ECDO Data-Driven Primer Part 1/2: Current Understanding of the Exothermic

Core-Mantle Decoupling Dzhanibekov Oscillation (ECDO) “Earth Flip” Theory

Junho
Website: sovrynn.github.io
ECDO Research Repo: github.com/sovrynn/ecdo
junhobtc@proton.me

Abstract 1. Introduction
Stories of a great flood are not new - in fact, they are
In May 2024, a pseudonymous online author by the
found in every major culture across the globe, spanning all
name of “The Ethical Skeptic” [56] shared a ground-
cradles of civilization. Plotting (Figure 1) a compilation
breaking theory called the Exothermic Core-Mantle De-
of 267 flood stories [65] shows that practically all areas of
coupling Dzhanibekov Oscillation (ECDO) [59]. This the-
inhabited Earth contain stories of floods.
ory suggests that Earth has previously experienced sudden,
catastrophic shifts in its rotational axis, triggering massive
worldwide floods as the oceans spilled over the continents
due to rotational inertia. Additionally, it presents an ex-
planatory geophysical process and data indicating that an-
other such flip may be imminent. While such cataclysmic
flood and doomsday predictions are not new, the ECDO
theory is uniquely compelling due to its scientific, modern,
multidisciplinary, and data-based approach.
This paper is the first part of a two-part condensed sum-
mary of six months of independent research [29, 64] into
the ECDO theory. It highlights three key points:

1. An ECDO-like ’Earth flip’ has occurred multiple

times in humanity’s recent history, as evidenced by
flood myths and geological signs of widespread
continental flooding. Figure 1. Locations of flood stories around the world [65].
2. The approximate direction and magnitude of past
Earth flips can be determined. A closer look at these flood stories shows us that these
were no ordinary floods, but rather, destructive cataclysms
3. Recent geomagnetic and geophysical data suggest accompanied by floods that wiped the continents clean.
that another Earth flip may be imminent, and that
climate change may be caused by changes deep inside 1.1. Native American Cataclysm Stories
the Earth rather than humans. Native American stories contain some of the most vivid
accounts of Earth’s great cataclysms. The Hopi, a Na-
Additionally, I cover the causative physics behind an tive American tribe that lives in northeastern Arizona, say
“Earth flip” proposed by the ECDO theory. that, ”..Sótuknang called on the Ant People to open up
In this paper, I remain objective by focusing on hard their underground world for the chosen people. When they
data, avoid compelling but speculative parts of the theory, were safely underground, Sótuknang commanded the twins,
and emphasize that this is a topic which humanity has an Pöqánghoya and Palöngawhoya, to leave their posts at the
urgent need to investigate further. north and south ends of the world’s axis, where they were
stationed to keep the earth properly rotating. The twins had

1
hardly abandoned their stations when the world, with no peror ordered that all efforts be made to open outlets for the
one to control it, teetered off balance, spun around crazily, waters that were caught in the valleys between the moun-
then rolled over twice. Mountains plunged into seas with a tains. For many years the population labored, trying to free
great splash, seas and lakes sloshed over the land; and as the plains and valleys of the waters of the flood by digging
the world spun through cold and lifeless space it froze into channels and draining the fields. For a considerable num-
solid ice” [72]. ber of years all efforts were in vain. The minister who was
Many of these stories precisely describe the massive in charge of this urgent and immense work, Khwan, was
scale of flooding, recounting how the oceans rose to sub- sentenced to death because of his failure... and only his son
merge all but the highest mountain peaks. The Skokomish Yu succeeded in draining the land. This achievement was
Indians, living in Washington state, tell how, ”The Great so highly rated that Yu became emperor of China after King
Spirit, angry with the wickedness of people and animals, Shun, first successor to Yahou” [69].
decided to rid the earth of all but the good animals, one It would seem that not only was China flooded, but there
good man, and his family. At the Great Spirit’s direction, was a need to remeasure the cardinal directions and the
the man shot an arrow into a cloud, then another arrow movements of the sun and moon, which implies that Earth’s
into that arrow, and so on, making a rope of arrows from rotation may have changed during the flood: ”This emperor
the cloud to the ground. The good animals and people sent scholars to different parts of China, and even to Indo-
climbed up. Bad animals and snakes started to climb up, China, to find out the location of north, west, east, and
but the man broke off the rope. Then the Great Spirit south by observing the direction of the sun’s rising and
caused many days of rain, flooding up to the snow line setting and the motion of the stars. He also charged his as-
of Takhoma (Mount Ranier). After all the bad people and tronomers to find out the duration of seasons, and to draw
animals were drowned, the Great Spirit stopped the rain, up a new calendar... ”Thereupon Yaou [Yahou] commanded
the waters slowly dropped, and the good people and ani- He and Ho, in reverent accordance with the wide heavens,
mals climbed down” [65]. For reference, Mount Rainier is to calculate and delineate the movements and appearances
an active volcano in Washington with a peak elevation of of the sun, the moon, the stars, and the zodiacal spaces; and
4392.5 m above sea level. to deliver respectfully the seasons to the people”” [69].
The flood story from the Makah Indians of Washing- Records of cataclysms in Chinese history actually date
ton state specifically mentions a multi-phase flood of ”very back long before the Xia Dynasty, reaching as early as the
warm” waters, indicating that this was no normal flood: Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors period [15]. Nüwa,
”The ocean rose high enough to cut off the cape. Then it one of the Three Sovereigns and a central Creation figure in
withdrew, reaching its low ebb four days later, leaving Neah Chinese history, stopped the flood during a cataclysm where
Bay high and dry. Then it rose again to cover all but the the Earth changed rotation: ”There was a quarrel between
mountain tops. The rising waters were very warm. Peo- two of the more powerful gods, and they decided to settle it
ple with canoes loaded their belongings and were borne far with a fight. When the water god Gong Gong saw that he
to the north. Many died when their canoes were caught in was losing, he smashed his head against Mount Buzhou , a
trees. The sea returned to normal after four more days, and pillar holding up the sky. The pillar collapsed and caused
the people found themselves far to the north, where their the sky to tilt towards the northwest and the earth to shift
descendants still live” [65]. to the southeast. This caused great calamities, such as un-
ending fires, vast floods, and the appearance of fierce man-
1.2. Chinese Cataclysm Stories eating beasts. Nüwa cut off the legs of a giant tortoise and
used them to supplant the fallen pillar, alleviating the situ-
On the other side of the Pacific Ocean, modern Chinese
ation and sealing the broken sky using stones of seven dif-
civilization is said to have begun with a great flood. The
ferent colours, but she was unable to fully correct the tilted
Xia dynasty, estimated to have existed around 2000 BCE,
sky” [75].
was created by Yu the Great, who stopped the Great Flood
of Gun-Yu [38]. During his time, ”... the miracle is said to
1.3. European, Mayan, Middle Eastern, and South-
have happened that the sun during a span of ten days did
east Asian Cataclysm Stories
not set, the forests were ignited, and a multitude of abom-
inable vermin was brought forth... An immense wave ”that As there are far too many cataclysm stories to detail
reached the sky” fell down on the land of China. ”The wa- within this paper, I will include a brief mention of some
ter was well up on the high mountains, and the foot-hills of the other notable cultures with such stories. Greek litera-
could not be seen at all”... ”Destructive in their overflow ture contains three flood stories, that of Deucalion, Ogyges,
are the waters of the inundation,” said the emperor. ”In and Dardanus [62, 32]. During the former, ”After nine days
their vast extent they embrace the hills and overtop the great of flood, the world was destroyed, and the ark rested on top
heights, threatening the heavens with their floods.” The em- of Mount Parnassus”, which has a peak elevation of 2,457

