 𝒚 = 𝐜𝐨𝐬(𝒙 − 𝟒𝟓°),for 𝒙 ∈ [−𝟏𝟖𝟎°; 𝟏𝟖𝟎°].

Note that for the graph of 𝒚 = 𝐜𝐨𝐬(𝒙 − 𝟒𝟓°), all the 𝒙-values of 𝒚 = 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝒙 have shifted by 45
units to the RIGHT. In other words to every 𝒙-coordinate in the original 𝒚 = 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝒙 graph, you
add 45.

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Graph of 𝒚 = 𝐜𝐨𝐬(𝒙 + 𝟑𝟎°) for 𝒙 ∈ [−𝟏𝟖𝟎°; 𝟏𝟖𝟎°]

The graph above is shifted by 30 units to the left.

The Tangent Graph

𝒚 = 𝐭𝐚𝐧𝒙 for 𝒙 ∈ [−𝟑𝟔𝟎°; 𝟑𝟔𝟎°]

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 1 Asymptotes 𝑥 = ±90° and ±270°
2 𝑥-intercepts 𝑥 = −360° ; 180° ; 0° ; 180° ; 360°
3 Domain 𝑥 ∈ [−360°; 360°]
4 Range 𝑦∈𝑅

Change in amplitude: 𝒚 = 𝒂𝐭𝐚𝐧𝒙

Graph of: 𝒚 = 𝟐𝐭𝐚𝐧𝒙 for 𝒙 ∈ [−𝟏𝟖𝟎°; 𝟏𝟖𝟎°]

The graph of 𝒚 = 𝒂𝐭𝐚𝐧𝒙 has no maximum or minimum value. The value does not change the
amplitude of 𝒚 = 𝒂𝐭𝐚𝐧𝒙 as there is no amplitude. The value of 𝑎 affects the 𝑦-value of each
point. Each 𝑦-value is multiplied by 𝑎.

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Vertical shift: 𝒚 = 𝐭𝐚𝐧𝒙 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒚 = 𝐭𝐚𝐧𝒙 + 𝟏 for 𝒙 ∈ [−𝟑𝟔𝟎°; 𝟑𝟔𝟎°]

𝟏
Change in period: 𝒚 = 𝐭𝐚𝐧 𝟐 𝒙 for 𝒙 ∈ [−𝟑𝟔𝟎°; 𝟑𝟔𝟎°]

180
The new period is : 1 = 360°.
2

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Horizontal Shift : 𝒚 = 𝐭𝐚𝐧(𝒙 + 𝒒) .If 𝒒 > 𝟎 (positive), the graph moves 𝒒 degrees to the left.
If 𝒒 < 0 (negative), the graph moves 𝒒 degrees to the right.

Graph of 𝒚 = 𝐭𝐚𝐧(𝒙 + 𝟒𝟓°) for 𝒙 ∈ [−𝟏𝟖𝟎°; 𝟏𝟖𝟎°]

Note: The graph of 𝒚 = 𝐭𝐚𝐧𝒙 has shifted 45 to the left to form 𝒚 = 𝐭𝐚𝐧(𝒙 + 𝟒𝟓°)The
asymptotes have also shifted 45° to the left.

PAST EXAM PRACTISE QUESTIONS

2010 November Paper 2 Q 12

12.1 Sketch the graphs of 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 2cos𝑥 and 𝑔(𝑥) = tan2𝑥 on the same system of axes
provided on the DIAGRAM SHEET 1 below for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 90°]. (6)
12.2 Solve for 𝑥 if 2cos𝑥 = tan2𝑥 and 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 90°]. Show ALL working details . (8)
12.3 Use the graph to solve for 𝑥: 2cos𝑥. tan2𝑥 > 0. (4)
𝑥
12.4 Write down the period of 𝑓 ( 2). (2)

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12.5 Write down the equations of the asymptotes of 𝑔(𝑥 − 25°) where 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 90°]. (2)

DIAGRAM SHEET 1

2016 Eastern Cape June Paper 2 Q 6

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The functions of 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = −tan 2 𝑥 and 𝑔(𝑥) = cos(𝑥 + 90°) for −180° ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 180° are given

6.1 Make a neat sketch, on the same system of axes of both graphs. Indicate all intercepts
with the axes and coordinates of the turning points. (6)

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 1
6.2 Give the value(s) of 𝑥 for which: cos(𝑥 + 90°) ≤ −tan 2 𝑥 (2)

2014 March Paper 2 Q 9

The graphs of 𝑓(𝑥 ) = cos(𝑥 − 45°) and 𝑔(𝑥 ) = −2sin𝑥 are drawn below for
𝑥 ∈ [−180°; 180°]. The point T is an 𝑥-intercept of 𝑓 as indicated on the diagram.

9.1 Show that cos(𝑥 − 45°) = −2sin𝑥 can be written as tan𝑥 = −0.2612. (4)
9.2 Solve the equation cos(𝑥 − 45°) = −2sin𝑥 for 𝑥 ∈ [−180°; 180°]. (3)
9.3 Write down the coordinates of point T. (2)
9.4 Write down the interval for which 𝑓(𝑥 ) ≥ 𝑔(𝑥). (2)
9.5 Write down the interval for which both f and g are strictly increasing. (3)
9.6 The graph h is obtained when the graph f is shifted 45° to the right. Write down the
equation of h in its simplest form. (2)

2015 Mpumalanga Preliminary Paper 2 Q 6

6.1 Calculate the value(s) of 𝑥 where 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 270°] if sin𝑥 = cos2𝑥 − 1. (7)

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6.2 Draw sketch graphs of 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = sin𝑥 + 1 and 𝑔(𝑥 ) = cos2𝑥 for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 270°]
on the same set of axes. Indicate on the sketch the coordinates of all intercepts with
the axes, any turning point and the points of intersection of the two graphs (6)
6.3 Use the graphs drawn in 6.3 to answer the following question:
Write down the values of 𝑥 for which 𝑓 (𝑥 ). 𝑔(𝑥) ≤ 0, if 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 270°]. (3)

2015 Gauteng Preliminary Paper 2 Q 7

The sketch below shows the graphs of 𝑓(𝑥 ) = cos2𝑥 and 𝑔(𝑥 ) = sin(𝑥 − 𝜃) for
𝑥 ∈ [−180°; 180°]. A(60°; 1) is a point on the graph of 𝑔. Use the graph to answer the
questions that follow.

