GSE 213 Lecture:1 1st Semester

INTRODUCTION:The General Studies Programme is designed to expose students to a

variety of knowledge across disciplines. It is aimed at enabling students appreciate the inter-
relationship among disciplines in an integrated world, which is fast becoming one big village.
Advances in science and technology are daily breaking down traditional boundaries in human
knowledge and communication. The computer is actively making obsolete the
compartmentalization of human knowledge. This course GSE 213 is meant to introduce
students to the real application of what they suppose to have learnt in computer
appreciation(GSE 123).

Course objectives
At the end of the course, students should be able to:
i. Boot a computer system and load a program/package for use.
ii. Carry out a simple task using a word processing program.
iii. Carry out a simple task using a spreadsheet program.
iv. Participate meaningfully in discussions on internet and its resources.
v. Discuss the applications of computer in education.

Course Content:
I. Introduction to Networking:
Networking: LAN; WAN; MAN; Internet and its resource gloving

II. Computer Operations:

(a) Booting; Windows; Keyboards; the Mouse; Loading; Application;
etc
(b) Introduction of word Processing
(c) Practical use of word processing application

III. Introduction to electronic spreadsheets:

Practical uses of spreadsheets such as Ms-Excel or Lotus 1-2-3

IV. Application of Computer in Educations:

(a) Advantages and disadvantages;
(b) CAI/CAL multimedia;
(c) Demonstration of education on CDs- English; Mathematics; etc

A: Required Text and Readings:

Go to the university bookshop or library. Going to the net, be mindful of
substandard pieces of information and other abuses of the internet.
B. You are expected to: Part 1. Write a brief essay (1 page MAX) that
addresses these questions: What does GSE 213 mean to you? Does it influence
you as a higher education student? How? Or why not?
Part 2.Towards the end of the semester: Write a brief essay (2 pages typed
MAX) that addresses these questions: How has your view of GSE 213 changed
during this course? How do you think GSE 213 will influence you in your
future?
C. Throughout the semester, there will be short quizzes and assignments
(assessments). Each quiz/writing or assignment will be a short-and-sweet
opportunity to let me know whether you are following or not.

Evaluation:
A. Your overall grade for the course is a composite of your grades in
examination (60%) and assessments (40%).

The lecture breakdown :

GSE 213: Tentative Schedule
Week Date Topics Exam/
Evaluation
1 INTRODUCTION:
Content/Requirement
2 Introduction to networking: meaning, Classroom
LAN, WAN, MAN exercise
3 Internet-meaning, applications(uses and Classroom
usage) evaluation

4 Booting, windows, keyboards, Practice

5 The Mouse; loading; Application

Formative
evaluation

6 Introduction of word processing- Classroom

meaning, Ms- word
evaluation

7 Writing of texts, letters, formatting Classroom

Exercise

8 Table creation Practice/group

Exercise

9 Electronic spreadsheet-meaning, Ms- Classroom

excel, uses
 Evaluation

10 Charting and calculation Oral evaluation

Application of computers in education-

11 The uses, enumerate them: typing Quiz

question papers, scoring(multiple choice
questions), supervision/invigilation,
result processing, instruction aiding, etc
12 CAI/CAL media, applications Classroom
evaluation

13 Demonstration of education instruction Classroomexercise

on CDs e.g. Maths, English, etc.
14 Practical Practical exercise

15 Revision Classroom
revision
16 Exams Summative
17 Exams Summative
CATs take place in between as directed by the Quality Assurance Unit

B. There will be no curve. Students will strive for pre-determined levels of

mastery rather than compete against each other. Levels are:
A = 70-100%
B = 60-69%
C = 50-59%
D = 45-49%
E = 40 - 44 %
F = 0 - 39%
***NOTE: These are guidelines and not etched in stone. Any adjustments will
be made in the students’ favour.***
Attendance:
Students are expected to attend all class periods. IF YOU ABSOLUTELY,
POSITIVELY CANNOT MAKE A CLASS, INFORM ME IN WRITING
PRIORTO THE SKIP. (We hate making judgments about whether a student is
telling the truth or not, so please bring some proof.) Realize that “I forgot” or
“my alarm didn’t go off” are NOT VALID excuses. An excessive number of
unexcused absences will result in a loss of points from your cumulative point
total.
Academic Dishonesty:
Cheating, plagiarism, and other malpractices: There will be discussions of what
constitutes academic dishonesty and how to avoid it. The penalty for academic
dishonesty is a failing grade in the course.

Lecture 2
Lesson plan for the second week
Course : GSE 213 Introduction to Computer Studies 2
Level: NCE2
Topic: Introduction to networking: meaning, LAN, WAN, MAN
Unit/Credit Load: 1
Specific Objectives: At the end of the lesson, at least 80% of the students
should be able to:
1. explain the term “Internet”.
2. give a brief but an explicit genesis of the internet and the web.
3. State what each of the following stands for: LAN, WAN, MAN, www
and ARPANET.
4. State at least four major uses of the internet and web.
Entry Behaviour: The students have taken the course GSE123 in year One and
it’s a prerequisite for this course GSE213. They have treated: meaning of
computer, components of computer, types and sizes of computer, uses of
computer, etc.(computer appreciation).
Set Induction: (i) Give an acceptable definition of a computer. Promise!
(ii) List two major constituents of a computer. Johnpaul!
(iii)How many of you have visited the institute/university’s ICT
room/office? Enumerate what you saw there. Peace, Lilian, Ovai!
Instructional Materials: the Computer laboratory and the computer accessories
there in, networked with modem, cables and other networking facilities.
Instructional Techniques: Definition, explanation, use of examples,
demonstration, questioning, and reinforcement.
Instructional Procedure:
Step 1. Explanation of the term “Internet”
Teacher(activity):The term “Internet” in computer studies is made up of two major
parts “Inter and net”. The Parts if expanded take us to the words “Inter-computer or
international computer and network” In this discussion, network stands for network of
computers or computer network.
Hence, “Internet” implies international computer network or international network of
computers. Network simply means interconnection of devices, machines or systems.
Network is not all that a new word. We have radio, television and other system
networks. The teacher explains, asks questions and answers the students questions
if any.
Students(activity): Watch the teacher/lecturer, listen attentively, write down facts in
their lecture notes as the teacher explains. They answer the teacher’s questions and
ask theirs if any.
Teacher: continues: We have, LAN: Local Area Network, MAN: Metropolitan Area
Network, WAN: Wide Area Network. He explains each very well with examples, while
the students pay attention and learn.

Step 2. The birth/genesis of the internet and web

Teacher: The Internet started in 1969 when the United States funded a mighty
project which developed a national computer network called “ARPANET” (Advanced
Research Project Agency Network).
In 1992, the Web (www = the World Wide Web) was introduced at the “Centre for
European Nuclear Research” in Switzerland (CERN) (French abbreviation Centre du
Europe –Ruche Nudeon). The Internet, before the introduction of Web was only text;
but since the coming of the web, - graphics, sound, video, animations can be
enjoyed through the Internet.
Students: Listen to the teacher, watch him/her explain and demonstrate concepts
and activities, write down facts in their lecture notes as the teacher explains. They
answer the teacher’s questions and ask theirs if any.
Teacher continues: The Web is a tool or facility which provides an exciting
multimedia interface through which internet could be connected in order to have
access to resources available in cyberspace.

Step 3 Uses of the Internet and web

Teacher’s activity: Arouses the ideas in the students by asking them, ‘are your
handsets computers or not? What and what do you do with them? Chisom!, Uche!
Student: Yes. Browsing, doing assignments, etc
Teacher: Helps the students give answers according to internet register/terminology.
Teacher: continues by accepting their sound answers and giving them the
appropriate terms. Hence, the uses or applications include: Communication -
Communicating with one another, Research- Researching, Business- Shopping, e-
commerce, Searching- for jobs, friends, advice, latest products, social
events/happenings (old and current), the current richest man in the world,
medicine/drugs, Entertainment – games, music, movies etc.,
Conference/meetings, Workshops, Education(teaching and Learning).
Students: Watch the teacher/lecturer, listen attentively, write down facts in their
lecture notes as the teacher explains. They answer the teacher’s questions and ask
theirs if any.