2
meters [7]. Mayan literature believes there were four dif- Cataclysm Type Count Occurrence %
ferent Suns prior to the current Sun, and that the age of the
Deluge/flood 84 71.79
fourth Sun, Calchiuhtlicue, ended with a world-destroying
flood around 3100 BCE and the birth of the current fifth sun Conflagration/firestorm 39 33.33
[39]. In the Middle East, Biblical chronology contains the Topographical changes 29 24.79
famous Noah’s flood, and the Epic of Gilgamesh, a Babylo- Stellar derangement 15 12.82
nian poem, tells a similar story [21]. Southeast Asian cul- Collapsed sky 15 12.82
tures are also rich with flood stories - for example, the Ot
Prolonged darkness 14 11.97
Danum people of Indonesia say that, ”A great deluge once
drowned many people. A few people survived by escaping Lost lands and lakes 12 10.26
in boats to the one mountain peak remaining above water. Cyclonic winds 10 8.55
They dwelt there for three months until the flood subsided” Axial/rotational changes 9 7.69
[65]. The island of Borneo, which they reside on, has a peak Boiling rivers/lakes/oceans 8 6.84
elevation of 4,095 meters.
Table 1. Occurrences of Catastrophic Effects in Stories
1.4. Statistical Cataclysm Story Analysis
Evidently, these stories depict deluges that were often 2. Physical Evidence for an Oceanic Flood
accompanied by other kinds of catastrophic geophysical Corroborating the flood stories are various forms of
forces. An analysis of 117 cataclysm stories (Table 1) physical evidence of widespread oceanic inundation lying
shows that firestorms, topographical changes, and changes on the surface of Earth’s continents. The most direct such
in Earth’s rotation are often recorded as having occurred to- forms of evidence include salt (saltwater, salt pans, and salt
gether with great deluges [2]: mines) and marine (oceanic) fossils, which cover large ar-
The specificity of flood stories arising from a multitude eas of Earth’s continental landmass. Figure 2 shows a plot
of independent cultures across the globe, along with match- of saltwater (blue), salt pans and mines (brown), and ma-
ing stories of other cataclysmic occurrences, suggests that rine fossils [35, 79, 68, 28], illustrating the extent of these
these flood stories may be direct accounts of disasters that oceanic inundation markers.
actually happened. Some of the most interesting areas containing saltwater

Figure 2. A global plot of marine (oceanic) fossils, saltwater, and salt pans/mines [35, 79, 68, 28].

3
 of ”long, drawn-out processes”. Such anomalies are best
explained through catastrophic geophysical forces, and are
explored in part two of this paper.
Additionally, geomagnetic pole excursions and reversals
are widely accepted as a recurring phenomenon of Earth,
based on paleomagnetic data [33, 41, 45]. However, mod-
ern science fails to explain exactly why and how these pole
reversals occur.