7.1 Write down the value of 𝜃. (1)

7.2 Determine the period of 𝑓. (1)
7.3 If ℎ(𝑥 ) = 𝑓 (𝑥 ) − 1; write down the range of ℎ. (1)
7.4 Determine the values of 𝑥 where 𝑥 ∈ [0°; 180°]
7.4.1 𝑓(𝑥 ). 𝑔(𝑥) < 0 (3)

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 7.4.2 𝑓 ′ (𝑥 ). 𝑔(𝑥) > 0 (2)

2008 Higher Grade Paper 2 Q 4

1
Given 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = − 2 tan𝑥 and 𝑔(𝑥) = sin2𝑥

4.1 Determine the solution to the equation:

1
− tan𝑥 = sin2𝑥 for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 180°] (8)
2

4.2 Draw sketch graphs of the curves of f and g for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 180°] on your ANSWER BOOK.
Clearly show the co-ordinates of all turning points and intercepts with the axes. Indicate any
asymptotes by using dotted lines. (8)
4.3 Use the solution obtained in QUESTION 4.1 as well as the graphs drawn in QUESTION 4.2
to determine the value(s) of 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 180°] for which:
4.3.1 𝑓 (𝑥) > 𝑔(𝑥 ) (4)
4.3.2 𝑓 (𝑥). 𝑔(𝑥 ) ≤ 0 (2)
4.3.3 both 𝑓 (𝑥 ) and 𝑔(𝑥) are increasing as 𝑥 increaseses. (4)

2013 Higher Grade Paper 2 Q 4

Given 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = sin2𝑥 and 𝑔(𝑥) = cos(𝑥 − 30°) for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 180°]
4.1 Determine the solution to the equation:
sin2𝑥 = cos(𝑥 − 30°) for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 180°] (7)
4.2 Draw sketch graphs of the curves of f and g for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 180°] your ANSWER BOOK.
Clearly show the co-ordinates of all turning points and the end points of both curves. (8)
4.3 Use the solution obtained in QUESTION 4.1 as well as the graphs drawn in
QUESTION 4.2 to determine the value(s) of 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 180°] for which:
4.3.1 𝑓 (𝑥) < 𝑔(𝑥 ) (3)
4.3.2 𝑔(𝑥 ) increases as 𝑥 increases. (2)
4.3.3 𝑓 (𝑥). 𝑔(𝑥 ) > 0 (4)

2016 Gauteng June Paper 2 Q 6

Determine the new equation in each case:

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6.1.1 The period of 𝑦 = tan2𝑥 is halved. (1)
6.1.2 The amplitude of 𝑦 = cos2𝑥 + 1 is doubled. (1)
6.1.3 The graph of 𝑦 = sin(2𝑥 − 30°) is translated 30° to the left . (2)
6.2 The graph of 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 1 + sin𝑥 is sketched below for the interval 𝑥 ∈ [−180°; 180°].

6.2.1 On the system of axes in your ANSWER BOOK, sketch the graph of 𝑔 where
𝑔(𝑥) = cos2𝑥 for the interval 𝑥 ∈ [−180°; 180°]. (2)
6.2.2 Use your graphs to write down the values of 𝑥, for which 𝑓(𝑥). 𝑔(𝑥 ) ≤ 0 in the
given domain. (3)

2011 March Paper 2 Q 12

The graph of 𝑓(𝑥 ) = −2𝑠in𝑥 is drawn below.

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12.1 Write down the period of f. (1)
𝑓(𝑥)
12.2 Write down the amplitude of ℎ if ℎ(𝑥 ) = (2)
4

12.3 Draw the graph of 𝑔(𝑥 ) = cos(𝑥 − 30°) for 𝑥 ∈ [−180°; 180°] (3)
12.4 Use the graph to determine the number of solutions for:

−2sin𝑥 = cos(𝑥 − 30°), 𝑥 ∈ [−180°; 180°] (1)

12.5 For which values of 𝑥 is 𝑔(𝑥 ) ≥ 0 (2)
12.6 For which values of 𝑥 is 𝑓 ′ (𝑥 ) < 0 and 𝑔′(𝑥) > 0? (3)

2011 Higher Grade Paper 2 Q 4

Given 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = tan𝑥 − 1 and 𝑔(𝑥) = cos 2𝑥 for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 270°]
4.1 Draw sketch graphs of the curves of f and g for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 270°] your ANSWER BOOK.
Clearly show the co-ordinates of all turning points, asymptotes and the end points of both
curves. (10)
4.2 By using the graph drawn in QUESTION 4.1.
4.2.1Write down the 𝑥 -values for the point of intersection of
𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑔(𝑥 ) for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 270°] (2)
4.2.2 Hence give the general solution of 𝑓 (𝑥) = 𝑔(𝑥 ) (3)
4.2.3 Determine for which value(s) of 𝑥:

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 a) 𝑔(𝑥 ) − 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 2 for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 270°] (4)
b) 𝑓 (𝑥 ). 𝑔(𝑥 ) > 0 for 𝑥 ∈ [0°; 180°] (3)

2012 Higher Grade Paper 2 Q 4

Given 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = tan𝑥 and 𝑔(𝑥) = sin2𝑥 for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 180°]
4.1 Determine the solution of the equation
tan𝑥 = sin2𝑥 for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 180°] (8)
4.2 Draw sketch graphs of the curves of 𝑓 and 𝑔 for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 180°] on your ANSWER BOOK.
Clearly show all intercepts with the axes, coordinates of all turning points and end points of
both curves. Indicate the asymptotes by using dotted lines. (10)
4.3 Use the graphs drawn in QUESTION 4.2 and the solution obtained in
QUESTION 4.1 to determine the value(s) of 𝑥 for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 180°] which:
4.3.1 𝑓 (𝑥) < 𝑔(𝑥) (4)
4.3.2 𝑔(𝑥) increases as 𝑥 increases. (3)
4.3.3 𝑓 (𝑥). 𝑔(𝑥 ) = 1. (3)

2014 Higher Grade Paper 2 Q 4

In the sketch below the graphs of 𝑓 and 𝑔 are drawn. Given 𝑓(𝑥 ) = cos(𝑥 + 𝑏) and
𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑎sin𝑐𝑥 for 𝑥 ∈ [−180°; 180°].P and Q are the points of intersection of the graphs.

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4.1 Determine the numerical value of :
4.1.1 𝑎 (2)
4.1.2 𝑏 (1)
4.1.3 𝑐 (1)
4.2 Write down the range of 𝑔. (1)
4.3 If −28.68° is the 𝑥 − coordinate of point P, determine the coordinates of point Q,
(rounded off to two decimal digits). (3)
4.4 If ℎ is the graph of 𝑓 that is shifted horizontally 30° to the left, give the equation
of ℎ in the form ℎ(𝑥 ) = ⋯ (2)
4.5 Use the graphs to determine the value(s) of 𝑥 ∈ [−180°; 180°] for which:
4.5.1 𝑓(𝑥 ) − 𝑔(𝑥 ) > 0 (4)
4.5.2 𝑓 (𝑥). 𝑔(𝑥 ) ≥ 0 (4)
4.5.3 𝑔 is decreasing as 𝑓 increases. (2)

2017 March Paper 2 Q 5

In the diagram, the graphs of the functions 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑎sin𝑥 and 𝑔(𝑥) = tan𝑏𝑥 are drawn on the
same system of axes for the interval 0° ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 225°.

