UNISP6EMCi2.

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UNIDRIVE SP SIZE 6 and SPMA (90 to 132 kW)

ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY DATA

PRODUCT SP6401 - 6402, SP6601 – 6602, SPMA1401 – 1402, SPMA1601 - 16021

General note on EMC data

The information given in this data sheet is derived from tests and calculations on sample products. It is provided to
assist in the correct application of the product, and is believed to correctly reflect the behaviour of the product when
operated in accordance with the instructions. The provision of this data does not form part of any contract or
undertaking. Where a statement of conformity is made with a specific standard, the company takes all reasonable
measures to ensure that its products are in conformance. Where specific values are given these are subject to
normal engineering variations between samples of the same product. They may also be affected by the operating
environment and details of the installation arrangement

Note on Issue 2
A small error in the external choke values for the 400V models has been corrected

IMMUNITY
The drive complies with the following international and European harmonised standards for immunity:

Standard Type of Test specification Application Level

immunity
EN 61000-4-2 Electrostatic 6kV contact discharge Module Level 3
IEC 61000-4-2 discharge 8kV air discharge enclosure (industrial)
EN 61000-4-3 Radio frequency 80% AM (1kHz) modulation Module Level 3
IEC 61000-4-3 radiated field Levels prior to modulation: enclosure (industrial)
10V/m 80 - 1000MHz
3V/m 1.4 – 2.0GHz
1V/m 2.0 – 2.7GHz
EN 61000-4-4 Fast transient 5/50ns 2kV transient at Control lines Level 4
IEC 61000-4-4 burst 5kHz repetition frequency (industrial harsh)
via coupling clamp
5/50ns 2kV transient at Power lines Level 3
5kHz repetition frequency (industrial)
by direct injection
EN 61000-4-5 Surges Common mode 4kV AC supply lines: Level 4
IEC 61000-4-5 1.2/50µs waveshape line to earth
Differential mode 2kV AC supply lines: Level 3
line to line
Common mode 1kV Control lines1
EN 61000-4-6 Conducted radio 10V prior to modulation Control and Level 3
IEC 61000-4-6 frequency 0.15 - 80MHz power lines (industrial)
80% AM (1kHz) modulation
EN 61000-4-11 Voltage dips, All durations AC supply lines
IEC 61000-4-11 short interruptions
& variations
EN 61000-6-1 Generic immunity standard for the residential, Complies
IEC 61000-6-12 commercial and light - industrial environment
EN 61000-6-23 Generic immunity standard for the industrial Complies
IEC 61000-6-2 environment
EN 61800-3 Product standard for adjustable speed power Meets immunity requirements for first
IEC 61800-3 drive systems (immunity requirements) and second environments
1
Applies to ports where connections may exceed 30m length. Special provisions may be required in some cases –
see additional information below.
2
Supersedes EN 50082-1
3
Supersedes EN 50082-2

1
For EMC purposes the SPMA1XXX and SP6XXX are identical, SP6 references are used in this sheet
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Unless stated otherwise, immunity is achieved without any additional measures such as filters or suppressors. To
ensure correct operation the wiring guidelines specified in the User Guide must be carefully adhered to. All
inductive components such as relays, contactors, electromagnetic brakes etc. associated with the drive must be
fitted with appropriate suppression, otherwise the immunity capability of the drive may be exceeded.

ADDITIONAL TESTS OF SECURE DISABLE FUNCTION

The following increased test levels have been applied to verify the safety function of the Secure Disable function,
i.e. the drive remains disabled, although it might trip. This, together with the standard tests listed above, meets the
requirements for safety circuits of lifts as specified in EN 12016:2004.

Standard Type of Test specification Application

immunity
EN 61000-4-2 Electrostatic 15kV air discharge Module
IEC 61000-4-2 discharge enclosure1
EN 61000-4-3 Radio frequency 80% AM (1kHz) modulation Module
IEC 61000-4-3 radiated field Levels prior to modulation: enclosure
30V/m 166 - 1784MHz
10V/m 1.88 – 1.96GHz
EN 61000-4-5 Common mode 2kV Control lines2
IEC 61000-4-5 Series mode 1kV
1
Application through side vents might cause hardware damage
2
Port might be damaged by series-mode pulse, see following note regarding surge immunity of control circuits

Surge immunity of control circuits – long cables and connections outside a building
The input/output ports for the control circuits are designed for general use within machines and small systems
without any special precautions.
These circuits meet the requirements of EN 61000-6-2 (1kV surge) provided the 0V connection is not earthed, i.e.
in the common mode. Generally they cannot withstand the surge directly between the control lines and the 0V
connection, i.e. in the series mode.