3. ECDO and the Pyramids of Giza

The Khafre and Khufu pyramids of Giza are one of the
key focal points in Ethical Skeptic’s ECDO thesis [58], as
they not only provide evidence of a sustained temporary
Figure 3. A topographical map of the Himalayas depicting saltwa- oceanic inundation but also signal the potential direction
ter (teal), dried salt (white), and marine fossils (red) [35, 79, 68, of Earth’s ECDO flips, suggesting that our ancestors were
28]. able to measure Earth’s cataclysms and had the engineer-
ing skills to embed this knowledge in massive, highly en-
gineered stone structures. These two pyramids, supposedly
are the Himalayan highlands of Tibet and the Andes moun-
built around 2500 BCE as tombs for pharaohs Khufu and
tains of South America, both areas with an average eleva-
Khafre, both lie in northern Egypt at approximately (30 N,
tion of 4000 meters, the former depicted in Figure 3. The
31 E). They have bases over 200 meters long, and are about
flood stories of Tibet say that, ”Tibet was almost totally
140 meters tall. The Khufu Pyramid was constructed using
inundated, until the god Gya took compassion on the sur-
approximately 2.3 million limestone blocks, each weighing
vivors, drew off the waters through Bengal, and sent teach-
an average of more than two tons [52, 78].
ers to civilize the people, who until then had been little bet-
There is a great deal of uncertainty surrounding the ori-
ter than monkeys” [65]. Peruvian myths describe mountain-
gins of these pyramids, which Ethical Skeptic covers in his
building occurring in concert with mountain-topping floods:
thesis. He points out numerous inconsistencies in the con-
”The shepherd and his six children gathered all the food
ventional narrative surrounding the pyramids, suggesting, at
and sheep they could and took them to the top of the very tall
best, significant confusion regarding the age and history of
mountain Ancasmarca. As the flood water rose, the moun-
the pyramids:
tain rose higher, so its top was never submerged, and the
mountain later sank with the water. The six children re- • Carbon dating of nearby ancient mortars and tomb
populated the province after the flood” [65]. robber tools indicate that the pyramids were likely
While the uniformitarian school of geological thought built much earlier than conventionally believed.
ascribes anomalies such as salt and marine fossils to drawn-
out processes occurring over millions of years, humanity’s • So-called quarry marks found in the internal Khufu
flood stories should lead us to question that line of think- pyramid chambers are suspicious in their placement,
ing. If the ocean really did flood over the continents, then material, preservation state, usage of Egyptian
saltwater and marine fossils, easily discovered across vast hieroglyphs, and timing/nature of discovery,
expanses of high-elevation land, are exactly what we would indicating they may be forgeries. They also differ
expect to find. from other genuine ancient ochre markings found in
another part of the pyramid.
2.1. Additional Physical Anomalies
• Differential karst erosion on the nearby Sphinx does
There are numerous other forms of anomalies that uni- not align with the conventional narrative regarding its
formitarian science fails to explain. Perfectly preserved construction.
flash-frozen mammoths buried in mud with meat still edi-
ble after thousands of years [24, 31, 67], massive sheets of One of the key areas of investigation in Ethical Skeptic’s
stacked horizontally deposited sediment in North America thesis is the differential, patterned erosion on the exterior
spanning 2.4 million km2 [74], mega-current ripple land- of the Khafre Pyramid, depicted in Figure 4. The tip of the
scapes [13], and erratic stones originating from hundreds of pyramid maintains its original soft Tura limestone outer cas-
kilometers away lying perched on mountaintops [22, 76] are ing, which once covered the entire pyramid. This limestone
just some of the phenomena that modern uniformitarian ge- casing tip is lightly weathered, but lies directly above a nar-
ology simply hand-waves away with catch-all explanations row, heavily karst-eroded layer, exposing the harder Mohs 7

4
 Figure 4. A diagram showing the differential, patterned karst erosion caused by a sustained, temporary sea level rise [58].

Figure 5. The interior shafts and chambers of the Khufu Pyramid, which Ethical Skeptic proposes was a tripartite geophysical monitoring
observatory for ECDO events [57].

5
Mokkatam limestone used for the inner structural blocks of ber’s pointed towards the celestial north pole. This begs the
the pyramid. Below that, the body of the pyramid maintains question - what do the other ends of the shafts point towards,
a heavily karst-eroded Mohs 4 Tura limestone layer. The and why were they both built with an angle of 104 degrees?
key here is that the softer Tura limestone used in the exter- Ethical Skeptic proposes that these were built to align with
nal casing of the pyramid, consisting of CaCO3 , can be dis- the celestial north pole following a 104-degree ECDO flip.
solved in water under the right conditions. Ethical Skeptic
cites the selective heavy karst erosion layer stopping at the 4. Evidence for a 104-Degree Rotation Along
hard Mokkatam limestone, wave-pattern erosion at the cor-
ners of the tip, and the difference between the slight weath-
the 31st Meridian
ering of the elevated tip and the heavy karst erosion of the Ethical Skeptic thus proposes that the Earth experiences
lower body of the pyramid, as clear evidence of a sustained recurring 104-degree flips along the 31st meridian, along
rise in oceanic level that also quickly receded [58]. which the Khufu Pyramid and its dual shafts lie. Figure 6
Ethical Skeptic also focuses heavily on the internal de- depicts the predicted rotation, along with east (Indonesia,
sign and state of the Khufu pyramid (Figure 5) in his investi- 121 degrees E) and west (South America, 59 degrees W)
gation [57]. The Khufu pyramid contains several chambers ”pivots”, the two locations that wouldn’t shift position af-
(the King’s, Queen’s and Subterranean Chambers), various ter a flip along the 31st meridian. After the Earth rotates to
corridors and shafts, as well as two pairs of so-called ”air this new state, it is expected to remain there briefly (a few
shafts”, with one pair each radiating out from the King’s decades to centuries) before returning to its current ”nor-
and Queen’s Chambers [77, 6]. In this paper, we will cover mal” state [60].
solely the most critical parts of Ethical Skeptic’s investi- One particularly relevant cataclysm story is told by
gation - the orientation and design of the two pairs of ”air Herodotus, the most famous historian in ancient Greece,
shafts”, as these encode important information about the di- who lived in the fifth century BCE [71]. In his book
rection of Earth’s ECDO flips. ”An Account of Egypt”, Herodotus recounts how Egyptian
The key here is understanding that the shafts were built priests told him, ”...from the first king down to this priest
to point very precisely towards certain directions. First off, of Hephaistos who reigned last, there had been three hun-
both pairs of shafts currently point directly north and south. dred and forty-one generations of men... but three hundred
Additionally, they were each built with an inner angle of generations of men are equal to ten thousand years, for a
104 degrees. hundred years is three generations of men... Thus in the pe-
The most telling clue, however, is a celestial star map riod of eleven thousand three hundred and forty years they
carved on the interior of one of the Queen’s shafts. This said that there had arisen no god in human form; nor even
star map is centered around a celestial north pole orienta- before that time or afterwards among the remaining kings
tion from approximately 9600 to 9200 BCE, based on the who arose in Egypt, did they report that anything of that
precession of the equinoxes [57]. This suggests a deliberate kind had come to pass. In this time they said that the sun
orientation of the shafts, and that at the time of construc- had moved four times from his accustomed place of ris-
tion, one pair of shafts from the King and Queen’s Cham- ing, and where he now sets he had thence twice had his

