values of (Gi) cos' cos (CBSE 2011

Find the principal

Example 3.

(CBSE 2013)
(o)cose coser
(iv) tan tan
,
SS
7
Solution.() Let sin' sin
21
sin ax s i n s i n - s i n

sinsin
0 Sx S r
() Let cos-1 cos | = x,

Cos=cos2+= cos
cos = 6

* cos- cos

(i) Let cos cos|=x,0SrST

cos 2- cos 51
cos r = coS

(ir) Let tan tan -ex<

tan x =
tan
tn +tan
x ta tan
() Let cosec-i cosec X sxsxz0
cosecx =cosec 137 cosec 2+ coseecosec T+
4

- cosec cosec

I= - cosec cosec

Example4. Ecaluate: sincof cot

Solution. Let cot cot z,0<r <r

cot x = cot
= cot 5 cot x=
cor co sinsin z-sin
INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS

Example 5. Using principal values, evaluate the following: (CBSE 2011)

o cs sin'sin
=x, 0 s x s T
Solution. Let cos- cos
cos
COS = *-

Letsin sin5=ysys
sin y = sin sin y = sin |: sin y -
T.

coscos+sin sinx+y=
Example 6. Find the
domain of the following functions(ii) cosec3 2x).
(i) cos- (3x -

2)
( sin x + sin x
R and domain of sin1
x [-1, 1. =

Solution. (i) Domain

of sin x =

RO-1, 1] [-1, 1) =

Domain of sin x + sin-l x

=
.
-2 S1
For the domain of
cos-1 (3x 2), -1 s 3x -

(i1)
sxs1
1 s 3rs3
Domain of cos-l (3x -

2) is

of cosec-1 (3 2x), 13 -

2x l 21
(iii) For the domain
21
3 2x - 1 or 3 -2x 1.
-2x 2 - 2 * 2 2 or x S
-2x -4 or
is (-o, 1] U [2, co).
D o m a i n of cosec-1 (3
2x)
the values of:
principal values, find
Example 7. Using
(ii) tanl (1) + cos si(-
ser(-2) (CBSE 2012)
()tar 3-
Solution. () Let tan-l 3 =x, - <r<

X=
tanx =v3 =tan
sy[t,y*
Let sec-l -2) =y, 0

secy=-2 sese sec y-

tan ser(-2) =

x -y =

*=
tan
tan x =1
=

(i)Let tan (1) =x, - <x<

Let cosl -».0sySr

-y=

cos y =
-

; =-coscos n-cos
Let sin =z- szs
sin z =
sin (-)=zr-
 $2 MATHEMATICS XII
T27
tan '(1) t cos
| sin2- X+yt 2
4 3 6

. (3+8-2)
- 3
12

Example 8. Evaluate: sin sin (CBSE 2011)

Solution. Let sin

sinx =- sin = sin

x- sin ()--

sin
5-i sin sin sin=1.
Example 9. ) If tar =x, fnd the value of cos x.

(i) If cot-l = x, find the values of sin x and cos x.

(in) Evaluate:sin sec1

Solution. ) Given tan-1=x tan x = x
For these values of x, sec x is +ve.

sec x = 1 + tan2 x
-G- cos X=
(i) Given cot- =xcot x - ,0<x<T. =

For these values of x, cosec x is +ve.

cosecx= 1+cot2 xx=.

sin x = 5
26
Also 5
sin sin
cos x =
x cot x.sin
:
=
x =
-

) Let sec- 15x, 0SrSm,x*

s e c x = 17 15
COsx =7,0Sx ST,x *

For these values of x, sin 2 0.

sin x =
vi-cos? x 1 - - 289 2257 8

sin sec-1= sin x =

INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS 83

Example 10. Evaluate the folloroing:

(0sin2si1 (CBSE2013) ( sin (208) (i)sin 2co Exeplan

solution. () Let sin , - srs z sin r = 2 sxs 2

For these values of x, cos x 2 0.

cosX
v1-sin?r =
,

sin 2sin" = sin 2r 2 sin x cos x = 2.

(i) Let cos = x, 0Sxst cos x =-,0SxSn.

For this value of x, sin x 2 0,

sin x=v1-cos*x =,
sin 2 c o s - s s i n 2x = 2 sin x cos x = 2

(ii) Let cot-1 -z0<r <Tt> cot x = - 0 < x <T.

12
For these values of x, cosecx> 0.

cosec x =
1+ cot x =
sin x= 13
COS . Sin x = Cot x.sin x :
Now COS*Sin x

s i n 2x = 2 sin x cos x

=2 120
- - 169

Example 11. Evaluate the following

(CBSE 2013) G tan cos-
tan(sir
Solution. )sin x =sin=2x,-2 s
Let

sin 2x - s x s
+3 0
2 tan x
tan2 x - 10 tan x
=
3
1+ tanx

(tan r -

3) (3 tan x - 1) = 0 tan x =
3, 3
tanx= -sxss -1Stanx s1
sin =tanx
84
MATHEMATICS XIXI
5
(17) Let Os
cos = 2, 0s 21 STi.e. 0 sx S

