INTRODUCTION TO TEACHER EDUCATION EDU 122

Meaning of a Teacher: A teacher is a person that is professionally trained in any

teacher institution, certified and capable of imparting knowledge to pupils or students.
Meaning of Teacher Education: Teacher education refers to the comprehensive
training and preparation programs that are designed to equip prospective teachers with
the necessary knowledge, skills, attitudes, and methodologies required to effectively
perform their roles in schools. It includes a variety of components that contribute to the
development of competent educators who can foster learning and growth among
students.
Objectives of Teacher Education
The objectives of teacher education according to the National Policy on Education
(NPE) in Nigeria, as outlined by the Federal Government, are focused on producing
well-rounded, competent, and professional teachers who can contribute effectively to the
educational system. These objectives include:
1. Production of Highly Motivated Teachers: To train teachers who are highly
motivated and dedicated to the teaching profession, with a strong commitment to the
teaching and learning process.
2. Professionalism in Teaching: To provide teachers with the knowledge, skills, and
attitudes necessary for professional growth and effectiveness in the teaching profession.
3. Sound Educational Foundation: To produce teachers with a sound understanding of
educational principles and practices, which will enable them to guide and nurture
students effectively.
4. Development of Teaching Competence: To develop in teachers the pedagogical
competence needed to manage the classroom effectively, utilize diverse teaching
methods, and cater to the varying needs of students.
5. Promotion of National Values: To equip teachers with the ability to instill in
students the values of national unity, patriotism, and respect for diversity, thereby
contributing to the overall development of the nation.
6. Capacity for Innovation and Creativity: To prepare teachers who are capable of
innovating and adapting to new educational challenges, and integration of technology in
teaching and learning.
7. Encouragement of Continuous Learning: To foster a culture of continuous
professional development and lifelong learning among teachers, ensuring that they
remain up-to-date with the latest trends and developments in education.
8. Leadership and Administrative Skills: To provide teachers with the skills required
for effective leadership and administration within the educational system, enabling them
to take on roles beyond the classroom.
9. Preparation for All Levels of Education: To ensure that teachers are adequately
prepared to teach at all levels of the educational system, from early childhood education
to tertiary education, depending on their area of specialization.

Categories of Teachers in Nigeria

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In Nigeria, teachers are categorized according to their qualifications or certificates,
which determine the level at which they can teach. The Teachers Registration Council of
Nigeria (TRCN) categorizes teachers into four categories. These categories help to
ensure that teachers meet the professional standards required to teach at various levels.
Here are the categories as defined by the TRCN:

1. Category A (Professor/PhD Holders)

 Qualification: Doctorate Degree (Ph.D.) in Education or related fields.

 Teaching Level: Typically professors or senior academic staff teaching in
universities, polytechnics, and colleges of education. Also involved in educational
research and administration.

2. Category B (Master’s Degree Holders)

 Qualification: Master's Degree (M.Ed or equivalent) in Education or related

fields.
 Teaching Level: Qualified to teach in tertiary institutions and can hold senior
teaching positions in secondary schools. Often involved in educational leadership
and policy development.

3. Category C (Bachelor’s Degree Holders)

 Qualification: Bachelor of Education (B.Ed) or equivalent, or a Bachelor's degree

with a Postgraduate Diploma in Education (PGDE).
 Teaching Level: Qualified to teach at the primary, secondary, and possibly
tertiary levels depending on the institution's requirements.

4. Category D (NCE Holders)

 Qualification: National Certificate in Education (NCE).

 Teaching Level: This is the minimum qualification for teaching in primary and
junior secondary schools in Nigeria. It represents the minimum level of teaching
qualification recognized by the TRCN for teaching in primary and junior
secondary schools in Nigeria.