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5.1 Write down the values of 𝑎 and 𝑏. (2)
5.2 Write down the period of 𝑓 (3𝑥 ). (2)
5.3 Determine the values of 𝑥 in the interval 90° ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 225 for which 𝑓 (𝑥 ). 𝑔(𝑥 ) ≤ 0. (3)

2010 Higher Grade Paper 2 Q 4

Given 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = sin(𝑥 + 45°) and 𝑔(𝑥) = cos2𝑥 for 𝑥 ∈ [−180°; 180°]
4.1 Determine the coordinates of the points of intersection of curves 𝑓 and 𝑔
for 𝑥 ∈ [−180°; 180°]. (9)
4.2 Draw sketch graphs of curves 𝑓 and 𝑔 for 𝑥 ∈ [−180°; 180°]. Clearly show all intercepts
with the axes, coordinates of all turning points and end points of both curves. (9)
4.3 By using the graphs drawn in QUESTION 4.2 and the solutions obtained in QUESTION 4.1,
determine the value(s) of 𝑥 for which:
4.3.1 both 𝑓 and 𝑔 are increasing as 𝑥 increases. (3)
4.3.2 𝑓 (𝑥) > 𝑔(𝑥) (4)

2009 Higher Grade Paper 2 Q 4

Given 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = sin(𝑥 − 30°) and 𝑔(𝑥 ) = cos3𝑥 for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 90°].
4.1 Solve for 𝑥 if 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑔(𝑥) (5)
4.2 Draw sketch graphs of curves 𝑓 and 𝑔 for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 90°]. Clearly show all intercepts
with the axes, coordinates of all turning points and end points of both curves. (9)
4.3 By using the graphs drawn in QUESTION 4.2 and the solutions obtained in
QUESTION 4.1, determine the values of 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 90°] for which:
3
4.3.1 𝑓 (𝑥) − 𝑔(𝑥 ) = 2 (1)

4.3.2 𝑓 (𝑥) > 𝑔(𝑥 ) (3)

4.3.3 𝑓 (𝑥). 𝑔(𝑥 ) > 0 (3)
4.3.4 Both functions are increasing as 𝑥 increases over the interval [−60°; 30°]. (3)

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2016 Eastern Cape Preliminary Paper 2 Q 6
Given 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = cos2𝑥 and 𝑔(𝑥) = sin(𝑥 + 60°) for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 180°]
6.1 Solve for 𝑥 if 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑔(𝑥) and 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 180°]. (5)
6.2 Sketch the graph of 𝑓 and 𝑔 on the same set of axes for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 180°].
Clearly show ALL intercepts with the axes, points of intersection as well as turning points. (6)
3
6.3 Write down the period of 𝑔 (2 𝑥). (1)

6.4 Determine ℎ if ℎ(𝑥 ) = 𝑓 (𝑥 − 45°) − 1. (2)

2016 Kwazulu Natal Preliminary Paper 2 Q 6

1
On the same set of axes, sketch the graphs of 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 3cos𝑥 and 𝑔(𝑥 ) = tan 2 𝑥 for

−180° ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 360°. Clearly show the intercepts with the axes and all turning points.
Use the graphs in 6.1 to answer the following questions. (5)
6.2 Determine the period of 𝑔. (1)
6.3 Determine the co-ordinates of the turning points of 𝑓 on the given interval. (2)
6.4 For which values of 𝑥 will both functions increase as 𝑥 increases for
−180° ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 360°? (2)
6.5 If the 𝑦-axis is moved 45° to the left, then write down the new equation of 𝑓 in
the form 𝑦 = ⋯ (1)

2008 November Paper 2 Q 8

Consider the functions 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = cos3𝑥 and 𝑔(𝑥 ) = sin𝑥 for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 180°]
8.1 Solve for 𝑥 if 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑔(𝑥 ). (8)
8.2 Sketch the graphs of 𝑓 and 𝑔 on the system of axes on DIAGRAM SHEET 2 for
𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 180°]. (6)
8.3 Solve for 𝑥 if 𝑓(𝑥) ≤ 𝑔(𝑥) where 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 0°]. (3)

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DIAGRAM SHEET 2

2009 March Paper 2 Q 8

1
Consider the functions defined by 𝑓(𝑥 ) = sin2𝑥 and 𝑔(𝑥 ) = 2 tan𝑥 for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 180°]

8.1 Sketch the graphs of 𝑓 an 𝑔 on the same system of axes on DIAGRAM SHEET 1. (6)
8.2 Calculate the 𝑥 -coordinates of the points of intersection of 𝑓 and 𝑔. (10)
8.3 Determine the values of 𝑥 for which 𝑔(𝑥 ) > 𝑓(𝑥 ). (3)

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DIAGRAM SHEET 1

2009 November Paper 2 Q 12

Given 𝑔(𝑥 ) = 2cos(𝑥 − 30°)
12.1 Sketch the graph of 𝑔 for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 270°] on DIAGRAM SHEET 4. (2)
12.2 Use the symbols A and B to plot the two points on the graph of 𝑔 for which
cos(𝑥 − 30°) = 0,5. (2)
12.3 Calculate the 𝑥-coordinates of the points A and B. (3)
12.4 Write down the values of 𝑥, where 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 270°] and 𝑔′ (𝑥 ) = 0. (2)
12.5 Use the graph to solve for 𝑥, 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 270°], where 𝑔(𝑥) < 0. (3)

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DIAGRAM SHEET 4

2010 March Paper 2 Q 11

Given 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 1 + sin𝑥 and 𝑔(𝑥 ) = cos2𝑥
11.1 Calculate the points of intersection of the graphs 𝑓 and 𝑔 for 𝑥 ∈ [180°; 360°]. (7)
11.2 Draw sketch graphs of 𝑓 and 𝑔 for 𝑥 ∈ [180°; 360°] on the same system of axes
provided on DIAGRAM SHEET 3. (4)
11.3 For which values of x will 𝑓(𝑥) ≤ 𝑔(𝑥) for 𝑥 ∈ [180°; 360°]? (3)

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DIAGRAM SHEET 3

2011 November Paper 2 Q 10

The graphs of the functions 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑎tan𝑥 and 𝑔(𝑥 ) = 𝑏cos𝑥 for 0° ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 270° for are
shown in the diagram below. The point (225° ; 2) lies on 𝑓. The graphs intersect at points P
and Q.