The surge test simulates the effect of lightning or severe electrical faults in a physically extended electrical system,
where high differential transient voltages may appear between different points in the grounding system. This is a
particular risk where the circuits extend outside the protection of a building, or if the grounding system in a large
building is not well bonded.

In applications where control circuits may be exposed to high-energy voltage surges, some special measures may
be required to prevent malfunction or damage. As a general rule, if the circuits are to pass outside the building
where the drive is located, or if wiring runs within a building exceed 30m, some additional precautions are
advisable. One of the following techniques should be used:

1. Galvanic isolation, i.e. do not connect the control 0V terminal to ground. Avoid loops in the control wiring, i.e.
ensure every control wire is accompanied by its associated return (0V) wire.

2. Screened cable with additional power ground bonding. If isolation at one end is not acceptable, the cable
screen may be connected to ground at both ends, but in addition the ground conductors at both ends of the
cable must be bonded together by a power ground cable (equipotential bonding cable) with cross-sectional
area of at least 10mm2, or 10 times the area of the signal cable screen, or to suit the electrical safety
requirements of the plant. This ensures that fault or surge current passes mainly through the ground cable and
not in the signal cable screen. If the building or plant has a well-designed common bonded network this
precaution is not necessary.

3. Additional over-voltage suppression – for the analogue and digital inputs and outputs, a zener diode network or
a commercially available surge suppressor may be connected in parallel with the input circuit as shown in
Figures 1 and 2.
Signal from plant Signal to drive
+
30V zener diode
e.g. 2×BZW50-15

0V 0V

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Figure 1: surge suppression for digital and unipolar analogue inputs and outputs
Signal from plant Signal to drive

2 × 15V zener diode

e.g. 2×BZW50-15

0V 0V

Figure 2: surge suppression for bipolar analogue inputs and outputs

Surge suppression devices are available as rail-mounting modules, e.g. from Phoenix Contact GmbH:
Unipolar TT-UKK5-D/24 DC
Bipolar TT-UKK5-D/24 AC

These devices are not suitable for encoder signals or fast digital data networks because the capacitance of the
diodes adversely affects the signal. Most encoders have galvanic isolation of the signal circuit from the motor
frame, in which case no precautions are required. For data networks, follow the specific recommendations for the
particular network.

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EMISSION
Emission occurs over a wide range of frequencies. The effects are divided into three main categories:
− Low frequency effects, such as supply harmonics and notching.
− High frequency emission below 30MHz where emission is predominantly by conduction.
− High frequency emission above 30MHz where emission is predominantly by radiation.

SUPPLY VOLTAGE NOTCHING

Because of the use of uncontrolled input rectifiers the drives cause no significant notching of the supply voltage.

SUPPLY HARMONICS
The input current contains harmonics of the supply frequency. The harmonic current levels are affected to some
extent by the supply impedance (fault current level). The tables show the levels calculated with fault level of 10kA
and X/R=1 at 400V 50Hz. This would be typical of a light industrial installation. For installations where the fault
level is lower, so that the harmonic current is more critical, the harmonic current will also be lower than that shown.
The calculations have been verified by laboratory measurements on sample drives.
Note that the RMS current in these tables may differ from the maximum specified in the user guide, since the latter
is a worst-case value provided for safety reasons which takes account of permitted supply voltage imbalance. The
motor efficiency also affects the current, a standard Eff2 4-pole motor has been assumed.
For balanced sinusoidal supplies, all even and triplen harmonics are absent.
The supply voltage for the calculation was 400V 50Hz. The harmonic percentages do not change substantially for
other voltages and frequencies within the drive specification, and in particular they are very similar at 480V 60Hz
since the per-unit inductive reactances are unchanged.
The data is given for full and half load power. Note that it is power and not torque or motor current which governs
input current. For other loads in the range 50% to 100% of rating, linear interpolation of the harmonics as % of
fundamental input current gives an adequate estimate for most purposes.

