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Characteristics of String in C++

The document outlines the characteristics of std::string, highlighting its dynamic size, built-in member functions, and operator overloading for intuitive string manipulation. It also emphasizes automatic memory management and compatibility with C-style strings. An example is provided to demonstrate string concatenation, substring extraction, and searching within a string.

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12 views2 pages

Characteristics of String in C++

The document outlines the characteristics of std::string, highlighting its dynamic size, built-in member functions, and operator overloading for intuitive string manipulation. It also emphasizes automatic memory management and compatibility with C-style strings. An example is provided to demonstrate string concatenation, substring extraction, and searching within a string.

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landeparth93
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Characteristics of std::string

1. Dynamic Size: Unlike C-style strings (character arrays), std::string can grow or
shrink dynamically as you add or remove characters.
2. Member Functions: The std::string class comes with many built-in methods,
including:
o length() or size(): Returns the number of characters in the string.
o append(): Adds characters to the end of the string.
o substr(): Extracts a substring.
o find(): Searches for a specific character or substring.
o insert(): Inserts characters at a specified position.
o erase(): Removes characters from the string.
o c_str(): Returns a pointer to a C-style string (null-terminated).
3. Operator Overloading: You can use operators to concatenate strings, compare them,
and more, which makes string manipulation intuitive.

cpp
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std::string str1 = "Hello, ";
std::string str2 = "World!";
std::string result = str1 + str2; // Concatenation

4. Memory Management: The std::string class automatically handles memory


allocation and deallocation, reducing the chances of memory leaks and buffer
overflows.
5. Compatibility with C-style Strings: You can convert between std::string and C-
style strings easily using the c_str() method for compatibility with functions that
require C-style strings.

Example of Using std::string

Here’s a simple example demonstrating some features of the std::string class:

cpp
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#include <iostream>
#include <string>

int main() {
std::string greeting = "Hello";
greeting += ", World!"; // Concatenation

std::cout << greeting << std::endl; // Output: Hello, World!

// Finding a substring
size_t pos = greeting.find("World");
if (pos != std::string::npos) {
std::cout << "'World' found at position: " << pos << std::endl;
}

// Substring
std::string sub = greeting.substr(7, 5); // Extract "World"
std::cout << "Substring: " << sub << std::endl;
return 0;
}

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