26
10.1 Determine the numerical values of 𝑎 and 𝑏. (4)
10.2 Determine the minimum value of 𝑔(𝑥 ) + 2. (2)
1
10.3 Determine the period of 𝑓 (2 𝑥). (2)

10.4 Show that, if the 𝑥-coordinate of P is 𝜃 , then the 𝑥-coordinate of Q is 180° − 𝜃. (4)

27
2012 March Paper 2 Q 10
The graph of 𝑓(𝑥 ) = sin3𝑥 is drawn below for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 180°].

10.1 Write down the period of 𝑓. (1)

10.2 Write down the solutions for sin3𝑥 = −1 on the interval. (2)
10.3 Give the maximum value of ℎ if ℎ(𝑥 ) = 𝑓(𝑥 ) − 1. (2)
10.4 Draw the graph of 𝑔(𝑥 ) = 3cos𝑥 for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 180°]on the grid on DIAGRAM
SHEET 4. (3)
10.5 Use the graphs to determine how many solutions there are to the equation
𝑠𝑖𝑛3𝑥
− cos𝑥 = 0 on the interval 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 180°]. (2)
3

10.6 Use the graphs to solve: 𝑓(𝑥 ). 𝑔(𝑥) < 0. (4)

28
2012 November Paper 2 Q 10
The graphs of 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = sin(𝑥 + 30°) and 𝑔(𝑥 ) = −2cos𝑥 for −90° ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 180° are given
below. The graphs intersect at point P and point Q.

10.1 Calculate 𝑓 (0) − 𝑔(0). (1)

10.2 Calculate the 𝑥-coordinate of point P and Q. (7)
10.3 For which values of 𝑥 will 𝑓 (𝑥 ) ≥ 𝑔(𝑥 )? (2)
10.4 Graph ℎ is obtained by the following transformation of 𝑓: ℎ(𝑥 ) = 2𝑓(𝑥 + 60°).
Describe the relationship between 𝑔 and ℎ. (2)

29
2013 March Paper 2 Q 10
The graph of 𝑓(𝑥 ) = sin2𝑥 for −180° ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 90° is shown in the sketch below.

10.1 Write down the range of 𝑓. (2)

3
10.2 Determine the period of 𝑓 (2 𝑥). (2)

10.3 Draw the graph of 𝑔(𝑥 ) = cos(𝑥 − 30°) for −180° ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 90° on the system of
axes on DIAGRAM SHEET 3. Clearly label ALL the 𝑥-intercept and turning points. (4)
10.4 Hence, or otherwise, determine the values of 𝑥 in the interval −180° ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 90°
for which 𝑓 (𝑥). 𝑔(𝑥 ) < 0. (4)
10.5 Describe the transformation that graph 𝑓 has to undergo to form
𝑦 = sin(2𝑥 + 60°). (2)
10.6 Determine the general solution of sin2𝑥 = cos(𝑥 − 30°). (6)

30
2013 Gauteng June Paper 2 Q 10
10.1 Given: 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = cos(𝑥 − 60°) and 𝑔(𝑥 ) = sin3𝑥 for 𝑥 ∈ [−180°; 180]
10.1.1 Write down the period of 𝑔. (1)
10.1.2 Write down the range of 𝑓. (1)
10.1.3 Give the co-ordinates of the turning point of 𝑔 in the interval 0° < 𝑥 < 90°. (1)
10.1.4 ℎ(𝑥) is a new function obtained by shifting the graph of 𝑓 30° to the right.
Write down the equation of ℎ(𝑥 ). (1)
10.2 Given the functions: 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 2cos𝑥 and 𝑔(𝑥 ) = sin𝑥 + 1
10.2.1 Sketch the graphs of: 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 2cos𝑥 and 𝑔(𝑥 ) = sin𝑥 + 1 on the same set of axes for
𝑥 ∈ [−180°; 180]. Show the co-ordinates of all points of intersection with the axes, all turning
points and end points of the graphs. (8)
10.2.2 Read from your graph at least one value of 𝑥 for which 𝑔(𝑥 ) = 𝑓 (𝑥 ). (1)

31
10.2.3 (a) On your graph shade in the region 𝑓 (𝑥) ≥ 𝑔(𝑥 ). (1)
(b) For which value(s) of 𝑥 will 1 < 𝑔(𝑥 ) < 2? (2)

2013 November Paper 2 Q 12

Draw the graphs of 𝑓 (𝑥) = tan𝑥 + 1 and 𝑔(𝑥) = cos2𝑥 for 𝑥 ∈ [−180°; 180°] on the
same system of axes provided on DIAGRAM SHEET 2. Clearly show all intercepts with
the axes, turning points and asymptotes. (6)
12.2 Write down the period of 𝑔. (1)
12.3 If ℎ(𝑥 ) = −cos2(𝑥 + 10°),describe fully, in words the transformation from 𝑔 to ℎ. (2)
12.4 For which values of 𝑥 where 𝑥 > 0, will 𝑓 ′ (𝑥 )𝑔(𝑥) > 0? (4)

2014 Exemplar Paper 2 Q 6

In the diagram below, the graphs of 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = tan𝑏𝑥 and 𝑔(𝑥 ) = cos(𝑥 − 30°) are drawn on
the same system of axes for −180° ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 180°. The point P(90°; 1) lies on 𝑓.Use the diagram
to answer the following questions.

6.1 Determine the value of 𝑏. (1)

32
6.2 Write down the coordinates of A, a turning point of 𝑔. (2)
6.3 Write down the equation of the asymptote(s) of 𝑦 = tan 𝑏(𝑥 + 20°) for
𝑥 ∈ [−180°; 180°]. (1)
6.4 Determine the range of ℎ if ℎ(𝑥 ) = 2𝑔(𝑥 ) + 1. (2)

2014 Eastern Cape Preliminary Paper 2 Q 8

Given 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 2cos𝑥 and 𝑔(𝑥 ) = sin(𝑥 + 30°)
8.1 Write down the amplitude of 𝑓. (1)
8.2 Sketch the graph of 𝑓 and 𝑔 on the same set of axes on DIAGRAM SHEET 2. (5)
8.3 Determine the value(s) of 𝑥 for which 𝑓 (𝑥) − 𝑔(𝑥) ≥ 0 for ∈ [−180°; 90°]. (2)
8.4 Give TWO possible ways of transforming the graph of 𝑓 such that its 𝑦-intercept is at
the origin. (2)

DIAGRAM SHEET 2

33
2014 Gauteng Preliminary Paper 2 Q 7
7.1 Use the system of axes of DIAGRAM SHEET 3 to sketch the graphs of:
1
𝑓 (𝑥 ) = − 2 sin(𝑥 + 30°) and 𝑔(𝑥 ) = cos2𝑥 if −180° ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 180° (6)

7.2 Write down the period of 𝑔. (1)

7.3 Graph ℎ is obtained when the 𝑦-axis for 𝑓 is moved 120° to the left. Give the
equation of ℎ in the form ℎ(𝑥 ) =….. (2)
7.4 Determine the general solution of: cos2𝑥 = 1. (2)

DIAGRAM SHEET 3

2014 November Paper 2 Q 7

In the diagram below, the graph of 𝑓(𝑥) = sin𝑥 + 1 is drawn for −90° ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 270°.