400V drives
Model and duty SP6401 HD SP6401 HD SP6401 ND SP6401 ND SP6402 ND SP6402 ND
(H/N)
SP6402 HD SP6402 HD
Load power Full Half Full Half Full Half
I RMS (A) 166.7 90.6 197.8 108.3 232.9 127.6
I1 (A) 143.3 70.9 174.7 86.5 209.7 103.8
THD (%) 59.3 79.8 53.1 75.5 48.3 71.4
Power Factor 0.8467 0.7715 0.8693 0.7865 0.8859 0.8006
cosφ 0.9845 0.9870 0.9844 0.9853 0.9838 0.9836
Distortion Factor 0.8600 0.7816 0.8831 0.7982 0.9005 0.8139
Input power (kW) 97.8 48.4 119.2 59.0 142.9 70.8
Harmonic order: % of fundamental (I1)
5 52.69 66.61 48.12 63.99 44.47 61.35
7 25.84 42.33 20.95 38.62 17.09 35.12
11 5.94 7.50 6.13 6.07 6.19 5.53
13 4.78 6.51 3.73 6.71 3.00 6.68
17 2.72 4.26 2.82 3.25 2.82 2.57
19 1.89 2.53 1.52 2.51 1.40 2.65
23 1.61 2.56 1.65 2.06 1.57 1.58
25 0.98 1.67 0.91 1.36 0.96 1.36
29 1.10 1.54 1.07 1.37 0.97 1.07
31 0.64 1.26 0.66 0.95 0.72 0.87
35 0.75 0.95 0.72 0.95 0.61 0.76
37 0.49 0.95 0.53 0.73 0.56 0.57
41 0.59 0.60 0.50 0.66 0.39 0.59
43 0.36 0.67 0.43 0.60 0.43 0.45
47 0.43 0.46 0.36 0.46 0.28 0.43
49 0.33 0.46 0.35 0.46 0.30 0.34

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600V drives
Model and duty SP6601 HD SP6601 HD SP6601 ND SP6601 ND SP6602 ND SP6602 ND
(H/N)
SP6602 HD SP6602 HD
Load power Full Half Full Half Full Half
I RMS (A) 90.2 48.9 108.8 57.6 129.7 67.5
I1 (A) 82.8 41.1 101.2 50.1 122.0 60.0
THD (%) 43.4 64.4 39.4 57.0 36.2 51.3
Power Factor 0.9008 0.8251 0.9122 0.8536 0.9201 0.8743
cosφ 0.9819 0.9813 0.9805 0.9825 0.9785 0.9828
Distortion Factor 0.9174 0.8409 0.9304 0.8688 0.9402 0.8896
Input power (kW) 56.3 28.0 68.8 34.1 82.7 40.9
Harmonic order: % of fundamental (I1)
5 40.03 55.86 36.81 50.43 34.12 46.18
7 14.10 30.04 11.21 24.50 9.16 20.18
11 7.10 7.27 6.78 7.35 6.37 7.35
13 3.12 6.33 2.93 5.06 2.95 4.11
17 3.15 3.27 2.86 3.36 2.51 3.36
19 1.71 2.59 1.78 2.06 1.80 1.80
23 1.66 1.93 1.39 1.98 1.12 1.93
25 1.21 1.34 1.21 1.14 1.12 1.11
29 0.96 1.31 0.73 1.32 0.60 1.26
31 0.85 0.86 0.78 0.78 0.65 0.80
35 0.58 0.91 0.48 0.91 0.48 0.82
37 0.62 0.59 0.48 0.60 0.38 0.66
41 0.36 0.73 0.38 0.68 0.41 0.57
43 0.44 0.43 0.33 0.47 0.29 0.50
47 0.30 0.53 0.31 0.50 0.29 0.41
49 0.28 0.38 0.25 0.40 0.28 0.41

Input line reactors (line chokes)

Where necessary, a reduction in harmonic current levels can be obtained by fitting reactors (chokes) in the input
supply lines to the drive. This also gives increased immunity from supply disturbances such as voltage surges
caused by the switching of high-current loads or power-factor correction capacitors on the same supply circuit. The
following table shows the corresponding harmonics where reactors are fitted in the supply lines, chosen to enable
the following limits to be met at full load:
IEC 61000-3-4 Table 3 RSCE≥350
IEC 61000-3-12 Table 4 RSCE≥120
(The scope of IEC 61000-3-12 is limited to equipment rated at ≤75A)

In the 400V drives the reactors cause a reduction of about 2.9% in the d.c. link voltage, which will normally still
permit the full rated torque to be developed in a standard motor. Higher values should only be used if some
reduction of available torque at maximum speed is acceptable. Reactor values should have a tolerance of –10%
+20%, their current ratings must be at least equal to the RMS values shown, and peak current rating (to avoid
magnetic saturation) should be twice that value.
In the 600V drives, a reactor is only required for the SP6601/SPMA1601 in Heavy Duty loading.