Roles of a Teacher in the School

Teachers play a multifaceted role within the educational system, and their
responsibilities can be categorized into several key areas. Each of these roles contributes
to the overall development and success of students, as well as the functioning of the
school community.
1. Knowledge Dissemination: Teachers play a crucial role in conveying information
and concepts (subject matter) to students. They design lesson plans that align with

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educational standards and cater to diverse learning styles, ensuring that all students have
access to the curriculum.
2. Skill Development: In addition to imparting knowledge, teachers play a crucial role
in fostering the development of essential skills such as critical thinking, problem-
solving, and analytical abilities among students.
Roles of a Teacher in the Community
Teachers play several vital roles within their communities, contributing to both
educational and social development.
1. Educator: Teachers provide essential knowledge and skills to youths in the
community, preparing them for future challenges and opportunities.
2. Role Model: They serve as role models for students, demonstrating values such as
integrity, empathy, and perseverance, which influence character development.
3. Mentor: Teachers often act as mentors, guiding youths through personal and
academic challenges while fostering their growth and self-confidence.
4. Community Connector: They connect schools with the community by engaging
parents, local organizations, and stakeholders in educational initiatives and events.
5. Advocate for Students: Teachers advocate for the needs of their youths and students
within the community, ensuring that all voices are heard.
6. Promoter of Lifelong Learning: By instilling a love for learning in their youths,
teachers encourage ongoing education beyond formal schooling.
7. Agent of Social Change: Teachers can address societal issues through education by
promoting awareness around topics like diversity, equity, and environmental
stewardship.
8. Support System: They provide emotional support to students and families in the
communities during difficult times, creating a safe space for discussion and growth.
9. Civic Educator: Teachers educate students about civic responsibilities and encourage
active participation in community service and local governance.
10. Cultural Ambassador: They help preserve cultural heritage by teaching local
history and traditions while also promoting understanding of diverse cultures within the
society.6 t
Challenges of Teacher Education in Nigeria
Teacher education in Nigeria faces numerous challenges that significantly impact the
quality of education and the effectiveness of teachers. Below are some of the key
challenges:
1. Inadequate Funding
One of the most serious issues is the chronic lack of funding for teacher education
programs and institutions. Insufficient financial resources lead to poor infrastructure,
outdated teaching materials, and inadequate facilities, which hinder effective teaching
and learning.
1. Inadequate Infrastructure
The lack of adequate infrastructure—such as classrooms, libraries, and laboratories for
the growing numbers of students significantly hampers the quality of teacher education
and limits effective teaching and learning practices.

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2. Shortage of Qualified Teachers
There is a severe shortage of qualified teachers, particularly in rural areas. Many
teachers lack the necessary training and qualifications, leading to poor learning
outcomes for students.
3. Low Salaries and Poor Working Conditions
Teachers in Nigeria schools often receive low salaries, which makes it difficult to attract
and retain qualified teachers. Poor working conditions further worsened this issue, as
many schools lack basic amenities and resources.
4. Poor Government Support and Policies
Inadequate government support and ineffective policies contribute to the challenges
faced by teacher education institutions. The absence of clear guidelines can lead to
inconsistencies in training quality across different regions.
5. Brain Drain
The migration of qualified teachers seeking better opportunities in other profession and
abroad leads to a brain drain that further diminishes the quality of teacher education
within Nigeria.
6. Strike Actions
Frequent strikes by educational unions due to unresolved grievances regarding pay
working conditions, or policy implementation disrupt academic calendars and negatively
affect both teacher training and student learning outcomes.
7. Lack of Practical Training
Many teacher training programs focus heavily on theoretical knowledge while
neglecting practical training opportunities. This deficiency means that new teachers
often struggle to apply their knowledge effectively in real classroom settings.
8. Societal Attitude to Teacher Education
Societal attitudes often undervalue the teaching profession, viewing it as less prestigious
compared to other careers. This perception lead to a lack of support for teacher education
programs and insufficient investment in professional development.
9. Fragmentation of Representation (Trade Unions)
The presence of numerous trade unions lead to fragmentation within the teaching
profession. This division has resulted in conflicting agendas and priorities, making it
difficult for teachers to present a united front on issues such as salary negotiations,
working conditions, and educational reforms.