Summary: The teacher/lecturer summarizes the lecture/lesson, by outlining the

salient points in the lecture and from there evaluates the lesson/lecture.

EVALUATION
1. What do you understand by the term “Internet” in Computer studies?
2. Give a brief but an explicit genesis of the internet and the web.
3. State what each of the following stands for: LAN, WAN, MAN, www
and ARPANET.
4. State at least four major uses of the internet and web.
CLOSURE: Teacher: reacts/responds to the students’ (evaluation) answers.
Assignment: Go to the ICT lab, a cyber café or using your own system,
download a brief history of Godfrey Okoye University, Enugu –Nigeria. Each
student should hand to me a printed copy of his/her own come next lecture.

Note:
WHAT IS THE INTERNET?
The term “Internet” in computer studies is made up of two major parts “Inter and net”.
The Parts if expanded take us to the words “Inter-computer or international computer
and network” In this discussion, network stands for network of computers or
computer network.

Hence, “Internet” implies international computer network or international network of

computers. Network simply means interconnection of devices, machines or systems.
Network is not all that a new word. We have radio, television and other system
networks.

The Internet is a large set of computer networks that communicate with each other,
previously over telephone lines. It is an international computer network, through
which computer users all over the world can communicate, exchange information,
etc. In this network, communication satellite is involved. This is a typical example of
wide Area Network. Network in addition could be metropolitan, or local. This simply
refers to the distance apart between systems. Interconnection of computers in a
room or a compound is an example of a Local Area Network (LAN). Beyond that you
get the Metropolitan Area Network(MAN) and beyond that, such as between states
or nations (worldwide) you get the Wide Area Network (WAN), where the Internet
falls.

In the internet ideas and information are moved through Cyberspace – the space of
electronic movement of ideas and information. This space is beyond the geographic
space.

The Genesis/birth of Internet and the Web: The Internet started in 1969 when the
United States funded a mighty project which developed a national computer network
called “ARPANET” (Advanced Research Project Agency Network).
In 1992, the Web (www = the World Wide Web) was introduced at the “Centre for
European Nuclear Research” in Switzerland (CERN) (French abbreviation Centre du
Europe –Ruche Nudeon). The Internet, before the introduction of Web was only text;
but since the coming of the web, - graphics, sound, video, animations can be
enjoyed through the Internet.

The Web: The Web is a tool or facility which provides an exciting multimedia
interface through which internet could be connected in order to have access to
resources available in cyberspace.

THE USES OF THESE TOOLS (INTERNET AND WEB)

The Internet and the web are the century information resources meant for us.
Without information, you may achieve little if at all you achieve anything in this world.
Do you want to discuss with a friend, a relation, a business colleague, etc across the
town, state or country? Do you have serious business contacts with people in
another country or another part of the world? Are you researching a term paper,
project or looking for a sound career way through? Your problems are solved.
Embrace the Internet and web.

APPLICATIONS
In the light of the above questions and needs, the uses of the Internet and Web
include;

1. Communicating with Others: The sending and receiving of messages is

one of the most popular Internet activities. Using the appropriate facilities one can
electronically send and receive messages, to and from business counterparts,
friends and others that are at anywhere in the world. These messages sent or
received electronically using the computer Internet (facilities) are called e-mail i.e.
electronic mail. No need looking for an envelope or stamp. No need worrying about
mails being lost in transit.

2. Researching: (a) For information about your business, term paper, projects,
knowledge of someone special/renowned and what have you, all you need is to visit
any computer centre which has the internet and web facilities. You can equally have
your own and learn how to access these resources. So, while at home you can have
access to one of the world’s largest libraries. You can have access to the Internet
public library – virtual libraries and look up for anything you want, even read selected
items. For medical research, you can look up for new medicines and treatments
(www.mayohealth.org).

3. Shopping/Trade (Business): Individuals go to markets either to buy or sell.

Businessmen do other things including advertising. All the above come under
commerce.

A seriously growing application of Internet and web is electronic commerce (e-

commerce). One can visit a cyber mail or centre to window shop. You may look up
for the latest fashions, check current prizes and qualities available in stores and
make purchases through electronic cash, credit cards, checks etc.

One can equally register and advertise his service/business through www with the
help of the web store front creation packages or commerce servers, which create
web sites that allow visitors to register, browse, and place products into virtual
shopping carts.

Example of some services and their web sites are shown or given below.

Description Site
i. Alaskan products www.alaskan.com

ii. Want to buy or sell a car www.autobytel.com

4. Searching: Searching for jobs, friends, assistance etc. Go to the website. A
web site shows you information about something or someone that has been
registered there.

For example:

i. Need TV information? www.nbc.com

ii. What’s up with Ally McBeal? www.foxworld.com/ally

5. Entertainment (Entertaining): All work and no play make Jack a dull

man/boy. (By now, don’t you think that Jack is a man? Laugh it off.)

Recreation and entertainment are very important aspects of life – through which we
rest, ease tension, or divert attention to ensure proper physical and psychological
adjustment. “Monotony” they say “kills interest”.

What are your hobbies? Listening to Music and dancing, watching movies, reading,
playing (indoor) games etc!! These are available on the Internet waiting for you.

To enjoy them, first get your system connected or go to a café – (centre) where you
gain access to the Internet.

The above uses and applications are just but a few things you will enjoy with the
Internet. Just start now and you learn more of the services every day. Many new
things are being put there daily for you. This means that with the Internet and the
web you join a different class of people and live a life without tears or stress.

Lecture 3
Lesson Plan for the third week
Course : GSE 213 Introduction to Computer Studies 2
Level: NCE 200
Topic: Internet Applications(uses and usage)
Unit/Credit Load:1

Specific Objectives: At the end of the lesson/lecture, at least 80% of the students
should be able to:
1. discuss vividly at least two important applications of the Internet and web
2. give at least one clear example of each
3. explain how one can hook to and use the internet and web
4. enumerate at least four of the best browsers in vogue now.
Entry Behaviour: The students have been introduced to networking and Internet.
Set Induction: What do you understand by the term Internet? Agnes!, Nnanna!, etc.

Instructional Materials: Computers and computer accessories networked,

modem, cables and other networking facilities, the students handsets, etc.
Instructional Techniques: Definition, explanation, use of examples,
demonstration, questioning, and reinforcement.
Instructional Procedure:
Step 1. Important applications of the Internet and WEB
Teacher: From our last lecture and the meaning of Internet according to Agnes and
Nnanna, we can now go into greater discussion of the applications/uses.
Students: Watch the teacher/lecturer and listen attentively.
Teacher(continues): The Internet and the web are the century information
resources meant for us. Without information, you may achieve little if at all you
achieve anything in this world. Do you want to discuss with a friend, a relation, a
business colleague, etc across the town, state or country? Do you have serious
business contacts with people in another country or another part of the world? Are
you researching a term paper, project or looking for a sound career way through?
Your problems are solved. Embrace the Internet and web.
In the light of the above questions and needs, the uses of the Internet and Web
include;

Communication(Communicating with Others): The sending and receiving of

messages is one of the most popular Internet activities. Using the appropriate
facilities one can electronically send and receive messages, to and from business
counterparts, friends and others that are at anywhere in the world. These messages
sent or received electronically using the computer Internet (facilities) are called e-
mail i.e. electronic mail. No need looking for an envelope or stamp. No need
worrying about mails being lost in transit.

Students: Listen to the teacher, watch him/her explain and demonstrate concepts
and activities, write down facts in their lecture notes as the teacher explains. They
answer the teacher’s questions and ask theirs if any.

Teacher: Any question? Students: No sir !