34
7.1 Write down the range of 𝑓. (2)
7.2 Show that sin𝑥 + 1 = cos2𝑥 can be rewritten as (2sin𝑥 + 1)sin𝑥 = 0. (2)
7.3 Hence, or otherwise determine the general solution of sin𝑥 + 1 = cos2𝑥. (4)
7.4 Use the grid on DIAGRAM SHEET 2 to draw the graph of 𝑔(𝑥 ) = cos2𝑥 for
−90° ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 270°. (3)
7.5 Determine the value(s) of 𝑥 for which 𝑓 (𝑥 + 30°) = 𝑔(𝑥 + 30°) in the interval
−90° ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 270°. (3)
7.6 Consider the following geometric series:
1 + 2cos2𝑥 + 4cos 2 2𝑥 + …….
Use the graph of 𝑔 to determine the value(s) of 𝑥 in the interval 0° ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 90° for which
this series will converge. (5)

2015 Senior Certificate Paper 2 Q 6

In the diagram below the graphs of 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = sin𝑏𝑥 and 𝑔(𝑥 ) = −cos𝑥 are drawn for
−90° ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 90°. Use the diagram to answer the following questions.

35
6.1 Write down the period of 𝑓. (1)
6.2 Determine the value of 𝑏. (1)
6.3 The general solutions of the equation sin𝑏𝑥 = −cos𝑥 are 𝑥 = 67,5° + 𝑘90° or
𝑥 = 135° + 𝑘180° where 𝑘 ∈ 𝑍. Determine the 𝑥-values of the points of intersection
of 𝑓 and 𝑔 for the given domain. (3)
6.4 Write down the values of 𝑥 for which sin𝑏𝑥 + cos𝑥 < 0 for the given domain. (4)

2015 Western Cape June Paper 2 Q 7

Consider the functions: 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = cos2𝑥 and 𝑔(𝑥) = −sin𝑥
7.1 Write down the period of 𝑓. (1)
7.2 Determine the values of 𝑥 in the interval 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 90°] for which 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑔(𝑥 ). (4)
7.3 Sketch 𝑓 and 𝑔 on the same set of axes for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 90°] (3)
7.4 Determine the 𝑥-values for which:
7.4.1 (a) 𝑓 (𝑥 ). 𝑔(𝑥) < 0 (2)
7.4.2 (b) 𝑔(𝑥 ) − 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 2 (1)

36
2015 Gauteng Preliminary Paper 2 Q 7
7.1 Given: 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = tan(𝑥 + 45°) ; 𝑥 ∈ [−135°; 45°].
7.1.1 Sketch the graph of 𝑓 on DIAGRAM SHEET 1, showing all asymptote(s) and intercept(s)
with the axes. (3)
7.1.2 Using your graph or otherwise, determine the value(s) of 𝑥, in the interval
[−135°; 45°], for which:
1
sin𝑥. cos45° + cos𝑥 = cos(𝑥 + 45°)
√2
7.2 The following sketch shows the graphs of:
 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = cos𝑎𝑥; −180° ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 180°
 𝑔(𝑥 ) = 𝑏sin𝑥; −180° ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 180°

7.2.1 Determine the values of 𝑎 and 𝑏. (2)

7.2.2 What is the period of 𝑔? (1)
7.2.3 What is the minimum-value of 𝑓? (1)
7.2.4 For which values of 𝑥, in the interval [0°; 180°] is 𝑓(𝑥 ). 𝑔(𝑥 ) > 0? (2)

37
2015 Free State Preliminary Paper 2 Q 8
Consider the function 𝑓(𝑥 ) = sin2𝑥 for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 90°]

8.1 Write down the period of 𝑓. (1)

8.2 Sketch the graph of 𝑔(𝑥 ) = cos(𝑥 − 15°) for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 90°]. (5)
8.3 Solve the equation: sin2𝑥 = cos(𝑥 − 15°) for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 90°]. (7)
8.4 Find the values of 𝑥 for which 𝑓(𝑥 ) < 𝑔(𝑥 ). (3)

2015 Eastern Cape Preliminary Paper 2 Q 6

Given 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = sin(𝑥 − 30°) and 𝑔(𝑥 ) = cos3𝑥 for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 90°].
6.1 Write down the period of 𝑔. (1)
6.2 Sketch the graphs of 𝑓 and 𝑔 for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 90°].Clearly show all intercepts with the
axes and the co-ordinates of all the turning points and end points of both curves. (6)
6.3 Use the graph to determine the value(s) of 𝑥 for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 90°], where
6.3.1 𝑓(𝑥) > 𝑔(𝑥) (2)
6.3.2 𝑓 (𝑥). 𝑔(𝑥) > 0 (2)
6.4 Determine the range of ℎ(𝑥 ) = 3𝑓(𝑥 ) − 1. (2)

38
2015 Kwazulu Natal Preliminary Paper 2 Q 6
6.1 Determine the general solution of cos2𝑥 = sin(𝑥 − 30°) (7)
6.2 Sketch the graphs of 𝑓(𝑥 ) = cos2𝑥 and 𝑔(𝑥 ) = sin( 𝑥 − 30°) for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 90°].
Clearly indicate the co-ordinates of the turning points and intercepts with the axes. (6)
6.3 Write down the values of 𝑥 for which 𝑔(𝑥) > 𝑓(𝑥) in the given interval. (3)

2015 North West Preliminary Paper 2 Q 6

Consider: 𝑓(𝑥) = cos2𝑥 and 𝑔(𝑥) = sin(𝑥 − 60°)
6.1 Sketch the graphs of 𝑓 and 𝑔 for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 180°] on the same set of axes. Show clearly
all intercepts with the axes and the co-ordinates of all the turning points. (6)
6.2 Use the graphs to determine the value(s) of 𝑥 for which 𝑔(𝑥) > 0. (3)

2015 Western Cape Preliminary Paper 2 Q 6

6.1 Determine the general solution of sin(𝑥 + 30°) = cos3𝑥 (6)
6.2 In the diagram below, the graph of 𝑓(𝑥 ) = sin(𝑥 + 30°) is drawn for the
interval 𝑥 ∈ [−30°; 150°].