Solutions to Challenges Facing Teacher Education in Nigeria

1. Inadequate Funding- Increase Government Budget Allocation for teacher education.

Higher percentage of the national budget should be allocated specifically for education.
Also government and private sectors should be encouraged to partner in funding teacher
education programs.
2. Inadequate Infrastructure

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Infrastructure Development Programs: there is need to implement targeted programs
to build and renovate educational facilities, ensuring they meet modern standards.

3. Shortage of Qualified Teachers

Incentives for Rural Teaching: Provide financial incentives, housing allowances, and
career development opportunities for teachers willing to work in rural areas. And also
offer teacher training scholarships and grants for aspiring teachers, particularly from
undeserved regions.

4. Low Salaries and Poor Working Conditions

Salary Reforms and Improvement of Facilities: Review and adjust teacher salaries to
reflect their qualifications and the cost of living. Ensure schools are equipped with basic
amenities like clean water, electricity, and functional restrooms.

5. Poor Government Support and Policies

Policy Review and Reform: Engage stakeholders in reviewing existing policies related
to teacher education and implement reforms based on feedback from educators.

6. Brain Drain

Retention Strategies: Government should develop strategies such as competitive

salaries, professional development opportunities, and improved working conditions to
retain qualified teachers. And Create programs that encourage Nigerian educators abroad
to contribute remotely or return home.

7. Strike Actions

Dialogue Mechanisms and Conflict Resolution Frameworks: Government and union

should establish regular dialogue platforms between government, educational unions,
and stakeholders to address grievances proactively. And develop frameworks for conflict
resolution that prioritize negotiation over strikes.

8. Lack of Practical Training

Enhanced Practicum Programs: Educators should Integrate more hands-on training

experiences into teacher education curricula through partnerships with local schools. Pair
new teachers with experienced mentors who can provide guidance during their initial
years in the classroom.

9. Societal Attitudes Towards Teaching Profession

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 Awareness Campaigns: Launch campaigns highlighting the importance of teaching as
a profession and its impact on society. Establish awards or recognition programs that
celebrate outstanding teachers in communities.

10. Fragmentation of Representation (Trade Unions)

Unified Union Efforts: Encourage collaboration among various teacher unions to

present a united front on issues affecting the profession by developing models that
ensure all voices within the teaching community are heard in union activities.

Meaning of Profession

The term profession refers to types of occupation or careers that require specialized
knowledge, education, training, and often certification or licensing. It involves the
application of learned skills and ethical standards in a particular field. Examples of
professions include medicine, law, teaching, engineering, and accounting. Each of these
fields requires extensive education and training, adherence to ethical guidelines, and
often, certification or licensing to practice.

Characteristics of a Profession

1. Specialized Knowledge: Professionals possess a deep understanding and expertise in

a specific area, which they acquire through formal education and practical experience.
2. Standards and Ethics: A profession is governed by a code of ethics and standards of
practice that guide the behavior and decision-making of its members.
3. Autonomy: Professionals typically have a degree of autonomy in their work, making
decisions based on their expertise and judgment.
4. Commitment to Service: A profession often emphasizes a commitment to serving the
public or a particular group, placing the well-being of others above personal gain.
5. Continuous Learning: Professionals are expected to engage in ongoing education and
professional development to stay current with advancements in their field.

Teaching as a Profession

Teaching as a profession is characterized by several key attributes that distinguish it

from other occupations. Teaching as a profession is more than just a job; it is a vocation
that requires a deep commitment to education, ethical practice, and continuous personal
and professional growth. These attributes highlight the specialized knowledge, skills,
and ethical responsibilities that teachers must uphold. Here’s an explanation of teaching
as a profession:

1. Specialized Knowledge and Training

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Teachers undergo rigorous training through degree programs, certifications, and
sometimes further specialization to acquire the skills needed to educate students
effectively.

2. Ethical Standards and Responsibilities

Like other professions, teaching is governed by a set of ethical standards. Teachers are
expected to act in the best interests of their students, fostering an environment of respect,
fairness, and integrity.