Teacher(continues): Researching: (a) For information about your business, term

paper, projects, knowledge of someone special/renowned and what have you, all
you need is to visit any computer centre which has the internet and web facilities.
You can equally have your own and learn how to access these resources. So, while
at home you can have access to one of the world’s largest libraries. You can have
access to the Internet public library – virtual libraries and look up for anything you
want, even read selected items. For medical research, you can look up for new
medicines and treatments (www.mayohealth.org).

Students: Watch the teacher/lecturer, listen attentively and write down facts in their
notebooks.

Teacher: Shopping/Trade (Business/e-commerce): Individuals go to markets

either to buy or sell. Businessmen do other things including advertising. All the
above come under commerce.
A seriously growing application of Internet and web is electronic commerce (e-
commerce). One can visit a cyber mail or centre to window shop. You may look up
for the latest fashions, check current prizes and qualities available in stores and
make purchases through electronic cash, credit cards, checks etc.
One can equally register and advertise his service/business through www with the
help of the web store front creation packages or commerce servers, which create
web sites that allow visitors to register, browse, and place products into virtual
shopping carts.
Example of some services and their web sites are shown or given below.
Description Site
i. Alaskan products www.alaskan.com

ii. Want to buy or sell a car www.autobytel.com

Demonstration(Teacher): We shall go to some of the websites and

demonstrate/perform practically soon after these explanations, or because of the
lecture duration(less than 1 hour), we shall set aside some days for practical

Teacher: Is that clear? Students: Yes sir!

Teacher: Searching: Searching for jobs, friends, assistance etc. Go to the website.
A web site shows you information about something or someone that has been
registered there.

For example:

i. Need TV information? www.nbc.com

ii. What’s up with Ally McBeal? www.foxworld.com/ally

Students: Listen, watch the teacher/lecturer and ask questions when necessary.

Teacher: Entertainment (Entertaining yourself and others): All work and no play
make Jack a dull man/boy. (By now, don’t you think that Jack is a man? Laugh it
off.) Students: Ha ha ha !
Teacher: Recreation and entertainment are very important aspects of life – through
which we rest, ease tension, or divert attention to ensure proper physical and
psychological adjustment. “Monotony” they say “kills interest”.
What are your hobbies? Listening to Music and dancing, watching movies, reading,
playing (indoor) games etc!! These are available on the Internet waiting for you.

To enjoy them, first get your system connected or go to a café – (centre) where you
gain access to the Internet.
For your conferences, meetings, workshops, virtual classes or lectures make sure
you have the appropriate Apps(application programs/software), install them (e.g.
zoom.us).

The above uses and applications are just but a few things you will enjoy with the
Internet. Just start now and you learn more of the services every day. Many new
things are developed and uploaded daily, for you. This means that with the Internet
and the web you join a different class of people and live a life without tears or stress.
Step 2. How can one hook to and use the internet and web?
Teacher: To use Internet facilities or to gain access to the Internet, you must be
connected. One of the ways of having access to the Internet is through a provider or
host computer, or buy a MODEM.

If you have no computer yourself but want to use the Internet, you can go to any of
the computer centres which have access. If you can operate the system, then ask
for user’s time (and the charge), then proceed with whatever you want to do with the
system, otherwise ask the operator to provide the service you need – either to give
information send or receive an e-mail get any information for your project or business
etc. then, pay him/her.
For computer business owners who wish to be connected to the Internet, the
commonest way to do that is through a PROVIDER. For a PC, buy a MODEM.
For your handsets that can be used for browsing, at least a browser is already there,
for example Opera mini, chrome, etc.
Teacher: Hello!
Students: Hi!
Teacher: With the above available, boot/put on your system. For your handset make
sure your mobile data icon is on. For other systems make sure that your modem, Wi-
Fi, etc. are connected. Then, click your browser e.g. Firefox or Google Chrome ,
where you land is: https://.www......
It is called URL(Universal Resource Locator). There, type in your search engine: e.g.
yahoo. Such that you have www.yahoo.com. Then, type the website of your
interest..Nevertheless, you can go to the URL and type a website or any topic of your
choice and get responses/information.

Step 3.
BROWSING (THE INTERNET/WEB)
In computer studies, a browser is a computer program with graphical user interface
for displaying HTML(Hypertext Markup Language) files used to navigate the world
wide web. Your browser is your gateway to the internet. HTML is used with a
browser to create websites.
One of the most popular companies that developed browser software earlier was
“Netscape”(browser- Netscape’s communicator).
Browsers are used for connecting to the web. They are used also to search for
information, communicate with others, and create Web pages/sites. The most widely
used web browsers now are Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge,
Safari, Opera, Brave, and MS Internet Explorer.

Apart from communication where E-mail is the most popular activity; searching (for
relevant information) – about your favourite TV. program, cost of a new car you
would want to buy, planning or thinking about your academic or business research
etc is primarily regarded as browsing (Internet browsing).

How do you browse to get the information you need? To browse you may need a
search engine after launching/loading any of the browsers.
The search engines include; google.com, yahoo.com, mama.com, Ask.com, etc.
Select any of the search engines. In the space provided, type in the issue you want
to learn about.
For a known site, just type or select the site housing the information you need and
search. When you find them, you can download them i.e. copy them into your
storage device or even print them out on a hardcopy.
Teacher(Demonstrate), Students(Practice): Following the explanation above, let us
visit one of the websites cited above(for those who want to buy or sell cars).
www.autobytel.com
Summary: Teacher highlights the salient points in the lesson.

EVALUATION
1. Discuss vividly at least two important applications of the Internet and web.
2. Give at least one clear example of each of the above.
3. Explain how one can hook to and use the internet and web.
4. Enumerate at least four of the best browsers in vogue now.
CLOSURE: React to the students’ evaluation answers. Reinforce them as they
answer correctly and encourage the less brilliant ones to answer/perform better.

THE USES OF THESE TOOLS (INTERNET AND WEB)

The Internet and the web are the century information resources meant for us.
Without information, you may achieve little if at all you achieve anything in this world.
Do you want to discuss with a friend, a relation, a business colleague, etc across the
town, state or country? Do you have serious business contacts with people in
another country or another part of the world? Are you researching a term paper,
project or looking for a sound career way through? Your problems are solved.
Embrace the Internet and web.

APPLICATIONS
In the light of the above questions and needs, the uses of the Internet and Web
include;

1. Communicating with Others: The sending and receiving of messages is

one of the most popular Internet activities. Using the appropriate facilities one can
electronically send and receive messages, to and from business counterparts,
friends and others that are at anywhere in the world. These messages sent or
received electronically using the computer Internet (facilities) are called e-mail i.e.
electronic mail. No need looking for an envelope or stamp. No need worrying about
mails being lost in transit.

2. Researching: (a) For information about your business, term paper, projects,
knowledge of someone special/renowned and what have you, all you need is to visit
any computer centre which has the internet and web facilities. You can equally have
your own and learn how to access these resources. So, while at home you can have
access to one of the world’s largest libraries. You can have access to the Internet
public library – virtual libraries and look up for anything you want, even read selected
items. For medical research, you can look up for new medicines and treatments
(www.mayohealth.org).

3. Shopping/Trade (Business): Individuals go to markets either to buy or sell.

Businessmen do other things including advertising. All the above come under
commerce.

A seriously growing application of Internet and web is electronic commerce (e-

commerce). One can visit a cyber mail or centre to window shop. You may look up
for the latest fashions, check current prizes and qualities available in stores and
make purchases through electronic cash, credit cards, checks etc.

One can equally register and advertise his service/business through www with the
help of the web store front creation packages or commerce servers, which create
web sites that allow visitors to register, browse, and place products into virtual
shopping carts.

Example of some services and their web sites are shown or given below.

Description Site
i. Alaskan products www.alaskan.com

ii. Want to buy or sell a car www.autobytel.com

4. Searching: Searching for jobs, friends, assistance etc. Go to the website. A

web site shows you information about something or someone that has been
registered there.