Figure 6. A depiction of the proposed ECDO rotation going 104 degrees north along the 31st E meridian, with crosses depicting the eastern
and western pivots and a red marker depicting the Khufu Pyramid.

6
rising, and in the place from whence he now rises he had
twice had his setting; and in the meantime nothing in Egypt
had been changed from its usual state, neither that which
comes from the earth nor that which comes to them from
the river nor that which concerns diseases or deaths” [23].
The priest of Hephaistos can be dated to the early 7th cen-
tury BCE, as he was contemporary to Sennacherib, the king
of the Neo-Assyrian Empire, as stated by Herodotus himself
[23, 44, 30].
This story is important because it tells us that when the
Sun moved in Egypt, it specifically switched its place of
rising and setting. This could only happen if Egypt flipped
180 degrees and remained on a similar latitude. When we
take into account the design of the pyramids and the data
covered in the next subsection, we can infer that Egypt may
lie on the meridian along which the Earth rotates to its new
position (the 31st east meridian).
Egypt is the only location on Earth with a story mention-
ing that the Sun specifically switched its place of rising and
setting. In fact, the only other story on Earth detailing a
specific direction of Earth’s rotation is China’s Nüwa story,
which says that, ”The pillar collapsed and caused the sky
to tilt towards the northwest and the earth to shift to the
southeast” [75]. This direction of rotation also aligns with
the proposed rotation direction. Figure 7. Virtual geomagnetic pole paths for (a) the Iceland Basin
excursion and (b) the Laschamp excursion [33].
4.1. Physical Evidence for a 104-Degree Rotation
Along the 31st Meridian
The physical evidence supporting this direction of rota-
tion includes paleomagnetic, tectonic, desert, biodiversity,
paleocurrent, and glacial erratic data.
A study of paleomagnetic data preserving the geomag-
netic pole paths of the Iceland Basin and Laschamp excur-
sions [33], depicted in Figure 7, shows the poles rotating
approximately around the eastern ECDO pivot of (0 N, 121
E). This data is recorded in certain kinds of magnetic min-
erals in rocks that formed during the pole excursions, pre-
serving information about the direction and intensity of the
Earth’s magnetic field at that time.
A study of shear (fault) planes in the Earth’s crust (Figure Figure 8. A depiction of shear patterns in the Earth’s crust [43].
8), where the crust of the Earth has fractured or deformed,
also follows the same pattern. Felix Meinesz, a Dutch geo-
physicist, explains in his paper [43] that the most likely rea- glacial erratics, which are rocks that have been picked
son for this pattern is a shift in Earth’s rotational axis. up, supposedly by glaciers, and deposited elsewhere onto
The locations of the world’s major deserts and biodiver- bedrock that is of a different rock type than the erratic rock.
sity hotspots also align with this pattern. The deserts exist in In Great Britain, these erratics follow expected flow paths
locations that are expected to be flooded heavily with sed- consistent with an ECDO rotation [17, 18].
iment, while biodiversity hotspots exist in areas that aren’t
hit as heavily by the oceanic displacement [57]. This align- 5. Causative Physics Behind an ECDO Flip
ment is depicted in Figure 9.
Such alignments to the predicted ECDO rotational path The principle behind a rapid change in Earth’s rotational
also exist in the sediment paleocurrents preserved in the axis lies in the physics of rotating objects. The canonical
sandstone layers of the western United States [74], and example of this is the Dzhanibekov effect, discovered by

7
 Figure 9. A depiction of the world’s major deserts and the alternating biodiversity hotspots [57].

Figure 10. A depiction of the Dzhanibekov effect [57].