3. Commitment to Lifelong Learning

As professionals, teachers are committed to continuous learning and professional

development to stay current with educational advancements and improve their teaching
practices.

4. Autonomy and Decision-Making

Teachers often have a significant degree of autonomy in the classroom. They make
decisions about how to present material, assess student progress, and manage classroom
dynamics.

5. Service to Society

Teaching is fundamentally a service-oriented profession. Teachers play a critical role in

society by educating the next generation, fostering critical thinking, and promoting the
personal and social development of students.

6. Professional Standards and Accountability

Teachers are held to high standards of accountability, not only by their employers but
also by society at large. They are expected to meet specific educational standards,
achieve learning outcomes, and contribute to the overall improvement of the education
system.

7 Collaboration and Professional Community

Teaching is not an isolated profession. Teachers often collaborate with colleagues,

parents, and the community to enhance student learning. They participate in professional
learning communities, attend workshops.

Professionalization of Teaching in Nigeria

The professionalization of teaching in Nigeria refers to the formal recognition of

teaching as a regulated profession, similar to law, medicine, or engineering. This process

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is aimed at improving the quality and standards of education in the country by ensuring
that teachers are well-trained, certified, and accountable. The professionalization process
is important for raising the quality of education in Nigeria, ensuring that all students
have access to competent and well-trained teachers.

Key Components of the Process of Professionalization of Teaching

1. Establishment of the Teachers Registration Council of Nigeria (TRCN): The

TRCN was established by Act 31 of 1993 to regulate and control the teaching profession
in all aspects and ramifications. Its mandate includes the registration, certification, and
licensing of teachers, ensuring that only qualified individuals are allowed to practice
teaching.
2. Minimum Qualification Requirements: The TRCN sets minimum qualification
standards for teachers at various educational levels. The National Certificate in Education
(NCE) is the minimum requirement for teaching in primary and junior secondary schools,
while higher qualifications (Bachelor's, Master's, and Ph.D.) are required for teaching in
senior secondary and tertiary institutions.
3. Teacher Registration and Licensing: All teachers in Nigeria must be registered and
licensed by the TRCN. This process involves meeting educational qualifications, passing
the professional qualifying examination, and complying with continuous professional
development (CPD) requirements.
4. Professional Ethics and Code of Conduct: The TRCN has established a code of
conduct and ethics for teachers to promote professionalism, integrity, and ethical
standards. This includes guidelines on how teachers should conduct themselves in their
professional duties and relationships with students, parents, and colleagues.
5. Continuous Professional Development (CPD): Professionalization requires teachers
to engage in continuous learning and skills development. The TRCN mandates regular
training programs, workshops, and seminars to ensure that teachers keep up with new
educational trends and pedagogical practices.
6. Sanctions and Accountability: The professionalization of teaching also involves
ensuring accountability. Teachers who breach professional standards or engage in
misconduct are subject to disciplinary measures, which may include suspension or
revocation of their teaching license.
7. Improvement of Teaching Standards: By professionalizing teaching, Nigeria aims
to elevate the status of teachers, improve their working conditions, and ultimately
enhance the quality of education. It seeks to transform teaching into a career that is
respected, well-regulated, and attractive to skilled individuals.

Ethics of the Teaching Profession

The ethics of the teaching profession refer to the moral principles and standards that
guide teachers' behavior and practices in their professional duties. These ethics are
designed to ensure that teachers uphold the dignity of the profession, act in the best

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interest of students, and maintain high standards of conduct in their interactions with
students, colleagues, parents, and the community.

Importance of Ethical Behavior

Adherence to these ethical principles is crucial for maintaining the integrity and respect
of the teachinpg profession.

1. It fosters trust between teachers, students, parents, and the community,

2. ensures that the educational environment is conducive to learning and personal
growth.
3. It also protects teachers from legal and professional issues, as many of these
principles align with legal requirements and institutional policies.
4. The ethics of the teaching profession contribute to a more just, fair, and effective
educational system.

It helps to regulate the conduct of teachers.