For example:

i. Need TV information? www.nbc.com

ii. What’s up with Ally McBeal? www.foxworld.com/ally

5. Entertainment (Entertaining): All work and no play make Jack a dull

man/boy. (By now, don’t you think that Jack is a man? Laugh it off.)

Recreation and entertainment are very important aspects of life – through which we
rest, ease tension, or divert attention to ensure proper physical and psychological
adjustment. “Monotony” they say “kills interest”.

What are your hobbies? Listening to Music and dancing, watching movies, reading,
playing (indoor) games etc!! These are available on the Internet waiting for you.

To enjoy them, first get your system connected or go to a café – (centre) where you
gain access to the Internet.
For your conferences, meetings, workshops, virtual classes or lectures make sure
you have the appropriate App(application program/software), install it(e.g. zoom.us).
The above uses and applications are just but a few things you will enjoy with the
Internet. Just start now and you learn more of the services every day. Many new
things are developed and uploaded there daily, for you. This means that with the
Internet and the web you join a different class of people and live a life without tears
or stress.

HOW CAN ONE HOOK TO AND USE THE INTERNET? USING/HOOKING TO

THE INTERNET
To use Internet facilities or to gain access to the Internet, you must be connected.
One of the ways of having access to the Internet is through a provider or host
computer, or buy a MODEM.

If you have no computer yourself but want to use the Internet, you can go to any of
the computer centres which have access. If you can operate the system, then ask
for user’s time (and the charge), then proceed with whatever you want to do with the
system, otherwise ask the operator to provide the service you need – either to give
information send or receive an e-mail get any information for your project or business
etc. then, pay him/her.

For computer business owners who wish to be connected to the Internet, the
commonest way to do that is through a PROVIDER. For a PC, buy a MODEM.

BROWSING (THE INTERNET/WEB)

In computer studies, a browser is a computer program with graphical user interface
for displaying HTML(Hypertext Markup Language) files used to navigate the world
wide web. Your browser is your gateway to the internet. HTML is used with a
browser to create websites.
One of the most popular companies that developed browser software earlier was
“Netscape”(browser- Netscape’s communicator).
Browsers are used for connecting to the web. They are used also to search for
information, communicate with others, and create Web pages/sites. The most widely
used web browsers now are Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge,
Safari, Opera, Brave, and MS Internet Explorer.

Apart from communication where E-mail is the most popular activity; searching (for
relevant information) – about your favourite TV. program, cost of a new car you
would want to buy, planning or thinking about your academic or business research
etc is primarily regarded as browsing (Internet browsing).

How do you browse to get the information you need? To browse you may need a
search engine after launching/loading any of the browsers.

The search engines include; google.com, yahoo.com, mama.com, Ask.com, etc.

Select any of the search engines. In the space provided, type in the issue you want
to learn about.
For a known site, just type or select the site housing the information you need and
search. When you find them, you can download them i.e. copy them into your
storage device or even print them out on a hardcopy.

LECTURE 4
Lesson plan for the fourth week
Course : GSE 213 Introduction to Computer studies 2
Level: NCE 200
TOPIC: Booting, windows, keyboards:
Unit/Credit load 1
Specific Objectives: At the end of the lecture, at least 80% of the students
should be able to:

1. explain the term “booting” in Computer Studies.

2. state the function of the windows(desktop User Interface(UI)) in
computer.
3. mention one type of keyboard commonly used now.
4. enumerate at least two functions of the keyboard.
5. list at least two groups of keys on the keyboard.

Entry Behaviour: The students have seen computers of different types and
sizes. They have seen keyboards and even Gboards.
Set Induction: Have you seen a desktop computer? Have you seen a laptop
computer?
Instructional Materials: Computers, keyboards.
Instructional Techniques: Explanation, repetition, identification, use of
examples, voice modulation
Instructional Procedure:

Step 1 Booting
Teacher: Booting the computer implies putting the computer on or set for
starting or use. Using a desktop computer, do all the necessary connections, and
switch on the (electric) power supply source (socket), boot the computer by
pressing (on) the system unit power button. If the monitor has its separate
power button, press/switch it on as well, and watch the monitor screen.
Students: Pay attention, watch the teacher and jot down facts in the teacher’s
explanation.
Teacher: He demonstrates booting with two desktop computers and asks the
students to boot the rest of the computers as he did.
Students: The students carry on the instruction.
Teacher: Ab initio computers were installed to boot through DOS environment.
But, because of the challenges and the general difficulty in operating computers
in DOS environment, it was reversed by computer experts to be booting through
windows environment.
As you press the boot button, a lot of things begin to evolve and move/pass on
the monitor screen depending on the windows and the version, installed. Do
not do any other thing; wait patiently until you see the screen with some colours
and graphics background called desktop. At the bottom of the screen the only
text (word) you may finally see there is at the left bottom, and the word is
Start, or Start symbol. This is called cold booting.

Teacher: Any question? Students: No sir!

Warm booting:
Teacher: This is done or achieved by pressing these three keys:
Ctrl + Alt + Del i.e. Control, Alternate, Delete keys; or by pressing the reset
button if your system unit has it. This second method of booting is used
whenever you are confused at a stage while using your computer, or if your
computer hangs and fails to respond to you irrespective of your efforts to
continue what you were doing with it. This is a form of re-booting or re-starting
your computer.
Students: Listen attentively to the teacher and write down the points in his
explanation.
Teacher: Is that clear? Students: Yes sir! Teacher: Well done good students,
shall we proceed?
Students: Carry go!

Step 2 Windows

Teacher: The Windows (desktop user interface) provides users with access
to a wide variety of objects necessary for running applications and
managing the operating system. The most numerous and familiar of these
objects are the folders and files that reside on computer disk drives. This is
better than DOS.
In booting through windows, once you press the boot button after all the
necessary connections, wait. If the successful booting environment described
above is not met and you see a dialogue box with other texts(or instructions),
booting is hindered.
At the sight of such, instead of “Start/symbol”, go to the keyboard and press
“Esc” (Escape) key at the top left of the keyboard. On pressing this, the entire
thing you saw would disappear, finally leaving you with “start” or the symbol,
the desktop icons, the time of the day and probably the mouse pointer . The
desktop may contain other beautiful designs, such as calendar, icons for
different programs, pictures etc.

Teacher: shows and demonstrates the procedure and actions with the
computer(s) before the students.

Students: watch and practice in turn as the teacher demonstrates.

Teacher continues: Now, you can start by taking your mouse pointer to the
“Start symbol” and clicking once or by going to the keyboard and pressing the
window key,  (by the left bottom row key). Note: You would see the symbol
(and not the word window) on the keyboard, once you do either of the above;
clicking with the mouse at the “start” or pressing the win key; the start menu
germinates (appears) vertically up. It displays lists of files/software packages.
With your mouse, point at All programs and click.
List of packages/programs open, vertically thus:

Accessories
CorelDraw
Word perfect
Microsoft Office
MS – Excel
Microsoft Word

Outlook express
MS DOS
PowerPoint, etc.

To select and open (or load) any package, move the mouse pointer to the
package and the option with the mouse, or use the down  arrow key on the key
board to select the package, and press the “Enter” key. e.g. select and click MS
Word (Microsoft Word).

MS WORD ENVIRONMENT(Screen Layout)

When you begin to explore the current Word version you will notice a new look
to the menu bar. There are three features that you should remember as you work
within Word 2007 and recent versions: the Microsoft Office Button, the Quick
Access Toolbar, and the Ribbon. These three features contain many of the
functions that were in the menu of previous versions of Word. The functions of
these three features will be more fully explored later.

