Tutorial 1

Second order linear differential equations with variable coefficients, Method of variation of
parameters
Q1. Solve the following linear Differential Equation using operator method:
3sin x  4 cos x
1.  D 2  4 D  4  y  sin x [ Ans: y   c1  c2 x  e 2 x 
25
2. D 2

 4 y  5 x 2  sin 2 x [ Ans: y   C1 cos 2 x  C2 sin 2 x  
5
8
 
2x2 1 
x cos 2 x
4
]

x2
3.  D 2  3D  2 y  x  x 2  [Ans: y  c1e  x  c2e 2 x 
2
 x  1]

4. D 2

 D y  2 x  1  4 cos x  2e x [Ans: y  c1  c2 e  x  xe x  x 2  3x  2sin x  2 cos x ]

5.  
D 2  1 y  e x 1  x 
2 xe x
 3  3x  2 x 2  ]
[Ans: y  c1e x  c2e  x 
12
e2 x
6.  D 2  D  6  y  e 2 x sin 3x [Ans: y  c1e2 x  c2e 3 x   5cos 3x  3sin 3x  ]
102
Q.2 Solve by using method of undetermined coefficients:

1. D 2
 2 D  4  y  2 x 2  3e  x
2. D 2
 1 y  sin x
3. D 2
 1 y  2 cos x
4. D 2
 5 D  6  y  e3 x  sin x
d2y dy
5. 2
 2  3 y  x3  cos x
dx dx
2
d y dy
6. 2
 2  e x sin x
dx dx

Q3.Solve the following by method of variation of parameters :

1. (D2  1)y  tanx Ans. : y  C1 cos x  C2 sinx  cos x log(sec x  tanx)

2. (D2 + 1)y = cosec x cot x [Ans.: C1 sin x + C2cos x cos x log (sin x) cos x x sin x]
2
3.
d y
y
1
Ans. : y  C1 cos x  C2 sinx  1 x cos x  sinxlog(1 sinx)  sinx
dx 2 1  sin x
4. (D2  1)y  3x  8cot x Ans. : y  C1 cos x  C2 sinx  8sinxlog(cosec x  cot x)  3x 
2
5. (D2  1)y  [Ans.: y = C1ex + C2ex 1 + (ex ex) log (1 + ex) ]
1  ex
Tutorial 2
Cauchy-Euler equation; Power series solutions, Legendre polynomials
Q1. Solve the following linear Differential equation:
d2 y dy  5 1 2 1 1
1. x 2 2
 2x.  20y  (x  1)2  y  C1 x  C2 x  14 x  9 x  20 
4
dx dx
d2 y dy  4 C2 - 1 x 2 - 1 logx - 3  
2. x 2  2x.  4y  x 2  2log x  y = C1x + 
dx 2 dx  x 6 2  4  
 d2 y dy  x2 
3. x 2  3x  5y  x 2 sin(log x)  y  x C1 sin(log x)  C2 cos(log x)  log x cos(log x) 
2
dx 2 dx  2 
d2 y dy
4. x2 2
x  4y = cos {log (x)} + x sin {log (x)}
dx dx
  
x 1 
Ans. : y  x C1 cos( 3 log x)  C2 sin( 3 log x)  2 sin(log x)  13 [3 cos(log x)  2 sin(log x)]

d2 y dy   1  1 3
 x.  4y  x 3 Ans. : y  C1x  C2  2   5 x 
2
5. x 2
dx 2 dx  x  
Q2. Find the power series solution in powers of x of the differential equation
1. xy ' ( x  2) y  2 x2  2 x  0 Ans: y  2 x  c2 x 2 e x
 1   1 3 
2. y '' xy ' ( x2  2) y  0 Ans: y  c0 1  x 2  x 4  ......  c1  x  x 3  x 5  ......
 4   2 40 
11 1 11
3. ( x2 1) y '' 3xy ' xy  0 with y(0)  4, y '(0)  6 Ans: y  4  6 x  x3  x 4  x5 ....
3 2 4