400V drives
Model and duty SP6401 HD SP6401 HD SP6401 ND SP6401 ND SP6402 ND SP6402 ND
(H/N)
SP6402 HD SP6402 HD
Load power Full Half Full Half Full Half
Choke (µH) 87 67 40
I RMS (A) 155.3 82.9 189.4 100.6 226.5 120.0
I1 (A) 143.6 71.1 175.5 86.7 210.3 104.0
THD (%) 41.1 60.0 40.5 58.8 40.0 57.6
Power Factor 0.9069 0.8423 0.9086 0.8470 0.9103 0.8520
cosφ 0.9806 0.9823 0.9804 0.9827 0.9803 0.9832
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Distortion Factor 0.9248 0.8575 0.9268 0.8619 0.9286 0.8666
Input power (kW) 97.6 48.4 119.2 59.0 142.9 70.8
Harmonic order: % of fundamental (I1)
5 38.35 52.75 37.95 52.00 37.58 51.16
7 12.26 26.68 11.66 25.74 11.07 24.71
11 6.76 7.06 6.56 6.86 6.36 6.67
13 2.88 5.43 2.77 5.12 2.67 4.80
17 2.91 3.22 2.79 3.13 2.68 3.05
19 1.71 2.18 1.68 2.06 1.64 1.93
23 1.47 1.90 1.37 1.85 1.28 1.80
25 1.18 1.17 1.16 1.10 1.14 1.04
29 0.79 1.27 0.73 1.24 0.67 1.21
31 0.81 0.76 0.76 0.73 0.72 0.70
35 0.48 0.90 0.46 0.86 0.46 0.83
37 0.53 0.56 0.48 0.55 0.43 0.55
41 0.35 0.67 0.35 0.66 0.36 0.63
43 0.35 0.44 0.32 0.42 0.30 0.41
47 0.31 0.51 0.30 0.49 0.28 0.46
49 0.24 0.37 0.24 0.37 0.25 0.37

600V drives
Model and duty SP6601 HD SP6601 HD
(H/N)
Load power Full Half
Choke (µH) 100
I RMS (A) 89.1 47.3
I1 (A) 82.9 41.1
THD (%) 39.4 57.1
Power Factor 0.9119 0.8530
cosφ 0.9803 0.9822
Distortion Factor 0.9302 0.8685
Input power (kW) 56.3 28.0
Harmonic order: % of fundamental (I1)
5 36.76 50.40
7 11.41 24.64
11 6.91 7.53
13 3.00 5.16
17 2.94 3.44
19 1.81 2.11
23 1.43 2.03
25 1.25 1.17
29 0.76 1.35
31 0.80 0.79
35 0.49 0.94
37 0.50 0.61
41 0.38 0.69
43 0.35 0.48
47 0.31 0.51
49 0.26 0.41

Further measures for reducing harmonics

It is unusual for harmonics to pose a problem unless a substantial part (e.g. over 50%) of the supply system
capacity is accounted for by drives or other power electronic loads.

Note that the input current of the drive, including the harmonic content, is determined by the output power, i.e. the
product of torque and speed. For a system of drives it is often the case that there is diversity of loading, i.e. the
drives never deliver full rated power simultaneously. This should be allowed for in estimating the total harmonic
current.

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If the harmonic current is excessive, possible remedial measures are:

− 12-pulse rectifier (or higher pulse number if needed)
− Quasi-12-pulse operation (some drives on a separate supply with 30° phase shift)
− Series input filter (dedicated to one or more drives)
− Active input stage (regenerative Unidrive)
− Parallel harmonic filter (for the complete installation, not for individual loads)

12-pulse operation
For 12-pulse operation, the internal rectifier may be used as one of the required two 6-pulse rectifier groups. The
second group can be formed from an external rectifier type SPMC1401, which has internal capacitor inrush current
control, or SPMU1401, in which case separate inrush control must be provided.

The internal rectifier has input reactors. The external rectifier must be provided with an input reactor of the same
value, in order to ensure current balance between the groups. The required reactor values are given here:

Drive Inductance (µH) Minimum current rating (A)

6401/MA1401 HD 54 83
6401/MA1401 ND & 6402/MA1402 HD 54 102
6402/MA1402 ND 54 115
6601/MA1601 HD 313 45
6601/MA1601 ND & 6602/MA1602 HD 313 56
6602/MA1602 ND 313 64

Further guidance on harmonic reduction techniques is given in the Control Techniques Application Notes for
Unidrive SP. Note that when using an external 6-pulse rectifier unit it is not possible to include interbridge reactors.
These are not required when using a fully-wound loosely-coupled transformer. They may be required with some
designs of polygonal transformer and auto transformer – the transformer supplier must be consulted. In this case a
separate 12-pulse rectifier type SPMC2401 must be used.