Russian astronaut Vladimir Dzhanibekov [11], and depicted in Earth’s rotational axis over time. Rather, we believe that
in Figure 10. An object that is not spinning perfectly on one the Earth experiences periodical, sudden disruptions in its
of its three principal axes of inertia will not maintain a fixed physical structure, leading to a decoupling of its ”outer ro-
rotational axis. If it is rotating close to its second principal tational” (crust/mantle) and ”inner rotational bodies” (core).
axis, it will undergo what appear to be sudden shifts in ro- Without an external input, the law of conservation of angu-
tation. While this is not exactly what we believe happens lar momentum states that Earth cannot suddenly change its
during Earth’s rapid flips, the point is that in the absence of rotational axis, so a decoupling of outer and inner rotational
external forces, only rotational physics can explain a rapid bodies is one of the few things, barring an external impact
change in rotational axis of the Earth. on Earth, that could cause a sudden and abrupt flip.
To be precise, the Earth almost certainly does not ex- The specific process which drives the internal disruption
perience a simple and uniform Dzhanibekov effect. If this in the Earth is believed to be a state change in the structure
were the case, we would be able to detect a gradual shift of iron that makes up the core of the Earth (Figure 11). The

8
 Figure 11. Depiction of the inner Earth processes that lead to the ECDO flip [66].

inner core is made up of hexagonal close-packed Iron (Fe)

[36]. As this hcp-Fe is converted into a liquid metallic state,
it releases kinetic energy, and is sloughed into the outer
core. This phase change reduces the core’s magnetic perme-
ability, weakening the geomagnetic field, and releases heat,
creating LLVP (large low-velocity shear province) struc-
tures (Figure 12) [42] in the mantle, and heating up the
Earth’s surface via the abyssal oceans. Both trends have
been well documented in recent centuries and are discussed
later in this paper.
This same process inside the Earth, occurring in a reverse
fashion, is also believed to drive the shift back to Earth’s
current rotational state relatively soon after the flip occurs.

6. Evidence for an Impending Earth Flip

There is strong reason to believe that we are on the brink
of another Earth flip. A cataclysm has not occurred for sev- Figure 12. A detailed visual of the LLVP under South Africa [57].
eral millennia, which is approximately the frequency with
which these events seem to happen based on historical ac-
counts and data. The strongest data supporting an impend- in 1590 and 2025 [25, 49]. As shown in the figure, the field
ing flip comes from recent geomagnetic data, which indi- has weakened significantly.
cates that the Earth’s geomagnetic field has been weakening Another metric for the weakening geomagnetic field is
for approximately two thousand years. This weakening has the position of the geomagnetic north pole (Figure 14). Ge-
been accelerating and has reached alarming rates in the last omagnetic north has historically been located in the Cana-
few decades. dian Arctic. However, it has been wandering slowly over
Depicted in Figure 13 is the geomagnetic field of Earth the last several centuries, and accelerated significantly a few

9
Figure 13. A depiction of the weakening geomagnetic field from 1590 to 2025. Calculated using the gufm1 and IGRF-14 models [25, 49].

Figure 15. Deep (>2000 m depth) ocean warming rates from 1991
to 2010, circled in red [14].
Figure 14. The position of the geomagnetic north pole from 1590
to 2025, depicted in 5-year increments [48].

the Earth. According to the ECDO theory, these disruptions

decades ago. It is now moving rapidly towards Russia at a expel heat and eventually lead to the decoupling of the man-
rate of 55 kilometers per year [47]. tle and the core, causing an Earth flip [59].
Earth’s magnetic field is believed to be generated by an There is considerable data corroborating the presence of
inner dynamo - circular columns of magma currents moving exothermic inner Earth processes. A warming Earth is doc-
in the Earth’s outer core due to its rotation [8]. A weakening umented in rising continental and oceanic surface tempera-
geomagnetic field is a symptom of disruptions deep inside tures [46, 9], rising atmospheric CO2 levels moving in sync