Step 3The Keyboard

Teacher: The keyboard is one of the computer input devices.
Input devices: These are the parts of the computer we use to send data and
instructions into the computer. Example: the keyboard, the mouse, the scanner,
the joystick, the light pen, floppy disks, USB flash, magnetic tapes, tracker ball,
voice recognition input devices(e.g. microphone), special scanners – barcode
readers, Optical Character Recognition (OCR), Optical Mark Recognition
(OMR), Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR) devices, touch screen,
etc.
 The keyboard is used to type-in data into the computer, issue and execute
commands.
Teacher: raises up a keyboard and asks the students to look closer at, and even
touch, the keyboards in the lab.
Students: obey the teacher’s instruction to have a closer look at the keyboards.
Teacher(continues): The most commonly used type of keyboard is the
QWERTY keyboard. {See the arrangement of the letters of the alphabet.} The
other type is the DVORAK(not commonly seen or used here in Nigeria).
fu n ctio n k e y s
en ter k ey

ty p in g k ey s n u m eric k ey p ad
sp ace b a r
cu rso r co n tro l k e y s

The keys on the computer keyboard with their functions can be grouped into:

1. Typing keys – made up of alphabetic, numeric (alpha-numeric), special

character (?, #, @ £, ^, etc.) tab, shift, backspace, caps lock, keys, etc. used
for all sorts of typing work.
2. Function keys – F1, F2, F3 …F12. [They are package or program
subjective to an extent]. For example, F1 is Help key for many programs.
See the full meanings and applications later.
Teacher: Any question? A Student(John): Yes! Teacher: Ok, ask your
question. John asks his question. Teacher answers it.
Teacher continues:
3. Special purpose keys – They include: enter, insert, delete, page up, page
down, control, alternate, home and end key. They perform special
functions in computer operation.
4. The cursor control/movement keys (arrow keys). These are very important
in the absence of the mouse. They are for navigating the windows/DOS
environment.
5. The numeric keypad is for convenience – used in exclusive mathematical/
spreadsheet operations.
Teacher: Any question? Students: No!

Summary: From all we have been discussing today, we learnt that:

1.Booting means……….
2.The Windows (desktop user interface) provides users with ….
3. QWERTY
4. (i)Typing in data (ii) Issuing commands
5. (i) Typing keys (ii) Special Purpose keys

EVALUATION

1. Explain the term “booting” in Computer Studies

2. State the function of the windows (desktop UI) in computer.
 3. Mention one type of keyboard commonly used now in Nigeria.
4. Enumerate at least two functions of the keyboard.
5. List at least two groups of keys on the keyboard.

CLOSURE: The teacher responds to their answers with reinforcements, and

encouraged the less brilliant ones to perform better.

Assignment: Read about ‘the computer mouse’ in preparation for our next
lectures. God bless you.

GSE 213 LECTURE 5

Course: GSE213 Introduction to Computer Studies 2
Level: NCE 200
TOPIC: The Mouse; loading; Application
Unit/Credit load 1
Specific Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
1. explain explicitly what a computer mouse is.
2. list at least three types of mouse based on an acceptable classification.
3. enumerate and explain at least two functions of the mouse.
4. demonstrate one of the uses of the mouse.
Entry Behaviour: The students have studied one of the input devices(the
keyboard). They equally have heard that there are other input devices.
Set Induction: What is the name of the input device we treated in our previous
lecture? Nneka! Nneka: Keyboard!
Teacher: Correct!

Instructional Materials: Many computers (desktop, laptop, etc.), many

mice(different types of mouse), and other computer accessories.
Instructional techniques: Definition, explanation, use of examples,
demonstration, questioning, and reinforcement.
Instructional Procedure or Content Development

Step 1 Computer Mouse-what is it?

Teacher: A computer mouse is a small device that is moved by hand across a
surface to control the movement of the cursor on a computer screen. It is used
to, control/direct the movement and the position of the cursor, select and issue
commands, draw, etc. Usually it has two major buttons, left and right. Ab
initio, using a desktop computer, a separate mouse derives from a kitchen
mouse. The left and right buttons represent the eyes of a real kitchen mouse.
Teacher: shows the students a mouse

Students: Watch the teacher and the mouse, listen to the teacher’s explanations
and illustrations, jot down the facts as the teacher explains, ask questions when
necessary and answer the teacher’s questions as well.

Teacher continues: The computer mouse is usually placed on a small thick

plane known as mouse pad. Nevertheless, mice are now seen embedded on
laptops, notebook and other micro- computers. The computer mouse is an
interesting device that offers an alternative way to interact with the computer
beside a keyboard.

Some mice have scrolling wheels between the two buttons. The computer
mouse is considered an input device. With a click of a button, the mouse sends
information to the computer.

Step 2.Types of Mouse

Teacher: There are many types of mouse. Most of us have the type of
computer mouse that is connected to our computer by a cable with a ball at the
bottom of the mouse device. The Intel mouse has a wheel between the left and
the right buttons. There are cordless mice, mice with a trackball on top instead
of the bottom, touch pads, and mice operated by the use of a foot. Anyone you
prefer and can use efficiently, use it. Some professionals classify mice into the
following types: (i) traditional mouse, (ii) optical mouse, (iii) wireless
mouse, and (iv) laptop mouse; others classify them as mechanical, laser,
cordless, and embedded mouse.
Students: Listen attentively and take down points as the teacher teaches.
You may still hear infrared (IR) or radio frequency cordless mouse, a mouse
with many buttons, trackball mouse, stylus mouse, and cordless 3-d mouse.
Computer mice come in a number of varieties. You can find a computer mouse
for just about any use.

Step 3.the functions of a mouse

Teacher: The left button: The left button is the most commonly used feature on
a mouse and performs several actions. The most popular are opening, selecting
and dragging of texts and objects..

To open a file or application, position the mouse pointer over the icon and
rapidly click the left button twice. To drag a file/picture from one location to
another, position the pointer over the icon, then click and hold the left button.
Move the pointer to the location you desire, and release the button to drop the
file.

Finally, if you want to select a certain area for editing or copying, click and hold
the left button as you drag the pointer across the section you desire.

The right button: Clicking the right button gives you quick access to available
functions based on the program in which you are working. For instance, if you
right-click the icon for an application on the desktop, a menu pops up that gives
you options to open, delete, rename or view the properties of the file. Just a
single click is all you need when you use the right mouse button.

Teacher: Is that clear? Students: Yes sir!

The scroll wheel: Most modern-day mice have a scroll wheel located between
the left and right mouse buttons. Rolling the wheel away from or towards you
allows you to quickly scroll through a screen while holding your mouse still.

The scroll wheel can also perform other functions, depending on the application
you are using. For example, if you hold the control key down while rolling the
scroll wheel, you can change the appearance of the font in a document.

How does a mouse work? To describe it, in simple terms, an optical mouse
works by taking over 1000 pictures every second.

A processor interprets the pictures and detects how much the mouse has moved
from image to image. This information is sent to the computer, and the pointer
on the screen moves accordingly. You can connect your mouse to your
computer with a cord or wirelessly, using a small receiver that plugs into a USB
port. The computer mouse is one of the earliest PC peripherals. When a mouse
has more than one button, software may assign different functions to each
button
Loading a package or an application program after booting or while working.
Loading formally, not short cutting
Now, you can start by taking your mouse pointer to the “Start symbol” and
clicking once or by going to the keyboard and pressing the window key,  (by
the left bottom row key). Note: You would see the symbol (and not the word
window) on the keyboard, once you do either of the above; clicking with the
mouse at the “start” or pressing the win key; the start menu germinates
(appears) vertically up. It displays lists of files/software packages. With your
mouse, point at All programs and click.

List of packages/programs open vertically thus:

Accessories
CorelDraw
Word perfect
Microsoft Office
MS – Excel
Microsoft Word

Outlook express
MS DOS
PowerPoint, etc.

To select and open (or load) any package, move the mouse pointer to the
package and the option with the mouse, or use the down  arrow key on the key
board to select the package, and press the “Enter” key. e.g. select and click MS
Word (Microsoft Word).

After doing either of the above, wait and watch the package load (i.e. open up)
for use. You will then see a beautiful rectangular frame containing several texts
and graphics, such as Ms word…- by the top left of the first horizontal bar.
This top horizontal bar is called the Title bar. This is where the name of the
software you are using, as well as the name you would use to save your work
(file) appear. If you did not see Ms word, look for Ms Office, from there you
see and select Ms word to open.