SP6402 Normal Duty 12-pulse

Load power Full Half
I RMS (A) 218.8 111.9
I1 (A) 218.5 111.6
THD (%) 5.9 6.5
Power Factor 0.9323 0.9062
cosφ 0.9339 0.9081
Distortion Factor 0.9983 0.9979
Harmonic order: % of fundamental (I1)
5 0.02 0.00
7 0.02 0.00
11 4.95 4.90
13 2.71 3.88
17 0.02 0.00
19 0.01 0.00
23 1.10 1.39
25 0.95 1.01
29 0.02 0.00
31 0.02 0.00
35 0.40 0.65
37 0.37 0.51
41 0.02 0.00
43 0.02 0.00
47 0.27 0.36
49 0.22 0.32

The table shows calculated harmonic levels for a 12-pulse system using a dedicated transformer which is fully
loaded. The theoretical worst-case values of the 11th and 13th harmonics are 9.1% and 7.7% respectively. These
are much reduced in practice because of the transformer leakage inductance. If the transformer is not fully loaded

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by the drive then its reactance will be proportionately less effective and these harmonics will increase but they will
not exceed the values shown for 6-pulse operation.
With such low levels of inherent harmonics, the effects of imperfections can be significant. It is recommended that
allowance be made for the possible existence of 5th and 7th harmonics at about 5%, caused by imperfect balance
between the 6-pulse groups, and of 3rd harmonic at about 5% caused by unbalance between supply phases.

Approved input filters

Some special series-connected harmonic filters are offered for use specifically with variable speed a.c. drives.
Although these can be effective, some designs can seriously disturb the operation of the drive inrush current
control system. Some designs can cause substantial reductions in d.c. bus voltage. Please consult the drive
supplier before considering the use of such a filter.

Regenerative Unidrive
Regenerative operation is also referred to as “Active Front End”. The diode rectifier at the input is replaced by an
active converter which generates a sinusoidal back-e.m.f. which does not contain harmonics, although it may
absorb harmonic current from a distorted supply. Please refer to the separately available user guide and EMC data
sheet for regenerative operation of Unidrive SP.

Parallel filters
These filters are applied to complete installations, or complete LV power systems. Although they can be effective,
they present difficulties with a.c. voltage-source drives because filters have a leading power factor whilst the drives
have virtually unity displacement factor, so the system has a surplus of VAr. Also, parallel filters must be rated to
manage harmonics which they absorb from a distorted supply. An experienced supplier must be consulted before
specifying such a filter.

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CONDUCTED RADIO FREQUENCY EMISSION

Radio frequency emission in the range from 150kHz to 30MHz is generated by the switching action of the main
power devices (IGBTs) and is mainly conducted out of the equipment through electrical power wiring. It is
essential for compliance with the emission standards that the recommended filter and a shielded (screened) motor
cable should be used. Most types of cable can be used provided it has an overall screen, which is continuous for
its entire length. For example the screen formed by the armouring of steel wire armoured cable is acceptable. The
capacitance of the cable forms a load on the drive and filter, and should be kept to a minimum. Compliance tests
were done with cable having a capacitance between the three power cores and the screen of 412pF per metre
(measured at 1kHz), which is typical of steel wire armoured cable. In addition to motor cable length, conducted
emission will also vary with drive switching frequency: selecting the lowest switching frequency will produce the
lowest level of emission. In order to meet the stated standards the drive, filter and motor cable must be installed
correctly. Wiring guidelines are given later.

The drive contains a cost-effective internal input filter which gives a reduction of about 30dB in the level of emission
at the supply terminals. Unlike a conventional filter, the internal filter continues to provide this attenuation with a
long motor cable. For practical purposes, this filter in conjunction with a screened motor cable is sufficient to
prevent the drive from causing interference to most good-quality industrial equipment. It is recommended that the
filter be used in any situation unless the earth leakage current , which is up to 56mA, is unacceptable. The User
Guide gives instructions on how to remove and replace it.

For applications where there are stricter requirements for radio frequency emission, e.g. to the generic standards
EN 61000-6-4 etc. or unrestricted distribution in EN 61800-3, the optional external filter must be used.

The tables summarise the performance of all filters.