10
with Earth’s heat plumes [66, 50], and a decrease in global anomalies, and seismic and volcanic data can also help us
sea ice extent [4]. The data suggests that rising CO2 levels get a better prediction of when the next Earth flip may hap-
and temperatures are not the cause of ”man-made” climate pen.
change but rather, downstream effects of an exothermic core
[66]. 8. ECDO Historical Timeline
Most significantly, studies of warming rates in the deep
ocean (depth >2000 meters) show that not only are the deep While establishing an exact timeline for past ECDO
oceans warming, the strongest warming rates are found in events is difficult, it seems that there were at least 2 ECDO
the abyssal layer (4000 - 6000 m). This deepsea warming events during the Holocene. Note the account told by
has a centroid below 4000 meters [14, 66], which would Herodotus from Egyptian priests that, ”from the first king
not be possible if the oceans were being heated from above down to this priest of Hephaistos who reigned last, there
by the atmosphere. Such data provides strong support to the had been three hundred and forty-one generations of men...
case that recent climate and geomagnetic changes are driven In this time they said that the sun had moved four times
by processes deep inside the Earth. Figure 15 depicts global from his accustomed place of rising, and where he now sets
deep-ocean warming rates from 1991 to 2010 [14]. he had thence twice had his rising, and in the place from
whence he now rises he had twice had his setting” [23].
Plato, who lived during the fifth century BCE [10], stated
7. Modeling The Impending Earth Flip
that after the flood that drowned Atlantis in a single day and
Predicting the timing of Earth’s next flip is a complex night 9,000 years before, ”there have since been many del-
task. Currently, the best model we have for this lies in the uges, and the remnant who survived in the mountains were
geomagnetic field of the Earth - the South Atlantic Anomaly ignorant of the art of writing, and during many generations
(SAA). This region over the South Atlantic has the weakest were wholly devoted to acquiring the means of life” [54],
geomagnetic field strength and is defined as the area with a which suggests there were more than two flips since the
field strength below 32,000 nanoteslas [12], which was the end of the Younger Dryas circa 9700 BCE. The physical
weakest field value in 1590. The South Atlantic Anomaly’s evidence covered throughout this paper and in my research
surface area increased from 1% of Earth’s surface in 1590 [29] provides ample evidence for Plato’s account.
to 21% in 2025 [61]. The most recent candidate date for an ECDO flip is
In order to get an estimate for when the Earth could flip, I during the period of 2300 to 1600 BCE, to which many
fit the SAA surface extent data to a power-law tipping point cataclysmic flood accounts (Gun-Yu [70, 1, 82], Ogyges
equation, which models a complex system approaching a [81, 20], Peru [40, 55], Exodus [26]), civilizational de-
critical transition, at which the system undergoes a dramatic structions and abandonments (Mohenjo-Daro [27], Minoan
and abrupt change. My calculations yielded a predicted tip- Crete[16, 19]) and physical anomalies (bond events [5], 4.2
ping point date of March 13, 2059 (Figure 16). This predic- kiloyear event [63]) have been dated. There is no ample
tion would become more and more accurate the closer we convergence of evidence more recent than this suggesting a
get to the transition [61]. major catastrophic event.
Other metrics such as rotational axis wander, weather
9. Conclusion
Operation NANOOK was a Cold War reconnaissance ef-
fort of the United States to map the Arctic and the northern
Soviet Coast after WWII [80]. During their investigation,
they discovered that the magnetic pole was 125 to 200 miles
north of where it was supposed to be based on findings from
earlier expeditions. Accordingly, ”Among the government
scientists, the question arose as to what would happen when
the magnetic and geographic poles coincided. To answer
this, under the project control of Dr. Paul A. Siple, the Rand
Corporation was contracted to conduct lab studies using
models of the earth constructed of concentric spheres – an
inner sphere representing the electromagnetically-charged
molten iron core of the earth whose axis defined the “mag-
netic” poles; and an outer sphere representing the crust
Figure 16. A tipping point calculation based on the South Atlantic of the earth which rotated around a “geographic” polar
Anomaly points to a date of March 13, 2059 [25, 49]. axis. It was determined through repeated experimentation

11
that as the “magnetic” pole approached the “geographic” are always children: there is not such a thing as an old
pole, the “magnetic” pole would at some point accelerate Greek.” And on hearing this he asked, “What mean you by
its rate of convergence as though pulled toward the “geo- this saying?” And the priest replied, “You are young in soul,
graphic” pole by centripetal force and jump to coincide; but every one of you. For therein you possess not a single be-
instead of the poles coinciding, the “magnetic” pole would lief that is ancient and derived from old tradition, nor yet
rapidly “flip” around the “geographic” pole, then spin off one science that is hoary with age. And this is the cause
towards the equator as though by centrifugal force, ending thereof: There have been and there will be many and divers
up at a position where the two axes assumed an approximate destructions of mankind, of which the greatest are by fire
89-degree divergence. After this polar “flip” occurred, the and water, and lesser ones by countless other means. For in
axes would then gradually begin to reconverge over a long truth the story that is told in your country as well as ours,
period of time” [73, 51]. how once upon a time Phaethon, son of Helios, yoked his fa-
Subsequently, ”At one of the scientific meetings that Ma- ther’s chariot, and, because he was unable to drive it along
jor White attended in the Pentagon in early 1948, the sci- the course taken by his father, burnt up all that was upon the
entists discussed the advisability of alerting the public to earth and himself perished by a thunderbolt — that story, as
the pending polar-flip phenomenon. None of the scientists it is told, has the fashion of a legend, but the truth of it lies
would agree to withhold the information from the public; in the occurrence of a shifting of the bodies in the heavens
but, on the other hand, neither could they agree on how to which move round the earth, and a destruction of the things
release it. The knowledge of this phenomenon, some felt, on the earth by fierce fire, which recurs at long intervals.
could in itself destroy the moral fiber of society. Their fears At such times all they that dwell on the mountains and in
were apparently unfounded when, in the early 1950s, in- high and dry places suffer destruction more than those who
formation about the flip phenomenon was released in both dwell near to rivers or the sea; and in our case the Nile, our
a newspaper column and a magazine article, but surpris- Saviour in other ways, saves us also at such times from this
ingly generated no responses from an apparently stunned, calamity by rising high. And when, on the other hand, the
parochial or incredulous public” [73, 51]. Gods purge the earth with a flood of waters, all the herds-
Why are we not paying attention to this? There is am- men and shepherds that are in the mountains are saved, but
ple reason to believe that the Earth has flipped before. This those in the cities of your land are swept into the sea by
paper, along with part two of the paper, provide a dense the streams; whereas In our country neither then nor at any
summary of a great convergence of evidence from many ar- other time does the water pour down over our fields from
eas suggesting that this is the case, such as flood stories all above, on the contrary it all tends naturally to well up from
over the world, salt and marine fossils covering the con- below. Hence it is, for these reasons, that what is here pre-
tinents, ancient underground shelters, animal remains, and served is reckoned to be most ancient; the truth being that
cataclysmic geological landscapes. Humans are supposedly in every place where there is no excessive heat or cold to
hundreds of thousands of years old, yet modern history only prevent it there always exists some human stock, now more,
goes back several thousand years. Might it not be the case now less in number. And if any event has occurred that is
that every so often, the Earth flips, the continents are wiped noble or great or in any way conspicuous, whether it be in
clean, and we are forced to return to square one - the Stone your country or in ours or in some other place of which we
Age - reducing our records of ancient history to a hand- know by report, all such events are recorded from of old and
ful of cataclysmic stories? If so, then preventing this from preserved here in our temples; whereas your people and the
happening again may be one of humanity’s most important others are but newly equipped, every time, with letters and
tasks. all such arts as civilized States require and when, after the
usual interval of years, like a plague, the flood from heaven
In closing, I shall leave you with this account recounted comes sweeping down afresh upon your people, it leaves
in Timaeus, written by Plato, of a conversation between none of you but the unlettered and uncultured, so that you
Solon, an Athenian statesman, and Egyptian priests [53]: become young as ever, with no knowledge of all that hap-
”And on one occasion, when [Solon] wished to draw them pened in old times in this land or in your own. Certainly the
on to discourse on ancient history, he attempted to tell them genealogies which you related just now, Solon, concerning
the most ancient of our traditions, concerning Phoroneus, the people of your country, are little better than children’s
who was said to be the first man, and Niobe; and he went tales; for, in the first place, you remember but one deluge,
on to tell the legend about Deucalion and Pyrrha after the though many had occurred previously; and next, you are
Flood, and how they survived it, and to give the geneol- ignorant of the fact that the noblest and most perfect race
ogy of their descendants; and by recounting the number of amongst men were born in the land where you now dwell,
years occupied by the events mentioned he tried to calcu- and from them both you yourself are sprung and the whole
late the periods of time. Whereupon one of the priests, a of your existing city, out of some little seed that chanced to
prodigiously old man, said, “O Solon, Solon, you Greeks