39
6.2.1 On the same system of axes sketch the graph of 𝑔,where 𝑔(𝑥 ) = cos3𝑥, for
the interval 𝑥 ∈ [−30°; 150°]. (3)
6.2.2 Write down the period of 𝑔. (1)
6.2.3 For which values of 𝑥 will 𝑓 (𝑥 ) ≥ 𝑔(𝑥) in the interval 𝑥 ∈ (−30°; 150°)? (3)

2016 March Paper 2 Q 6

Given the equation: sin( 𝑥 + 60°) + 2 cos 𝑥 = 0
6.1 Show that the equation can be written as tan𝑥 = −4 − √3. (4)
6.2 Determine the solutions of the equation sin( 𝑥 + 60°) + 2 cos 𝑥 = 0 in the
interval −180° ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 180°. (3)
6.3 In the diagram below, the graph of 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 2 cos 𝑥 is drawn for −120° ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 240°.

6.3.1 Draw the graph of 𝑔(𝑥 ) = sin(𝑥 + 60°) for −120° ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 240°. (3)
6.3.2 Determine the values of 𝑥 in the interval −120° ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 240° for which
sin(𝑥 + 60°) + 2cos𝑥 > 0. (3)

40
2016 Senior Certificate Paper 2 Q 6
6.1 Determine the general solution of 4sin𝑥 + 2cos2𝑥 = 2 (6)
6.2 The graph of 𝑔(𝑥) = −cos2𝑥 for 𝑥 ∈ [−180° ; 180°] is drawn below.

6.2.1 Draw the graph of 𝑓 (𝑥) = 2sin𝑥 − 1 for 𝑥 ∈ [−180° ; 180°] (3)
6.2.2 Write down the values of 𝑥 for which 𝑔 is strictly decreasing in the interval
𝑥 ∈ [−180° ; 0°]. (2)
6.2.3 Write down the value(s) of 𝑥 for which 𝑓 (𝑥 + 30°) − 𝑔(𝑥 + 30°) = 0 for
𝑥 ∈ [−180° ; 180°]. (2)

2016 North West Preliminary Paper 2 Q 6

1
Consider 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = cos(𝑥 − 45°) and 𝑔(𝑥 ) = tan 2 𝑥 for 𝑥 ∈ [−180° ; 180°].

6.1 Sketch the graphs of 𝑓 and 𝑔 on the same set of axes for 𝑥 ∈ [−180° ; 180°]. Show
clearly all the intercepts on the axes, the coordinates of the turning points and the
asymptotes. (6)
6.2 Use your graphs to answer the following questions for 𝑥 ∈ [−180° ; 180°]
6.2.1 Write down the solutions of cos(𝑥 − 45°) = 0. (2)

41
6.2.2 Write down the equations of asymptote(s) of 𝑔. (2)
6.2.3 Write down the range of 𝑓. (1)
1
6.2.4 How many solutions exist for the equation cos(𝑥 − 45°) = tan 2 𝑥? (1)

6.2.5 For what value(s) of 𝑥 is 𝑓 (𝑥 ). 𝑔(𝑥) > 0 (3)

2016 Overberg District Preliminary Paper 2 Q 6

In the diagram, the functions 𝑓(𝑥) = cos(𝑥 − 60°) and 𝑔(𝑥 ) = sin3𝑥 are drawn for
𝑥 ∈ [−120° ; 120°].

6.1 Write down the period of 𝑔(𝑥 ). (1)

6.2 Write down the amplitude of 𝑓(𝑥). (1)
6.3 Give the range of 𝑓 (𝑥 ) − 1. (1)
6.4 Determine the 𝑥 value(s), 𝑥 ∈ [−120° ; 120°] where the two graphs intersect. (6)
6.5 For which values of 𝑥, 𝑥 ∈ [0° ; 120°], will 𝑔(𝑥 − 5°) > 𝑓(𝑥 − 5°)? (3)
6.6 The graph ℎ is obtained when the graph of 𝑓 is shifted 45° to the left. Write down
the equation of ℎ in its simplest form. (2)

2016 Western Cape Preliminary Paper 2 Q 6

In the diagram, the graph of 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = −sin2𝑥 is drawn for the interval 𝑥 ∈ [−90° ; 180°].

42
6.1 Draw the graph of 𝑔 where 𝑔(𝑥 ) = cos(𝑥 − 60°) on the same system of axes for
the interval 𝑥 ∈ [−90° ; 180°]. (3)
6.2 Determine the general solution of 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑔(𝑥 ). (5)
6.3 Use your graphs to solve 𝑥 if 𝑓(𝑥) ≤ 𝑔(𝑥) for 𝑥 ∈ [−90° ; 180°] (3)
6.4 If the graph of 𝑓 is shifted 30° left, give the equation of the new graph which is
formed. (2)
6.5 Which transformation must the graph of 𝑔 undergo to form the graph of ℎ where
ℎ(𝑥) = sin𝑥? (2)

2016 Mpumalanga Preliminary Paper 2 Q 6

6.1 Given the equation 2cos𝜃 = sin(𝜃 + 30°).
6.1.1 Show that 2cos𝜃 = sin(𝜃 + 30°) is equivalent to √3sin𝜃 = 3cos𝜃. (3)
6.1.2 Hence or otherwise, calculate 𝜃 if 𝜃 ∈ [−180°; 180°]. (4)
6.2 Consider the functions 𝑓 (𝜃) = 2cos 𝜃 and 𝑔(𝜃) = sin(𝜃 + 30°) for
𝜃 ∈ [180°; 180°].
6.2.1 Sketch graphs of 𝑓 and 𝑔 on the same set of axes. Show intercepts on the axes
clearly. (5)

43
6.2.2 Use the graph to determine 𝜃 ∈ [−90°; 90°] if:
𝑓 (𝜃). 𝑔(𝜃) > 0 (3)
6.2.3 For which values of 𝜃 will 𝑔′ (𝜃) > 0, 𝜃 ∈ [−180°; 180°]? (3)

2016 Kwazulu Natal Preliminary Paper 2 Q 6

1
6.1 On the same system of axes, sketch the graphs of 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 3cos𝑥 and 𝑔(𝑥 ) = tan 2 𝑥

for −180° ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 360°. Clearly show the intercepts with the axes and all turning points.
Use the graphs in 6.1 to answer the following questions. (5)
6.2 Determine the period of 𝑔. (1)
6.3 Determine the co-ordinates of the turning points of 𝑓 on the given interval. (2)
6.4 For which values of 𝑥 will both functions increase as 𝑥 increases for
−180° ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 360°. (2)
6.5 If the 𝑦–axis is moved 45o to the left, then write down the new equation of 𝑓
in the form 𝑦 = ….. (1)

2016 Gauteng Preliminary Paper 2 Q 6.3

In the diagram below, the graph of 𝑓(𝑥) = 2 cos 𝑥 for 𝑥 ∈ [−180°; 180°]