SP6401, 6402 (400V supply):

Motor cable Switching frequency (kHz)
length (m)
3 4 6
Using internal filter:
0 - 100 E2U E2U E2U
100 – max* E2R E2R E2R
Using external filter:
0 – 100 I I I
* See user guide for maximum permitted length

SP6601, 6602 (690V supply):

Motor cable Switching frequency (kHz)
length (m)
3 4 6
Using internal filter:
0 - 100 E2U E2U E2U
100 – max* E2R E2R E2R
Using external filter:
0 - 25 I I I
0 – 100 I Do not use

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Key to table
The requirements are listed in descending order of severity, so that if a particular requirement is met then all
requirements listed after it are also met.
Code Standard Description Frequency Limits Application
range
I EN 61000-6-4 Industrial: 0.15 – 0.5MHz 79dBµV quasi AC supply
IEC 61000-6-4 Generic emission peak lines
EN 50081-2 standard for the 66dBµV average
industrial 0.5 –30MHz 73dBµV quasi
environment peak
60dBµV average
EN 61800-3 Product standard for - Requirements for the first environment1: restricted
IEC 61800-3 adjustable speed distribution2
power drive systems
E2U EN 61800-3 Product standard for - Requirements for the second environment:
IEC 61800-3 adjustable speed unrestricted distribution
power drive systems
E2R EN 61800-3 Product standard for - Requirements for the second environment:
IEC 61800-3 adjustable speed restricted distribution
power drive systems
1
The first environment is one where the low voltage supply network also supplies domestic
premises
2
When distribution is restricted, drives are available only to installers with EMC competence

- Caution -
This caution applies where the drive is used in the first environment with restricted distribution according to EN
61800-3.
This is a product of the restricted distribution class according to IEC 61800-3. In a domestic environment this
product may cause radio interference in which case the user may be required to take adequate measures.

Note
Operation without a filter is a practical cost-effective possibility in an industrial installation where existing levels of
electrical noise are likely to be high, and any electronic equipment in operation has been designed for such an
environment. This is in accordance with EN 61800-3 in the second environment, with restricted distribution. There
is some risk of disturbance to other equipment, and in this case the user and supplier of the drive system must
jointly take responsibility for correcting any problem which occurs.

IEC 61800-3:2004 and EN 61800-3:2004

The 2004 revision of the standard uses different terminology to align the requirements of the standard better with
the EC EMC Directive.
Power drive systems are categorised C1 to C4:
Category Definition Corresponding
code used above
C1 intended for use in the first or second environments R (not available)
C2 not a plug-in or movable device, and intended for use in the first environment I
only when installed by a professional, or in the second environment
C3 intended for use in the second environment, not the first environment E2U
C4 rated at over 1000V or over 400A, intended for use in complex systems in the E2R
second environment

Note that category 4 is more restrictive than E2R, since the rated current of the PDS must exceed 400A or the
supply voltage exceed 1000V, for the complete PDS.

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Recommended filters
Control Techniques part number
Drive Manufacturer Schaffner Manufacturer Epcos
6401 - 6402 4200-6603 4200-6601
6601 - 6602 4200-6604 4200-6602

- WARNING -
These filters and the internal filter have earth leakage current exceeding 3.5mA. A permanent fixed earth
connection with cross-section exceeding 10mm2 is necessary to avoid electrical shock hazard.

Example conducted emission test data

The conducted emission from a SP6402 operating with filter part number 4200-6603, at 6kHz switching frequency
with 100m motor cable, which is the worst case tested, is shown in the emission plot in Figure 10.

Note on ungrounded supply systems (IT systems)

Care is needed when using inverter drives with RFI filters on ungrounded supply systems. The recommended
filters are designed to operate safely with an earth fault on the supply. However damage could occur to the filter if
an earth fault occurs in the driven motor, as the drive might not trip, and excessive high-frequency current could
flow into the filter. Observe the following caution:

- Caution -
Neither the internal nor external filters must be used with an IT supply unless an earth leakage relay is fitted at the
drive output, arranged to trip the drive in the event of excessive earth leakage current caused by a motor earth
fault. Typical relay setting is 150mA.

Note on shared external filters for multiple drives

When more than one drive is used in the same enclosure, some cost saving is possible by sharing a single filter of
suitable current rating between several drives. Tests have shown that combinations of drives with a single filter are
able to meet the same emission standard as a single drive, provided that all filters and drives are mounted on the
same metal plate. Because of the unpredictable effect of the additional wiring and the need for separate fuses for
the drives on the drive side of the filter, this arrangement is not recommended where strict compliance with a
specific standard is required, unless emission tests can be carried out.

Related product standards

The conducted emission levels specified in the generic emission standards are equivalent to the levels required by
the following product specific standards:

Conducted emission from 150kHz to 30MHz

Generic standard Product standard
EN 61000-6-4 EN 55011 Class A Group 1 Industrial, scientific and medical
EN 50081-2 CISPR 11 Class A Group 1 equipment
EN 55022 Class A Information technology
CISPR 22 Class A equipment

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RADIATED EMISSION
When installed in a standard metal enclosure according to the wiring guidelines, the drive will meet the radiated
emission limits required by the power drive systems standard EN 61800-3 for the second environment.