12
be left over; but this has escaped your notice because for
many generations the survivors died with no power to ex-
press themselves in writing. For verily at one time, Solon,
before the greatest destruction by water, what is now the
Athenian State was the bravest in war and supremely well
organized also in all other respects. It is said that it pos-
sessed the most splendid works of art and the noblest polity
of any nation under heaven of which we have heard tell”.
These same priests, of course, also told Solon about the
ancient civilization of Atlantis: ”For all that we have here,
lying within the mouth of which we speak, is evidently a
haven having a narrow entrance; but that yonder is a real
ocean, and the land surrounding it may most rightly be
called, in the fullest and truest sense, a continent. Now in
this island of Atlantis there existed a confederation of kings,
of great and marvellous power, which held sway over all
the island, and over many other islands also and parts of
the continent; and, moreover, of the lands here within the
Straits they ruled over Libya as far as Egypt, and over Eu-
rope as far as Tyrrhenia. So this host, being all gathered
together, made an attempt one time to enslave by one single
onslaught both your country and ours and the whole of the
territory within the Straits. And then it was, Solon, that the
manhood of your State showed itself conspicuous for valor
and might in the sight of all the world. For it stood pre-
eminent above all in gallantry and all warlike arts, and act-
ing partly as leader of the Greeks, and partly standing alone
by itself when deserted by all others, after encountering the
deadliest perils, it defeated the invaders and reared a tro-
phy; whereby it saved from slavery such as were not as yet
enslaved, and all the rest of us who dwell within the bounds
of Heracles it ungrudgingly set free. But at a later time
there occurred portentous earthquakes and floods, and one
grievous day and night befell them, when the whole body of
your warriors was swallowed up by the earth, and the is-
land of Atlantis in like manner was swallowed up by the sea
and vanished”.

10. Acknowledgments
Thanks to Ethical Skeptic, the original author of the
ECDO thesis, for completing his insightful, groundbreak-
ing thesis and sharing it with the world. His tri-part thesis
[59] remains the seminal work for Exothermic Core-Mantle
Decoupling Dzhanibekov Oscillation (ECDO) theory, and
contains much more information on the topic than I have
covered briefly here.
Thanks to Ankit, who processed the cataclysm compila-
tion data in Table 1.
And of course, thanks to the giants whose shoulders we
stand on; those who have done all the research and inves-
tigation that made this work possible and worked to bring
light to humanity.

13
11. Additional Images

Figure 18. The star map carved into stone in one of the Khufu
pyramid shafts [57].

Figure 17. A close look at the undercut, parabolic wave erosion on

the Khafre pyramid [58].

14
Figure 19. A visual of the deep and abyssal ocean heating anomaly compared to a normal atmospheric ocean heating curve. The overall
heating anomaly has been taken from NOAA [37], the deep and abyssal heating distributions from a Desbruyeres study [14], and the data
processing and visualization by Ethical Skeptic [66].

15
Figure 20. Sea level shows a 20% increase in variance over 75 years across 63 stations, indicating an increase in current speed. Surges
in sea level variance are concurrent with ocean heat pulses, indicating these may both be caused by heating from deep below the Earth’s
oceans [29, 66].

16
Figure 21. Atmospheric CO2 ppm has risen consistently over the last 45 years, likely caused by a rise in ocean temperatures. Source:
NOAA [34, 66].

Figure 22. Global sea ice extent has been shrinking over the last 45 years, due to a warming Earth. Source: ADS [3].