cos 2x = 0sS, 1-tan x 5

3 1 tan
tanx 3- V5
+ 5tan r 3 -3 tan? x=
(3+ V5) =

tan x = 3- 5 tan x = 3-5

V3+ V5
(: for 0 sxs tan
x20
3tV5
tan X 3-V53- V5 3 5
3+ 5 3-V5 2

tan cos -3-5

EXERCISE 2.1
Very short answerlobjective questions (1 to 11):
Find the
principal values of the following (1 to 6)
1. (sin
(cos (ii) tan (5).
2 () sec (Gi) cot (3) (i) cosecl (2)
3. c o s - i
i) tan'(-1)
(in) cosec-(-2)
(CBSE 2011)
4cor
Gsee (ii) sin'(-1).
5. (coscos
(Gi) sin" sin
(ii) tan tan
6. ) cos cos (CBSE 2011)
(i) tan tan
(Gii) sec-1 sec .
7. Show that: (CBSE 2013)
) tan' tan what is its value?
c) cos cos what is its
value?
(Gii) sin- sin
3 What is its value?
Find the domain of the
8.
following functions
() sin' (1 x) -

(i) secl (2x 3) -

gWrite the range of one branch (ii) sin' 2x

10
Write the range of one
of sin"
x, other
+
cos x.
branch than the
other than the principal branch.
of
cos x,
11. If
cot x, find the value of principal branch.
cos x.
INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONSs
85
Short answer questions (12 to 19).
'
12. () If tan , find the values of cos and sin x.
(i) If cot , , find the values of sin x and cos r

(in) If tanr = sin-' |$|. find the value of x.

13. Evaluate the following
) cot (tan 3) (i) sinin|6 -sin

(i) cos (Exemplar)

14. Prove the following
) sin Gi) tan (-1) +cos 2

15. Using principal values, find the values of:

(i) tan (v3) - coti (- v3)
co-2 si (CBSE 2018, 13)
(CBSE 2012)
(in tan' (1) + cos1 (iv) cosec-1) + cotr1
(CBSE 2013)
16. Find the values of the following:

( tan 2cos 2sin tar 2sim 2c081 (CBSE 2013)

(iv) cot (sin' (cos (tan-l 1) (Exemplar)

(Gii) sin sin (2cot(-1)
17. Find the value of
(Exemplar
tan tan+cos cos
(Exemplar)
ci)tan co ta"
sin
18. Evaluate the following

9 cos sin)n
cosecco. (i) sin
2cot"
(CBSE 2013)
19. Show that: t a n s i n - 7
ANSWERS

(ii) 2. (i) () (ii)

1. (9 (i) 3 3

4. () 2T (i) (ii)
3. () (ii) (ii) 4 3
4

5. ) (i) (ii) 4
6.) (i) (n)
3

(iii) 8. () 10, 21 (i) (-, 1]0 [2, ») (ii)

7.
 MATHEMATICS XII
7
10. Im. 2] 11.
12. (0)5 n 5 i n
13. () 2T
3 1 (ii) - 1 15.() (i)-2 (ii) 12
(iv)
16.
(ii) -
6
(iv) 1 17. (i) 0
(i)19
18. () (m3
13
2.2 PROPERTIES OF INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
this
in section, we shall prove some
important properties of inverse trigonometric functions.
These results are
valid within the principal value branches of the
trigonometric functions and wherever they are defined. Some results corresponding inverse
values of the domains of may not be valid for all
inverse trigonometric functions. In fact, they wil be valid
some values of x for only for
which inverse trigonometric functions are defined.
go into the details of these
values of x in the domain.
However, we may not

1. ) sin (sin1 z) = lxl S1

x, (ii) cos (cos1 x) = *, Ixl s1
(iii) (tan1 2) x, x e R
tan =
(iv) cot (cot-1 x) = *, xe R
() (sec-1 x) =x, lxl 21
sec
(vi) cosec (cosec- x) =x, lxl 2 1.
Proof. (i) Let sin-l x
=y >*
sin y =

x sin (sin-1 x)
=

Thus, sin (sin-l x) x for y sin-1 x)

We leave
all x =
in -1, 1] ie. Ixl s1.
the proofs of other
parts for the reader.
2. () sin (sin x) =zxe (ii) cos-l (cos x) =
x, x e [0, n
(iii) tan1 (tan x) =
x, x E
(io) cot-l (cot x) =
*, x e
(0, t)
(u) sec-1 (sec x) = *, * 6

(vi) cosec-1 (cosec x) x, =

* «

Proof. (i) Let sin x

y* =
=
sinl y
x =
sin-l (sin x)

Thus, sin (sin x) =x for all xe

( y = sin

(It may be noted that when x e

, Sin x is one-one
function exists.) and hence its inverse
We leave the
proofs of other parts for the
3. (i) sin-' (-x) reader.
-sin-x, lxl s 1 =

(ii) cos-
(ii) tan-(-x) - tan-l x, x e R =
(-x) T - cos-l x, =

( cosec-1(-x) =- (iv) cot-i lxlSi

cosec x, xi 21 (v1) sec-i (-x) T cot-1 x, x e R
= -

Proof. () Let sin x y * = (-x) T - sec-1 x, lxl =

21.=

sin y,- ys
ys
x =
Sin y,
y2-
-

-X =
sin (-y), S-y s
-

sin(-x) = -

y sin"
(- ) = -sinl x, Ixls 1