Important note
Compliance was achieved in tests using representative enclosures and following the guidelines given. No special
EMC techniques were used beyond those described here. Every effort was made to ensure that the arrangements
were robust enough to be effective despite the normal variations which will occur in practical installations.
However no warranty is given that installations built according to these guidelines will necessarily meet the same
emission limits.

The limits for emission required by the generic emission standards are summarised in the following table:

Radiated emission from 30 to 1000MHz

Standard Applicati Frequency Limits Comments
on range
EN 61000- Enclosure 30 - 230MHz 30dBµV/m quasi
6-3 peak at 10m
230 - 37dBµV/m quasi
1000MHz peak at 10m
EN 61000- Enclosure 30 - 230MHz 40dBµV/m quasi Standard specifies limits of 30 and
6-4 peak at 10m 37dBµV/m respectively at a measuring
230 - 47dBµV/m quasi distance of 30m; emission may be measured
1000MHz peak at 10m at 10m if limits are increased by 10dB

EN 61800-3 (IEC 61800-3) requires the following, in order of increasing emission level:
As EN 61000-6-3 First environment - unrestricted distribution
As EN 61000-6-4 First environment - restricted distribution
30 – 230MHz 40dBµV/m at 30m Second environment – unrestricted distribution
230 – 1000MHz 50dBµV/m at 30m

Test Data
The test data is based on radiated emission measurements made in a standard steel enclosure containing a single
SP6402 drive, in a calibrated open area test site. Details of the test arrangement are described:

A standard Rittall steel enclosure was used having dimensions 1900mm (high) × 600mm (wide) × 500mm
(deep). Two ventilation grilles, both 200mm square, were provided on the upper and lower faces of the door.
No special EMC features were incorporated.

The drive and recommended RFI input filter were fitted to the internal back-plate of the enclosure, the filter
casing making electrical contact with the back-plate by the fixing screws. Standard unscreened power cable
was used to connect the cubicle to the supply.

A standard 22kW AC induction motor was connected by 3m of shielded cable (steel braided - type SY) and
mounted externally. The cable screen was clamped directly to the back-plate near the drive, and connected
to the motor frame by a pig-tail approximately 50mm long. In order to allow for realistic imperfections in the
installation, the motor cable was interrupted by a DIN rail terminal block mounted in the enclosure. The
screen pigtails (50mm long) were connected to the back plate through an earthed DIN rail terminal block.
The motor cable screen was not bonded to the enclosure wall at the point of entry.

A 2m screened control cable was connected to the drive control terminals, and its screen clamped to the
drive EMC grounding bracket as recommended in the user guide, but the screen was not allowed to contact
the cubicle wall.

The drive was operated at 3Hz, with a switching frequency of 6kHz which is the worst case for RF emission.

No additional EMC preventative measures were taken, e.g. RFI gaskets around the cubicle doors.

The following table summarises the results for radiated emission, showing the six highest measurements over the
frequency range 30 to 1000 MHz:

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Frequency Emission Level required by standard EN

MHz dBµV/m 61800-3 *
51.75 41.8 50
51.95 41.6 50
51.1 41.6 50
51.4 41.5 50
52.1 41.0 50
52.2 40.5 50
nd
*for 2 environment/unrestricted (category C3) at 10m measuring distance

The results show that the limit for the standard is met with a margin of at least 8.2dB.
The limit for EN 61800-3 (IEC 61800-3) is met for the second environment without restriction.

Enclosure construction
For most installations the enclosure will have a back-plate which will be used to mount variable speed drive
modules, RFI filters and ancillary equipment. This back-plate can be used as the EMC earth plane, so that all metal
parts of these items and cable screens are fixed directly to it. Its surface should have a conductive protective
surface treatment such as zinc plate. If it is painted then paint will have to be removed at the points of contact to
ensure a low-inductance earth connection which is effective at high frequency.

The motor cable screen must be clamped directly to the back-plate. It may also be bonded at the point of exit from
the enclosure, through the normal gland fixings.

Depending on construction, the enclosure wall used for cable entry might have separate panels and have a poor
connection with the remaining structure at high frequencies. If the motor cable is only bonded to these surfaces
and not to a back-plate, then the enclosure may provide insufficient attenuation of RF emission. It is the bonding to
a common metal plate which minimises radiated emission. There is no need for a special EMC enclosure with
gaskets etc. In the tests described, opening the cubicle door had little effect on the emission level, showing that
the enclosure itself does not provide significant screening.