EVALUATION
1.What is a computer mouse? Explain explicitly.
2.List at least three types of mouse based on an acceptable classification.
3.Enumerate and explain at least two functions of the mouse.
 4.Demonstrate one of the uses of the mouse.

CLOSURE: Assignment: Having treated some input devices, you should

prepare(prep) for our next lesson where we shall apply what we have learnt by
reading the topic Word Processing in your textbook.

GSE 213 LECTURE 6

NCE 200
TOPIC: Word Processing- meaning, Ms- word
Specific Objectives: At the end of the lecture at least 70% of the students
should be able to:
1. define and explain word processing.
2. list at least two programs used for word processing.
3. mention at least three facilities of a word processor.
4. explain the term mircosoft office button.
5. identify a ribbon in an Ms word environment.
Entry Behaviour: The students have studied the major input devices which
they will use/apply in this topic.
Set Induction: Mention the two input devices you have studied.
Instructional Materials: Computers
Instructional Procedure:

Step 1.
Word Processing-meaning
Teacher: Word processing is the art or process of creating, editing and
producing an elegant, error free text or document. It is the production,
manipulation and editing of a text in order to obtain a desired document or
file. The software or programs used for word processing are called word
processors. Examples are MS Word, Word Star, and Multimate. The features or
facilities of word processors include – create, edit, format, save, retrieve, print,
close.

Step 2. Ms word environment : Screen Layout

Menus

When you begin to explore new versions of msWord you will notice a new look to
the menu bar. There are three features that you should remember as you work
within Word 2007 and later versions: the Microsoft Office Button, the Quick Access
Toolbar, and the Ribbon. These three features contain many of the functions that
were in the menu of previous versions of Word. The functions of these three features
will be more fully explored below.

The Microsoft Office Button

The Microsoft Office button performs many of the functions that were located in the
File menu of older versions of Word. This button allows you to create a new
document, open an existing document, save or save as, print, send (through email or
fax), publish or close.

Step 3.The Ribbon

Teacher: The Ribbon is the panel at the top portion of the document. It has seven
tabs: Home, Insert, Page Layout, References, Mailings, Review, and View that
contain many new and existing features of Word. Each tab is divided into groups.
The groups are logical collections of features designed to perform functions that you
will utilize in developing or editing your Word document. Commonly used features
are displayed on the Ribbon, to view additional features within each group, click on
the arrow at the bottom right of each group.

Students: Pay attention to the teacher’s definition and explanations.

Teacher: Each of the tabs contains the following tools:

Home: Clipboard, Fonts, Paragraph, Styles, and Editing.
Insert: Pages, Tables, Illustrations, Links, Header & Footer, Text, and Symbols
Page Layout: Themes, Page Setup, Page Background, Paragraph, Arrange
References: Table of Contents, Footnote, Citation & Bibliography, Captions, Index,
and Table of Authorities.
Mailings: Create, Start Mail Merge, Write & Insert Fields, Preview Results, Finish.
Review: Proofing, Comments, Tracking, Changes, Compare, Protect
View: Document Views, Show/Hide, Zoom, Window, Macros

Creating a New Document

There are several ways to create new documents, open existing documents, and
save documents in Word:

 Click the Microsoft Office Button and Click New or

 Press CTRL+N (Depress the CTRL key while pressing the “N”) on the keyboard
You will notice that when you click on the Microsoft Office Button and Click New, you
have many choices about the types of documents you can create. If you wish to start
from a blank document, click Blank. If you wish to start from a template you can
browse through your choices on the left, see the choices on centre screen, and
preview the selection on the right screen; otherwise click Create.

Summary: Summarise the lesson.

Evaluation
Define and explain word processing.
List at least two programs used for word processing.
Mention at least three facilities of a word processor.
Explain the term Microsoft office button.
Identify a ribbon in an Ms word environment.

Closure: You have got your course content and weekly breakdown. Go on and read
ahead(i.e. prep).

GSE 213 LECTURES 7 & 8

7 Creating of documents

8 Table creation

LECT 7
Theme: WORKING WITH DOCUMENTS

Topic: Creating of documents

Specific objectives: At the end of the lesson at least 80% 0f the students should be
able to :

1. outline at least three steps for creating a new document.

2. outline at least two steps for opening an existing document.
3. state at least two steps for saving a document.
4. carry out the above activities successfully
Entry Behaviour: The students have seen and learnt the uses of the parts of the
computer, keyboard, mouse and the desktop.

Set Induction: Explain two uses of the keyboard. Promise!

Instructional Materials: Computers and their accessories.

Techniques: Explanation, demonstration, questioning, reinforcement

Procedure:

Step 1 Creating a new document

Teacher: There are several ways to create new documents, open existing
documents, and save documents in Word:

 Click the Microsoft Office Button and Click New or

 Press CTRL+N (Depress the CTRL key while pressing the “N”) on the keyboard
You will notice that when you click on the Microsoft Office Button and Click New, you
have many choices about the types of documents you can create. If you wish to start
from a blank document, click Blank. The teacher demonstrates the above. Then
asks the students to perform after him.

Students: Listen, watch the teacher and practice what he has demonstrated.

Step 2 Opening an Existing Document

Teacher: Click the Microsoft Office Button and Click Open, or

Press CTRL+O (Depress the CTRL key while pressing the “O”) on the keyboard,
or
If you have recently used the document you can click the Microsoft Office Button
and click the name of the document in the Recent Documents section of the
window. The teacher demonstrates that and asks the students to do so.
Students: Watch and practice after the teacher’s demonstration.

Step 3 Saving a Document

Teacher: Click the Microsoft Office Button and Click Save or Save As (remember,
if you’re sending the document to someone who does not have Office 2007, you will
need to click the Office Button, click Save As, and Click Word 97-2003
Document), or
 Press CTRL+S (Depress the CTRL key while pressing the “S”) on the keyboard,
or
 Click the File icon on the Quick Access Toolbar

Renaming Documents
To rename a Word document while using the program:
Click the Office Button and find the file you want to rename.
Right-click the document name with the mouse and select Rename from the
shortcut menu.
Type the new name for the file and press the ENTER key.

Closing a document
To close a document:
Click the Office Button and Click Close
Or go to the top right end of the Msword environment and click the X(close) button.

Editing a document
Typing and inserting Text
To enter text, just start typing! The text will appear where the blinking cursor is
located. Move the cursor by using the arrow buttons on the keyboard or positioning
the mouse and clicking the left button. The keyboard shortcuts listed below are also
helpful when moving through the text of a document:

Move Action Keystroke

Beginning of the line HOME

End of the line END

Top of the document CTRL+HOME

End of the document CTRL+END

SUMMARY

EVALUATION

1. Outline at least three steps for creating a new document.

2. Outline at least two steps for opening an existing document.
3. State at least two steps for saving a document.
4. Carry out the above activities one by one.

CLOSURE: Assignment: Read about Inserting texts/Additional Text

+NOTE

Text can be inserted in a document at any point using any of the following methods:

 Type Text: Put your cursor where you want to add the text and begin typing
 Copy and Paste Text: Highlight the text you wish to copy and right click and
click Copy, put your cursor where you want the text in the document and right
click and click Paste.
 Cut and Paste Text: Highlight the text you wish to copy and right click and click
Cut, put your cursor where you want the text in the document and right click and
click Paste.
 Drag Text: Highlight the text you wish to move, click on it and drag it to the place
where you want the text in the document.

Highlight Text
Highlighting text allows you to use emphasize text as you would if you had a
marker. To highlight text:
 Select the text.
 Click the Highlight Button on the Font Group of the Ribbon, or
 Select the text and right click and select the highlight tool.
 To change the colour of the highlighter click on down arrow next to the highlight
button.