44
6.3.1 Write down the range of 𝑓. (1)
6.3.2 Draw the graph of 𝑔 where 𝑔(𝑥 ) = sin(𝑥 + 30°) on the same set of axes for
𝑥 ∈ [−180°; 180°]. (3)
6.3.3 Write down the period of 𝑔. (1)
6.3.4 For which values of 𝑥 is g strictly increasing as 𝑥 increases, for
𝑥 ∈ [−180°; 180°]? (2)
6.3.5 For which values of 𝑥 will 𝑓 (𝑥 ). 𝑔(𝑥) > 0 for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 90°]. (2)

2016 Eastern Cape Preliminary Paper 2 Q 6

Given: 𝑓(𝑥 ) = cos2𝑥 and 𝑔(𝑥) = sin(𝑥 + 60°) for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 180°]
6.1 Solve for 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑔(𝑥) and 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 180°]. (5)
6.2 Sketch the graphs of 𝑓 and 𝑔 on the same set of axes for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 180°].
Clearly show ALL intercepts with the axes, points of intersection as well the turning
points. (6)
3
6.3 Write down the period of 𝑔 (2 𝑥). (1)

6.4 Determine ℎ if ℎ(𝑥 ) = 𝑓(𝑥 − 45°) − 1. (2)

2017 Ekurhuleni North June Paper 2 Q 6

Given: 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 2sin𝑥 and 𝑔(𝑥 ) = cos(𝑥 − 45°)
6.1 Determine the general solution of 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑔(𝑥 ). (5)
6.2 Sketch the graphs of 𝑓 and 𝑔 for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 180°], on the same set of axes.
Clearly indicate all intercepts with the axes as the maximum and minimum values. (6)
6.3 Use your answers in Questions 6.1 and 6.2 to determine for which values of 𝑥 will
𝑓 (𝑥 ) > 𝑔 (𝑥 ). (2)

2017 Johannesburg South Cluster June Paper 2 Q 8

8.1 In the diagram below, graphs of 𝑓(𝑥 ) = cos𝑥 + 𝑞 and 𝑔(𝑥 ) = sin(𝑥 + 𝑞) are drawn
1
on the same system of axes for −240° ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 240°. The graphs intersect at (0°; ) ;
2

(120°; −1) and (240°; −1).

45
8.1.1 Determine the values of 𝑝 and 𝑞. (2)
8.1.2 Determine the values of 𝑥 in the interval −240° ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 240° for 𝑓 (𝑥 ) > 𝑔(𝑥). (2)
8.1.3 Describe the transformation that the graph of 𝑔 has to undergo to form the graph
of ℎ where ℎ(𝑥 ) = −cos𝑥. (2)

2017 Eastern Cape June Paper 2 Q 6

Given 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = tan𝑥 and 𝑔(𝑥 ) = sin(𝑥 + 45°)
6.1 Draw the graphs of 𝑓(𝑥 ) and 𝑔(𝑥 ) on the same set of axes for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 180°] (6)
6.2 Use your graphs to determine the value(s) of 𝑥 in the interval 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 90°]
for which:
6.2.1 𝑔(𝑥 ) − 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 1 (2)
6.2.2 𝑔(𝑥 ) ≥ 𝑓(𝑥) (2)
6.3 State the period of 𝑦 = 𝑓 (2𝑥 ). (1)

2017 Senior Certificate Paper 2 Q 6

In the diagram are the graphs of 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = sin2𝑥 and ℎ(𝑥 ) = cos(𝑥 − 45°) for the interval
𝑥 ∈ [−180°; 180°]. A(−135°; −1) is a minimum point on the graph of ℎ and C (45°; 1)

46
 1
is a maximum point on both graphs. The two graphs intersect at B, C and D (165°; − 2).

6.1 Write down the period of 𝑓. (1)

6.2 Determine the 𝑥-coordinate of B. (1)
1
6.3 Use the graphs to solve 2sin𝑥. cos𝑥 ≤ (cos𝑥 + sin𝑥) for the interval
√2

𝑥 ∈ [−180°; 180°]. Show ALL working. (4)

2017 Eastern Cape Preliminary Paper 2 Q 6

1
Given 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = tan 2 𝑥 and 𝑔(𝑥 ) = sin(𝑥 − 30°) for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 180°].

6.1 On the same set of axes draw the graphs of 𝑓 and 𝑔. Show clearly on your graphs
the turning points and asymptotes, if any. (6)

6.2 Write down the period of 𝑓. (2)

6.3 For what values of 𝑥 is 𝑓 (𝑥 ). 𝑔(𝑥) < 0 for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 120°]? (2)
6.4 Write down the equation(s) of the asymptotes of 𝑓 if ℎ(𝑥 ) = 𝑓(𝑥 + 10°) for
𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 180°]. (1)

47
2017 Gauteng Preliminary Paper 2 Q 6
The sketch below shows a part of the graph of 𝑓 where 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑎sin𝑏𝑥. A turning point of
𝑓 is (−45°; −1).

6.1 Write down the values of 𝑎 and 𝑏. (3)

6.2 Complete the graph of 𝑓 for 𝑥 ∈ [−180°; 180°]. (3)
6.3 Hence, determine the values of 𝑥 for which 𝑓′(𝑥) < 0 in the interval
𝑥 ∈ [−180°; 0°]. (2)

2018 March Paper 2 Q 5.5

Consider 𝑔(𝑥 ) = −4cos(𝑥 + 30°)
5.5.1 Write down the maximum value of 𝑔(𝑥 ). (1)
5.5.2 Determine the range of 𝑔(𝑥 ) + 1. (2)
5.5.3 The graph of 𝑔 is shifted 60° to the left and then reflected about the 𝑥-axis to
form a new graph ℎ. Determine the equation of ℎ in its simplest form. (3)

2018 Senior Certificate Paper Q 6

𝑥
In the diagram, the graphs of 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = −3sin 2 and 𝑔(𝑥 ) = 2cos(𝑥 − 60°) are drawn in
the interval 𝑥 ∈ [−180°; 180°]. T(𝑝; 𝑞) is a turning point of 𝑔 with 𝑝 < 0.

48
6.1 Write down the period of 𝑓. (1)
6.2 Write down the range of 𝑔. (2)
6.3 Calculate 𝑓(𝑝) − 𝑔(𝑝). (3)
6.4 Use the graphs to determine the value(s) of 𝑥 in the interval 𝑥 ∈ [−180°; 180°]
for which:
6.4.1 𝑔(𝑥 ) > 0 (3)
6.4.2 𝑔(𝑥 ). 𝑔′(𝑥) > 0 (4)

2018 Eastern Cape Preliminary Paper 2 Q 6

In the diagram below, the graph of 𝑓(𝑥) = −2cos𝑥 is drawn in the interval −90° ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 180°.