Ethical Principles For The Teaching Profession

The Teachers Registration Council of Nigeria (TRCN) outlines several ethical principles
for the teaching profession. These principles emphasize the professional conduct
expected of educators and are crucial for maintaining the integrity and quality of
education. Key principles include:

1. Professionalism: Teachers should demonstrate high standards of professional

behavior, including respect for the profession, adherence to ethical standards, and
commitment to ongoing professional development.
2. Integrity and Honesty: Teachers must act with integrity and honesty in all their
professional dealings, ensuring transparency and fairness in their interactions with
students, parents, and colleagues.
3. Respect for Learners: Teachers are expected to treat all students with respect and
dignity, fostering a safe and supportive learning environment that promotes their well-
being and academic growth.Teachers have a duty to avoid causing physical, emotional,
or psychological harm to students. This includes refraining from any form of abuse,
bullying, or harassment.
4. Confidentiality: Teachers should respect the confidentiality of student information
and handle sensitive data with care, only disclosing information when necessary and
appropriate.
5. Fairness and Equity: Teachers must ensure fairness in their assessments, treatment
of students, and distribution of resources, avoiding discrimination and bias.
6. Professional Relationships: Teachers should maintain appropriate and professional
relationships with students, colleagues, and the wider community, avoiding any behavior

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that could be seen as exploitative or inappropriate. And also maintaining positively with
parents, open communication about students' progress and any issues that may arise.
7. Commitment to Student Welfare: Teachers have a duty to promote the best interests
and welfare of their students, addressing any concerns about their safety or well-being in
a responsible manner.

THE STATUS AND PROFESSION OF TEACHERS WORLD WIDE

The status and profession of teachers vary significantly around the world, influenced by
cultural, economic, and political factors. Understanding the status and profession of
teachers in a global context will help to highlight the diverse challenges and
opportunities faced by educators and inform efforts to improve education systems
globally.

Overview of the Status and Profession of Teachers in Different Regions: Global

Trends

1. Professional Recognition: In many countries, teaching is respected as a vital

profession crucial for societal development. However, the level of recognition and
respect can vary. In some regions, teachers are highly valued and enjoy significant social
prestige, while in others, their status may be lower.
2. Compensation: Teacher salaries vary widely. In high-income countries, teachers
generally earn competitive wages, whereas in low and middle-income countries, salaries
may be lower, sometimes leading to issues with recruitment and retention.
3. Work Conditions: Teachers' work conditions also differ. In developed countries,
teachers often have access to professional development opportunities, supportive
working environments, and reasonable class sizes. In contrast, teachers in less developed
regions may face overcrowded classrooms, limited resources, and insufficient support.
4. Professional Development: Ongoing professional development is increasingly
emphasized worldwide. Many countries invest in training and development programs to
enhance teaching quality and keep educators updated with the latest educational
practices.

Regional Perspectives

North America: In the United States and Canada, teaching is generally respected, but
there are concerns about teacher pay, job security, and working conditions. The focus is
also on ensuring teachers have access to professional development and resources.

Europe: Many European countries, such as Finland and Sweden, are known for high
standards in education and strong support for teachers. In contrast, some other European
countries face challenges related to teacher pay and working conditions.

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Asia: In countries like Japan and South Korea, teaching is a highly respected profession,
with rigorous selection processes and high expectations. However, in some other Asian
countries, teachers may face challenges related to low salaries and high workloads.

Africa: Teachers in many African countries often face challenges such as low salaries,
large class sizes, and limited resources. Efforts are ongoing to improve these conditions
and support teacher development.

Latin America: Teacher status and conditions vary widely. In some countries, there are
efforts to improve education quality and teacher salaries, while in others, teachers may
face significant challenges related to compensation and resources.