LECT 8

Topic: TABLE CREATION(adequate/full practice)

Specific Objectives: At the end of the lecture, at least 80% of the students should
be able to:

1. define a table.
2. recognize/identify the columns and rows of a given table.
3. outline complete steps for creating a table
4. create a table of ten rows and six columns.

Entry Behaviour: The students have seen and learnt about furniture tables.

Set Induction: Have you seen a furniture table? Can you draw one?

Instructional Materials: Books containing academic/spread sheet tables,

Computers, charts, furniture tables, etc.

Instructional Techniques: Definition, explanation, use of examples,

demonstration, questioning, and reinforcement.
Instructional Procedure
Step1 Introduction/explanation

Teacher: In academic records and files, a table is a list of facts or numbers arranged
in a special order, usually in rows and columns. Tables are used to display data in a
row and column format. This is not the furniture tables which you have been seeing
and can draw using pencils and pen. Teacher: Shows them furniture tables and
file/academic tables.

Students: listen and watch the teacher . Write down facts learnt from the teacher.

Teacher: (continues): Most of you are familiar with furniture tables. You have them
at homes and know what and what we use them for.

The tables we are discussing today are tables for record keeping. In computer
studies, to produce one we use the term ‘table creation’, not table drawing.

Step 2.Table creation: To create a table:

 Place the cursor on the page where you want the new table
 Click the Insert Tab of the Ribbon
 Click the Tables Button on the Tables Group. You can create a table one of
four ways:
 Highlight the number of row and columns.
 Click Insert Table and enter the number of rows and columns.
 Click the Draw Table, create your table by clicking and entering the rows and
columns.
 Click Quick Tables and choose a table.

See the figure below as they appear while you carry out the exercise using
you computer.
The teacher demonstrates it twice and asks the students to practice the
process all through.
Students: Practice as much as possible while the teacher supervises.
Step 3. Enter Data in a Table, modify a table, etc

Place the cursor in the cell where you wish to enter the information. Begin typing.

Modify the Table Structure and Format a Table

To modify the structure of a table:

 Click the table and notice that you have two new tabs on the Ribbon: Design
and Layout. These pertain to the table design and layout.
On the Design Tab, you can choose:

 Table Style Options

 Table Styles
 Draw Borders
To format a table, click the table and then click the Layout Tab on the Ribbon. This
Layout tab allows you to:

 View Gridlines and Properties (from the Table Group).

 Insert Rows and Columns (from the Rows & Columns Group).
 Delete the Table, Rows and/or Columns (from the Rows & Columns Group).
 Merge or Split Cells (from the Merge Group).
 Increase and Decrease cell size (Cell Size Group).
 Align text within the cells and change text directions (Alignment Group).
EVALUATION

1.Define a table.
2.How many columns and rows are there in the table above?
3.Outline the complete steps for creating a table
4.Using Ms word package, create a table of ten rows and six
columns.
Teacher: Supervises what they do, reinforces and encourages them
accordingly

GSE 213 LECTURES 9 & 10

9 Electronic spreadsheet-meaning, Ms-excel, uses

1 Charting and calculation
0
Title: Lesson plan for week 9
Course: GSE213 Introd to Computer studies 2
Level: NCE 200
Topic: Electronic spreadsheet-meaning, Ms-excel, uses

Unit/Credit Load: 1

Specific Objectives: At the end of the lecture at least 80% of the students
should be able to:

1. define and explain the term spreadsheet in computer studies.

2. give examples of packages that are spread sheets
3. explain and illustrate the features of a spreadsheet environment using
Ms excel software/program
4. open a workbook and enter data in a spreadsheet.

Entry Behaviour: The students have treated table and table creation.

Set Induction: What is a table in academic records?

Instructional Materials: Ms excel spread sheet software, computers

Instructional Techniques: Definition, explanation, use of examples, re-

enforcement, etc.
Instructional Procedure:
Step 1 Introduction and explanation
Teacher: Spreadsheets
A spreadsheet is an electronic document that stores various types of data.
There are vertical columns and horizontal rows. A spreadsheet program or
software is used to produce financial records, exam results, and other
alphanumeric database management reports. They include Ms Excel, Quattro-
pro, peach-tree, lotus 1-2-3. A cell in spreadsheet is where the column and row
intersect. A cell can contain data and can be used in calculations of data within
the spreadsheet. An Excel spreadsheet can contain workbooks and
worksheets. The workbook is the holder for related worksheets.

Students: Listen, watch, copy, ask questions if any and answers the teacher’s
questions as well.

Teacher: Microsoft Office Button

The Microsoft Office Button performs many of the functions that were located
in the File menu of older versions of Excel. This button allows you to create a
new workbook, Open an existing workbook, save and save as, print, send, or
close.
Ribbon
The ribbon is the panel at the top portion of the document It has seven tabs: Home,
Insert, Page Layouts, Formulas, Data, Review, and View. Each tab is divided into
groups. The groups are logical collections of features designed to perform function
that you will utilize in developing or editing your Excel spreadsheets.

Commonly utilized features are displayed on the Ribbon. To view additional features
within each group, click the arrow at the bottom right corner of each group.

Home: Clipboard, Fonts, Alignment, Number, Styles, Cells, Editing

Insert: Tables, Illustrations, Charts, Links, Text
Page Layouts: Themes, Page Setup, Scale to Fit, Sheet Options, Arrange
Formulas: Function Library, Defined Names, Formula Auditing, Calculation
Data: Get External Data, Connections, Sort & Filter, Data Tools, Outline
Review: Proofing, Comments, Changes
View: Workbook Views, Show/Hide, Zoom, Window, Macros

Quick Access Toolbar

The quick access toolbar is a customizable toolbar that contains commands that
you may want to use. You can place the quick access toolbar above or below the
ribbon. To change the location of the quick access toolbar, click on the arrow at the
end of the toolbar and click Show Below the Ribbon.

You can also add items to the quick access toolbar. Right click on any item in the
Office Button or the Ribbon and click Add to Quick Access Toolbar and a shortcut
will be added.

Mini Toolbar

A new feature in Office 2007 is the Mini Toolbar. This is a floating toolbar that is
displayed when you select text or right-click text. It displays common formatting
tools, such as Bold, Italics, Fonts, Font Size and Font Colour.

Formulas
This feature allows you to modify calculation options, working with formulas, error
checking, and error checking rules.

Steps 2, 3
Opening a workbook and entering data
Open a Workbook
To open an existing workbook:

 Click the Microsoft Office Button

 Click Open
 Browse to the workbook
 Click the title of the workbook
 Click Open

Entering Data
There are different ways to enter data in Excel: in an active cell or in the formula
bar.
To enter data in an active cell:

 Click in the cell where you want the data

 Begin typing

To enter data into the formula bar

 Click the cell where you would like the data
 Place the cursor in the Formula Bar
 Type in the data

Summary: Summarise the above lesson. Write out the salient facts on the
board for them.

EVALUATION:

1. Define and explain the term spreadsheet in computer studies.

2. Give examples of packages that are spread sheets
3. Explain and illustrate the features of a spreadsheet environment using
Ms excel software/program
4. Open a workbook and enter your first semester year one result(data) in
a spreadsheet(Ms excel).

CLOSURE: Assignment: Read about charting and calculations.

LECTURE 10 CHARTING & CALCULATION

1. CHARTS

Teacher: Charts allow you to present information contained in the worksheet in a

graphic format. Excel offers many types of charts including: Column, Line, Pie, Bar,
Area, Scatter and more. To view the charts available click the Insert Tab on the
Ribbon.

Create a Chart
To create a chart:

 Select the cells that contain the data you want to use in the chart
 Click the Insert tab on the Ribbon
 Click the type of Chart you want to create

Modify a Chart
Once you have created a chart you can do several things to modify the chart.