WIRING GUIDELINES
The wiring guidelines on the following pages should be observed to achieve minimum radio frequency emission.
The details of individual installations may vary, but aspects which are indicated in the guidelines as important for
EMC must be adhered to closely.
The guidelines do not preclude the application of more extensive measures which may be preferred by some
installers. For example, the use of full 360° ground terminations on shielded cables in the place of ‘pig-tail’ ground
connections is beneficial, but is not necessary unless specifically stated in the instructions.

1. The drive and filter must be mounted on the same metal back-plate, and their mounting surfaces must make a
good direct electrical connection to it. The use of a plain metal back-plate (eg galvanised not painted) is
beneficial for ensuring this without having to scrape off paint and other insulating finishes.

2. The filter must be mounted above and close to the drive but allowing a space as advised in the user guide, to
allow free exit of cooling air from the drive.

3. A shielded (screened) or steel wire armoured cable must be used to connect the drive to the motor. The shield
must be fixed in direct contact with the metal back-plate of the panel by a suitable clamp.

4. The AC supply connections must be kept at least 4in (100mm) from the drive, motor cable and braking resistor
cable.

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100mm (4in)

100mm
(4in)

100mm (4in)

Figure 3: Grounding the drive, filter and motor cable screen: input wiring spacing

5. Connect the shield of the motor cable to the ground terminal of the motor frame using a link that is as short as
possible and not exceeding 50mm (2 in) in length. A full 360° termination of the shield to the motor terminal
housing (if metal) is beneficial.

Figure 4: Connecting the motor cable shield at the motor

6. If an additional safety earth wire is required for the motor, it can either be carried inside or outside the motor
cable shield. If it is carried inside then it must be terminated at both ends as close as possible to the point
where the screen is terminated. It must always return to the drive and not to any other earth circuit.

7. Wiring to the braking resistor should be shielded. The shield must be bonded to the back-plate using an
uninsulated metal cable-clamp. It need only be connected at the drive end.
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8. If the braking resistor is outside the enclosure then it should be surrounded by an earthed metal shield.

Enclosure Enclosure

OR

+DC BR +DC BR

Optional external
braking resistor

Optional external
braking resistor

Figure 5: Screening of braking circuit

9. Signal and control wiring must be kept at least 12in (300mm) from the drive and motor cable.

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≥300mm
(12in)

Sensitive
signal
cable

Figure 6: Signal wiring spacing

10. The control wiring “0V” connection should be earthed at one point only, preferably at the controller and not at a
drive.

Variations to wiring guidelines

− Output ferrite ring

If a ferrite ring is to be used to further reduce conducted emission, it should be mounted close to the drive, and the
output power conductors (U,V,W but not E) should be passed through the central aperture, all together in the same
direction.

− If drive control wiring leaves the enclosure

This includes all control, encoder and option module wiring but not the status relay circuit or the serial port. One of
the following additional measures must be taken:

• Use shielded cables (one overall shield or separate shielded cables) and clamp the shield(s) to the grounding
bracket provided, as shown in Figure 7.

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Figure 7: Earthing of signal cable screens using the grounding bracket

or:

• Pass the control wires through a ferrite ring part number 3225-1004. More than one cable can pass through a
ring. Ensure the length of cable between the ring and drive does not exceed 125mm (5in).

− Interruptions to the motor cable

The motor cable should ideally be a single run of shielded cable having no interruptions. In some situations it may
be necessary to interrupt the cable, for example to connect the motor cable to a terminal block within the drive
enclosure, or to fit an isolator switch to allow safe working on the motor. In these cases the following guidelines
should be observed. The most important factor is always to minimise the inductance of the connection between the
cable shields.

− Terminal block within enclosure

The motor cable shields should be bonded to the back-plate using uninsulated cable-clamps which should be
positioned as close as possible to the terminal block. Keep the length of power conductors to a minimum and
ensure that all sensitive equipment and circuits are at least 0.3m (12 in) away from the terminal block.

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From the Drive

Back-plate

Enclosure

To the motor

Figure 8: Connecting the motor cable to a terminal block in the enclosure

− Using a motor isolator switch

The motor cable shields should be connected by a very short conductor having a low inductance. The use of a flat
metal bar is recommended; conventional wire is not suitable. The shields should be bonded directly to the coupling
bar using uninsulated metal cable-clamps. Keep the length of power conductors to a minimum and ensure that all
sensitive equipment and circuits are at least 0.3m (12 in) away. The coupling bar may be grounded to a known low
impedance ground nearby, for example a large metallic structure which is connected closely to the drive ground.

Isolator

From the To the

Drive motor
Coupling bar
(If required)

Figure 9: Connecting the motor cable to an isolating switch

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Figure 10: Example conducted emission plot (SP6402, 100m cable, 6kHz switching frequency)

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