Challenges and Opportunities

1. Recruitment and Retention: Many regions face challenges in recruiting and

retaining qualified teachers, particularly in underserved areas. Improving salaries,
working conditions, and professional development opportunities can help address these
issues.
2. Technology Integration: The integration of technology in education is a growing
trend. Teachers are increasingly expected to incorporate digital tools and resources into
their teaching, which requires additional training and support.
3. Policy and Reform: Education policies and reforms can significantly impact the
status and profession of teachers. Advocacy for fair policies and investment in education
is crucial for improving teachers' working conditions and professional status.
4. Global Collaboration: There is an increasing focus on global collaboration and
sharing best practices in education. International organizations and networks work to
support teachers and improve educational outcomes worldwide.

TEACHERS REGISTRATION COUNCIL OF NIGERIA (TRCN)

The Teachers Registration Council of Nigeria (TRCN) is a government agency under the
Federal Ministry of Education, established by Decree 31 of 1993 (now referred to as the
TRCN Act CAP T3 of 2004), the TRCN was created to regulate the teaching profession
in all ramifications and ensure that only qualified individuals are certified to teach in
Nigeria.

Objectives and Responsibilities

The primary objectives of TRCN include:

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1. Teacher Registration: Ensuring that all individuals teaching in Nigerian schools are
properly trained, certified, and registered with TRCN. Registration requires meeting
certain qualifications, which include holding a National Certificate in Education (NCE),
Bachelor's degree in Education (B.Ed.), or equivalent recognized teaching
qualification.Promoting excellence in education through effective registration and
licensing of teachers.
2. Teacher Licensing: TRCN issues licenses to teachers who meet the necessary
requirements. This is akin to other professional bodies like law and medicine, where
practitioners must be licensed to practice
3. Professional Standards and Code of Conduct: The council is responsible for setting
professional standards for teachers and ensuring that teachers adhere to a strict code of
ethics.
4. Teacher Development and Training: TRCN plays a pivotal role in organizing
professional development of teachers through workshops, training programs, and
continued education
5. Enforcement of Standards: TRCN monitors and enforces compliance with teaching
standards in Nigerian schools. This includes disciplinary measures for teachers who
violate professional codes or standards.
6. Advocacy and Policy Development: TRCN collaborates with other governmental
and non-governmental agencies to advocate for policies that enhance the status and
welfare of teachers.

Qualification for Registration

To be registered as a professional teacher, candidates must possess at least:

1. Nigeria Certificate in Education (NCE) or equivalent qualifications

2. Degrees in Education (B.Sc Ed, B.Ed, M.Ed, Ph.D.)
3. Post Graduate Diploma in Education (PGDE) or Professional Diploma in Education
(PDE).

Professional Qualifying Examination (PQE)

Introduced in 2008, the PQE is mandatory for prospective registered teachers. The
examination assesses candidates’ knowledge and skills relevant to teaching.

Benefits of TRCN Registration

Registered teachers enjoy numerous benefits including:

1. Legal recognition and job security.

2. Access to professional development opportunities.
3. Enhanced status within the education sector.
4. Protection of public interest through adherence to professional standards.

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Relevance of TRCN Certificate
The TRCN certificate serves as a critical credential that distinguishes professionally
trained educators from unqualified individuals.

BUILDING THE EGO/IMAGE OF THE WOULD-BE TEACHERS

A teacher’s ego plays a crucial role in their effectiveness and overall well-being. A
healthy ego allows teachers to stay confident in their abilities while focusing on student
learning rather than seeking personal recognition. This balance is essential for fostering a
positive classroom. Teacher image/ego refers to the self-perception and confidence that
teachers have regarding their role in the classroom. It includes their beliefs about their
authority, knowledge, and ability to influence students’ learning experiences. Teachers’
image/ego need to be boosted. Negative perception about teachers ego / image can lead
to negative consequences in the educational environment.

Strategies for Boosting the Ego/Image of the Would-Be Teachers

Boosting the image and ego of future teachers in Nigeria involves a multi-faceted
approach that addresses both the perception of the teaching profession and the self-
esteem of individuals entering the field. Here are some strategies that can be effective:

1. Improve Professional Recognition-

i. Public Awareness Campaigns: Conduct campaigns to highlight the importance of

teaching and celebrate successful educators.
ii. Establish and promote awards for outstanding teachers and education leaders to
publicly recognize their contributions.