49
6.1 Write down the amplitude of (𝑥) . (1)
6.2 Write down the range of 𝑓 (𝑥 ) + 3. (2)
6.3 On the same system of axes draw the graph of 𝑔(𝑥 ) = sin(𝑥 + 30°). (3)
6.4 Determine the values of 𝑥 in the interval −90° ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 180° for which 𝑥. 𝑔(𝑥 ) < 0 ? (2)
6.5 Write the equation of ℎ, where ℎ is formed by shifting 𝑔, 60° to the left and 2 units
downwards. (Leave your answer in simplified form.) (3)

2018 Overberg District Preliminary Paper 2 Q 6

In the diagram 𝑔(𝑥 ) = 𝑎sin𝑥, 𝑥 ∈ [−180°; 180°].

50
6.1 Determine the value of 𝑎. (1)
6.2 Sketch the graph of 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 2cos(𝑥 − 30°) on the same system of axes. (3)
6.3 Determine the values of 𝑥 if 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑔(𝑥) for 𝑥 ∈ [−180°; 180°]. (5)
6.4 The minimum value of 𝑦 = 𝑔 (𝑥 ) − 𝑘 is equal to −5. Write down the value of 𝑘. (1)
6.5 Describe the translation from 𝑓 to 𝑔. (2)

2018 North West Preliminary Paper 2 Q 6

In the diagram below, the graphs of 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = cos(𝑥 + 𝑝) and 𝑔(𝑥 ) = sin𝑥 + 𝑞 are drawn
on the same set of axes for −240° ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 180°. A (−150°; −1) is a point on 𝑔.

6.1 Determine the values of 𝑝 and 𝑞. (4)

6.2 Determine graphically the values of 𝑥 for −240° ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 180°, where
1
𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑔 (𝑥 ) + 2 . (2)

6.3 Describe the transformation that the graph of 𝑓 has to undergo to form the graph
of ℎ where ℎ(𝑥 ) = −sin𝑥. (2)

51
2018 Free State Preliminary Paper 2 Q 8
The diagram below shows the graphs of 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑎cos𝑏𝑥 and 𝑔(𝑥 ) = 𝑐sin𝑑𝑥 in the interval
𝑥 ∈ [0°; 180°]. The graphs of 𝑓 and 𝑔 intersect at points P and Q. M (90°; 2) is the turning
point of 𝑔 and N(180°; 1) is an end of point 𝑓.

8.1 Write down the numerical value of 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 and 𝑑. (4)

8.2 If (158,56°, 073) are the coordinates of Q, write down the coordinates of P. (2)
8.3 If 𝑥 ∈ (0°; 180°),determine the values of 𝑥 for which:
8.3.1 𝑔(𝑥 ) − 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 3 (1)
8.3.2 𝑓 (𝑥). 𝑔(𝑥 ) ≤ 0 (2)

2018 Kwazulu Natal Preliminary Paper 2 Q 6

Given: 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 3cos𝑥 and 𝑔(𝑥) = tan2𝑥 for 𝑥 ∈ [−45°; 225°]
6.1 Sketch on the same set of axes the graphs of f and g. Clearly indicate any
asymptotes using dotted lines. (8)
6.2 One solution of the equation 3cos𝑥 = tan2𝑥 is 34°. Use your graph, to determine
any other solutions in the given interval. (2)

52
2018 Eastern Cape Preliminary Paper 2 Q 6
6.1 A function is defined as 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑎cos(𝑥 − 𝑝) + 1.
The function satisfies the following conditions:
 The period is 360°
 The range is 𝑦 ∈ [−1; 3]
 The coordinates of a maximum point are (210°; 3)
Write down the values of 𝑎 and 𝑝. (2)
6.2 In the diagram below, the functions 𝑓(𝑥 ) = cos(𝑥 − 60°) and 𝑔(𝑥 ) = sin3𝑥 are
drawn for 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 180°].

For what value(s) of 𝑥 is:

6.2.1 𝑓′(𝑥 ) = 0 where 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 180°]? (1)
6.2.2 𝑓 (𝑥) = 𝑔(𝑥) where 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 30°]? Show all relevant calculations. (6)
6.2.3 𝑓 (𝑥) > 𝑔(𝑥 ), where 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 30°]? (2)

2018 Mpumalanga Preliminary Paper 2 Q 6

In the diagram the graph of 𝑔(𝑥 ) = −cos𝑥 is drawn for the interval 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 180°].

53
6.1 On the same set of axis draw the graph of 𝑓(𝑥 ) = sin(𝑥 + 30°) for 𝑥 ∈ [−90° ; 180°].
Show clearly all the intercepts with the axes, as well as the turning points. (4)
6.2 Write down the period of 𝑔(2𝑥 ). (2)
6.3 Determine for which values of 𝑥, 𝑥 ∈ [−90°; 180] the graphs of 𝑓 and 𝑔 are
both increasing. (2)

2018 Limpopo Preliminary Paper 2 Q 6

1
Given: 𝑓(𝑥 ) = cos𝑥 − for 𝑥 ∈ [−180°; 270°].
2

54
6.1 Draw a sketch graph of 𝑔(𝑥 ) = sin(𝑥 + 30°) on the same set of axes for
𝑥 ∈ [−180°; 270°].Show all the intercepts with the axes and the turning points and
end points. (3)
6.2 Use your graph and determine for which 𝑥-values, 𝑥 ∈ [−180°; 270°] is :
6.2.1 𝑓 (𝑥) > 𝑔(𝑥 ). (3)
6.2.2 𝑓 (𝑥). 𝑔(𝑥 ) ≥ 0. (3)
6.3 The graph of 𝑔 is shifted 120° to the right to form ℎ. Determine the equation
of ℎ in its simplest form. (2)

2018 Gauteng Preliminary Paper 2 Q 6

The functions 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = tan2𝑥 and 𝑔(𝑥 ) = 1 + sin2𝑥 are sketched for 𝑥 ∈ [−135°; 135].

6.1 Write down the equation of the asymptote in the interval 𝑥 ∈ [−135; 0]. (1)
6.2 If ℎ(𝑥 ) =
𝑠in𝑥 − 2 sin3 𝑥
2sin2 𝑥. cos𝑥
55
determine ℎ in terms of 𝑓. (4)
6.3 Determine the equation of 𝑝 in its simplest form, if graph 𝑔 is translated by moving
the 𝑦-axis 45° to the right. (3)
6.4 Determine the values of 𝑥 for which (tan2𝑥)(−1 − 𝑠in2𝑥) ≤ 0 for
𝑥 ∈ [−135°; 0°). (3)

56