To move the chart:

 Click the Chart and Drag it another location on the same worksheet, or
 Click the Move Chart button on the Design tab
 Choose the desired location (either a new sheet or a current sheet in the
workbook)

To change the data included in the chart:

 Click the Chart

 Click the Select Data button on the Design tab

To reverse which data are displayed in the rows and columns:

 Click the Chart

 Click the Switch Row/Column button on the Design tab

To modify the labels and titles:

 Click the Chart

 On the Layout tab, click the Chart Title or the Data Labels button
 Change the Title and click Enter

Chart Tools
The Chart Tools appear on the Ribbon when you click on the chart. The tools are
located on three tabs: Design, Layout, and Format.

Within the Design tab you can control the chart type, layout, styles, and location.

Within the Layout tab you can control inserting pictures, shapes and text boxes,
labels, axes, background, and analysis.

Within the Format tab you can modify shape styles, word styles and size of the
chart.

Copy a Chart to Word

 Select the chart
 Click Copy on the Home tab
 Go to the Word document where you want the chart located
 Click Paste on the Home tab

2. CALCULATIONS

Excel Formulas

A formula is a set of mathematical instructions that can be used in Excel to perform

calculations. Formals are started in the formula box with an = sign.

There are many elements to and excel formula.

References: The cell or range of cells that you want to use in your calculation
Operators: Symbols (+, -, *, /, etc.) that specify the calculation to be performed
Constants: Numbers or text values that do not change
Functions: Predefined formulas in Excel

To create a basic formula in Excel:

 Select the cell for the formula

 Type = (the equal sign) and the formula
 Click Enter
Calculate with Functions

A function is a built in formula in Excel. A function has a name and arguments (the
mathematical function) in parentheses. Common functions in Excel:

Sum: Adds all cells in the argument

Average: Calculates the average of the cells in the argument
Min: Finds the minimum value
Max: Finds the maximum value
Count: Finds the number of cells that contain a numerical value within a range of
the argument

To calculate a function:

 Click the cell where you want the function applied

 Click the Insert Function button
 Choose the function
 Click OK

 Complete the Number 1 box with the first cell in the range that you want
calculated
 Complete the Number 2 box with the last cell in the range that you want
calculated

Function Library

The function library is a large group of functions on the Formula Tab of the Ribbon.
These functions include:

AutoSum: Easily calculates the sum of a range

Recently Used: All recently used functions
Financial: Accrued interest, cash flow return rates and additional financial functions
Logical: And, If, True, False, etc.
Text: Text based functions
Date & Time: Functions calculated on date and time
Math & Trig: Mathematical Functions

Relative, Absolute and Mixed References

Calling cells by just their column and row labels (such as "A1") is called relative
referencing.

GSE 213 LECTURES 11, 12 & 13

Title: Lesson plan for week 11

Course: GSE213 Introd to Computer Studies 2

Level: NCE 200

Topic: Uses of computer in education

Unit/Credit Load: 1

Specific Objectives: At the end of the lecture at least 80% of the students
should be able to:

1. state at least three uses of computers in education.

2. explain at least two uses briefly.
3. state what CAI and CAL stand for.

Entry Behaviour: The students have used computers to do many things:

communication, table creation, assignments, etc.

Set Induction: Mention three things you have used computer to do.

Instructional Materials: Computers, students results, examination question

papers, CAI package, etc.

Instructional Techniques: Definition, explanation, use of examples,

demonstration, questioning, and reinforcement.

Instructional Procedure:
Step 1 Introduction
Teacher: Computers are now indispensable tools for education. There are many
dimensions of the uses of computer in education. In as much as education can
take place formally and informally and at many places including homes, offices
and rest houses, to enumerate the uses of computer in education may seem
unnecessary.

Nevertheless, for school and formal education, computer can be used for both
academic and administrative works.

Step 2 Explanation: Computer can be used for typing question papers.

Computer can be used for marking or scoring of objective or multiple choice
exams/tests. It could be used for examination supervision, laboratory
simulation, etc. it could be used for checking attendance and monitoring people
and other activities. It could also be used for processing results, and very much
alive now for instruction or for aiding instruction. The last use sends us to
CAI(Computer Aided or Assisted Instruction) and the mother CAL(Computer
Aided Learning).

Teacher: explains all with familiar examples and other examples that need
further explanations. He asks questions when due, and answers the students’
questions as well.

Students: listen attentively, watch the teacher, answer the teacher’s questions
and ask theirs. They take down the points/facts as the teacher dishes and
explains them.

Summary: Summarise the lecture on the board as above.

EVALUATION:

1. state at least three uses of computers in education.

2. explain at least two uses briefly.
3. state what CAI and CAL stand for.

CLOSURE
Assignment: Read more about CAI and CAL

Lecture 12: CAI/CAL media, applications

Teacher: Recall that, CAI stands for Computer Aided/Assisted Instruction,

while CAL stands for Computer Assisted/Aided Learning. CAI is an integral
part of CAL.
E-learning means electronic learning. It also involves the use of computer (an
electronic device) in learning. E-learning in education is the wholesome
integration of modern telecommunications equipment and ICT resources,
particularly the internet, into the education system. E-learning means electronic
learning. It is a computerised and digital type of education in which texts, audio
or sound, pictures, images, graphics and videos can be simultaneously presented
online to students. Two models of e-learning are the classroom and the distance
education models. E-learning enhances curriculum implementation through the
development and use of multimedia courseware relevant to teaching-learning
situations. Some multimedia courseware, include Learning Activity Package
(LAP), PowerPoint slides and discs/diskettes. Educational/instructional software
may be ready-made or teacher developed.

Computer-Assisted Instruction(CAI) refers to instruction or remediation

presented on a computer. There are many educational programs/software on
CAI. They are available online and at computer stores. CAI programs enhance
teacher education. CAI programs are interactive and can illustrate a concept
through attractive animation, sound and demonstration. They allow students
to progress at their own pace and work individually or in a group. They provide
immediate feedback, letting students know whether their answer is correct. If
the answer is not correct, the program shows students how to correctly
answer the question.
“Computers capture the students’ attention because the programs are
interactive and engage the students’ spirit of competitiveness to increase their
scores.” CAI moves at the students’ pace and usually does not move ahead
until they have mastered the skill. “Programs provide differential lessons to
challenge students who are at risk, average, or gifted.”
What does CAI look like for Mathematics? In Mathematics, CAI programs
demonstrate concepts, instruct, and remediate student errors and
misunderstandings. Many entertaining computer Mathematic games
encourage students to learn while enjoying the experience.
Other programs are useful for instruction or remediation because they
present problems that the student answers (solves). If the answer is correct,
the student is usually rewarded with a “Great job” or an animated response on
the computer screen. If the answer is wrong, the computer demonstrates the
correct way to solve the problem.
CAI has advantages and limitations.
 Advantages of CAI:
 One-to-one interaction
 Great motivator
 Freedom to experiment with different options
 Instantaneous response/immediate feedback to the answers elicited
 Self-pacing: allow students to proceed at their own pace
 Helps teacher devote more time to individual students
 Privacy: helps the shy and slow learner to learn
 Individual attention
 Learn more and more rapidly
 Multimedia helps to understand difficult concepts through multi sensory
approach
 Self directed learning:-students can decide when, and what to learn.
Others may outline the advantages thus:
It can store considerable amount of information;
It can select from it at a great speed;
It can present the learner with print and animated diagrams;
It can respond to contributions typed in by the learners;
It gives immediate feedback to the individual learner;
It deals differently with different learners;
It can be used for different activities such as intuition, simulation and data
crunching.
CAI can be wonderful, but it is not yet perfect. It still has some weaknesses or
limitations.
Limitations of CAI
 One may feel overwhelmed by the information and resources available
 Over use of multimedia may divert learners’ attention from the concept
 Learning becomes too mechanical
 Non availability of good CAI packages
 Lack of infrastructure
Lecture 13. Demonstration of education instruction on CDs e.g. Maths,
English, etc.
Here, this lecture will demonstrate practically CAI, using a CD on
Mathematics developed by Raimoz computers Int’l. JS Mathematics CAI.
It is a practical/demonstration lecture.
Revision & practical continue…till examination
MAY GOD BLESS U.
THE END.