2. Enhance Teacher Training and Support

Quality Training Programs: Develop and maintain high standards for teacher training
programs that equip future teachers with the skills and knowledge needed to excel.

Mentorship and Support: Implement mentorship programs where experienced educators

guide and support new teachers. This can boost their confidence and professional
development.

2. Improve Working Conditions and Compensation- Advocate for better salary

structures and benefits for teachers like other professions’
3. Resource Allocation- Ensure schools are well-equipped with the necessary resources
and infrastructure to support effective teaching and learning.
4. Foster Professional Development- Provide opportunities for continuous
professional development to help teachers stay updated with the latest educational
practices and innovations.

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5. Build a Strong Professional Community- Encourage the formation of professional
networks and associations where teachers can share experiences, resources, and support
each other.
6. Collaborative Projects: Promote collaborative teaching projects and initiatives that
allow teachers to work together and build a sense of togetherness.
7. Education Policy Reforms: Advocate for education policy reforms that address
teachers’ concerns and elevate the status of the profession.
8. Government Support: Engage with government officials and policymakers to secure
support for initiatives that benefit teachers.
9. Promote Positive Media Stories: Work with media outlets to publish positive stories
about teachers and their impact on students and communities. And Encourage teachers to
share their successes and experiences on social media to build a positive image of the
profession.
10. Community Involvement: Foster strong relationships between schools and local
communities to build support for teachers and the education system. And Organize
community events that highlight the achievements of teachers and involve them in local
activities.
11. Personal Growth Opportunities: Encourage teachers to pursue personal interests
and passions that contribute to their professional growth and self-esteem.

By addressing these areas, it is possible to enhance both the image of the teaching
profession and the self-perception of future teachers in Nigeria, leading to a more
motivated and respected teaching workforce.

PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS IN TEACHING IN NIGERIA

Professional organizations in teaching play a crucial roles in enhancing the quality of

education and supporting teachers’ professional development in Nigeria. These
organizations advocate for teachers’ rights, provide platforms for collaboration, and
promote educational standards.

Types of Professional Organization in Teaching

Key Professional Organizations

1. Nigeria Union of Teachers (NUT)

Established: 1931

Purpose: The NUT is the primary trade union for teachers in Nigeria. It focuses on
advocating for teachers’ rights, improving working conditions, and promoting
professional development.

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Activities: Organizes conferences, workshops, and training sessions to enhance
teachers’ skills and knowledge.

2. Teacher Registration Council of Nigeria (TRCN)

Established: Under Decree 31 of 1993

Purpose: The TRCN regulates the teaching profession by determining who qualifies as
a teacher and maintaining a register of qualified teachers.

Activities: Sets standards for teacher education, conducts licensing examinations, and
promotes continuous professional development.

3. National Association of Unity Schools (NAUS)

Purpose: This organization represents teachers in unity schools across Nigeria, focusing
on improving educational standards and fostering collaboration among educators.

Activities: Engages in policy advocacy and provides support for curriculum

development specific to unity schools.

4. Subject-Based Associations

These associations focus on specific subject areas within the educational curriculum:

Science Teachers Association of Nigeria (STAN):

Promotes excellence in science education through workshops and resources.

Mathematical Association of Nigeria (MAN): Aims to improve mathematics teaching

methods and student performance.

Visual Art Teachers Association of Nigeria (VATAN): Supports art educators by

providing resources and organizing exhibitions.

Importance of Professional Organizations

Professional organizations are vital for:

1. Enhancing the status of teaching as a profession.

2. Providing networking opportunities for educators.
3. Facilitating continuous professional development through training programs.

Challenges Faced by Professional Organizations

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Despite their importance, these organizations face several challenges:

1. Fragmentation: The existence of multiple unions can lead to disunity among

teachers.
2. Recognition: Some organizations struggle for recognition from government bodies
which affects their influence on policy-making.
3. Resource Constraints: Limited funding hampers the ability to conduct extensive
training programs or advocacy campaigns for members.

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