17
References [20] S. J. G. Frazer. Folk-lore in the Old Testament: Studies in
Comparative Religion, Legend, and Law, volume 3. Macmil-
[1] Great flood (china). https://en.wikipedia.org/ lan and Co., Limited, London, 1919. Digitized by the Uni-
wiki/Great_Flood_(China), 2025. Accessed: 2025- versity of California Libraries. Call number: SRLF:LAGE-
02-10. 204854.
[2] D. Allan and J. Delair. Cataclysm! : compelling evidence [21] A. George. The Epic of Gilgamesh, pages 7–16. 12 2018.
of a cosmic catastrophe in 9500 B.C. Santa Fe, N.M. : Bear [22] M. Górska-Zabielska, K. Witkowska, M. Pisarska, et al.
Co., 1997. The selected erratic boulders in the Świetokrzyskie province
[3] A. D. archive System (ADS). Visual information of the sea (central poland) and their potential to promote geotourism.
ice for the polar operational network (vishop), 2025. Ac- Geoheritage, 12(30), 2020.
cessed: 2025-02-13. [23] Herodotus. An Account of Egypt. Project Gutenberg, 2006.
[4] Arctic Data archive System (ADS). Visual information of EBook #2131, Release Date: February 25, 2006, Last Up-
the sea ice for the polar operational network (vishop), 2025. dated: January 25, 2013.
Accessed: 2025-02-10. [24] J. Holland. Mystery of the mammoth and the but-
[5] Y. A. Brahim, J. A. Wassenburg, L. Sha, F. W. Cruz, tercups, 1976. https://www.gi.alaska.edu/alaska-science-
M. Deininger, A. Sifeddine, L. Bouchaou, C. Spötl, R. L. Ed- forum/mystery-mammoth-and-buttercups.
wards, and H. Cheng. North atlantic ice-rafting, ocean and [25] A. Jackson, A. R. T. Jonkers, and M. R. Walker. Four
atmospheric circulation during the holocene: Insights from centuries of geomagnetic secular variation from historical
western mediterranean speleothems. Geophysical Research records. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Soci-
Letters, 46(12):6616–6623, June 2019. Citations: 53 as of ety A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences,
2025-02-10. 358(1768):957–990, March 2000.
[6] D. A. Calvert. Pyramid of khufu. [26] F. Josephus. Antiquities of the Jews. Project Guten-
https://smarthistory.org/pyramid-of-khufu/. berg, project gutenberg ebook no. 2848 edition, 2001.
[7] A. Chand. Great flood stories: Inter-religion similarities. In- Public domain in the USA. Last updated: January
ternational Journal of History, 04 2023. 30, 2024. Wikipedia page: https://en.wikipedia.
[8] U. R. Christensen. Geodynamo models: Tools for under- org/wiki/Antiquities_of_the_Jews.
standing properties of earth’s magnetic field. Physics of the [27] Jun. Historical review of mohenjo-daro and harappan civi-
Earth and Planetary Interiors, 187(3–4):157–169, August lization in pakistan. Pacific International Journal, 5:31–42,
2011. 06 2022.
[9] Climate Change Institute, University of Maine. Daily sea [28] Junho. Ecdo kmls. https://github.com/
surface temperature, 2024. Accessed: 2025-02-10. sovrynn/ecdo/tree/master/5-TOOLS-DEV/
[10] W. contributors. Plato — wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, dev/0-completed-kmls. Accessed: 2025-02-09.
2025. [Online; accessed 10-February-2025]. [29] Junho. Ecdo github research repository, 2024.
[11] L. V. Damme, P. Mardesic, and D. Sugny. The tennis racket https://github.com/sovrynn/ecdo.
effect in a three-dimensional rigid body. arXiv preprint, June [30] Junho. Egypt cataclysm chronology, 2025.
2016. https://github.com/sovrynn/ecdo/tree/master/1-
[12] A. De Santis and E. Qamili. Geosystemics: A systemic view EVIDENCE/cataclysm-chronology/middle-east/egypt.
of the earth’s magnetic field and the possibilities for an im- [31] P. Kolosimo. Timeless earth, 1968.
minent geomagnetic transition, 08 2014. https://archive.org/details/timelessearth2 01908.
[13] L. DeGrey-Ellis and P. Link. Palouse and glacial lake [32] D. Koutsoyiannis, N. Mamassis, A. Efstratiadis, N. Zarkadoulas,
missoula. https://www.isu.edu/digitalgeologyidaho/palouse- and Y. Markonis. Floods in Greece, page 238–256. 08 2012.
lake-missoula/. [33] C. Laj, C. Kissel, and A. P. Roberts. Geomagnetic field behavior
[14] D. G. Desbruyères, S. G. Purkey, E. L. McDonagh, G. C. during the iceland basin and laschamp geomagnetic excursions: A
Johnson, and B. A. King. Deep and abyssal ocean warming simple transitional field geometry? Geochemistry, Geophysics,
from 35 years of repeat hydrography. Geophysical Research Geosystems, 7(3), March 2006.
Letters, 43(19):10356–10365, September 2016. Citations: [34] X. Lan, P. Tans, and K. W. Thoning. Trends in globally-
101 as of 2025-02-10. averaged co determined from noaa global monitoring laboratory
[15] J. Din, H. Su, and L. Jing. The role of the three sovereigns measurements. https://gml.noaa.gov/ccgg/trends/
and five emperors in shaping chinese civilization. pages 10– gl_data.html, 2025. Version 2025-02.
12, 01 2024. [35] B. Lehner, M. Anand, E. Fluet-Chouinard, F. Tan, F. Aires,
[16] W. S. Downey and D. H. Tarling. Archaeomagnetic dating G. Allen, P. Bousquet, J. Canadell, N. Davidson, M. Finlayson,
of santorini volcanic eruptions and fired destruction levels of T. Gumbricht, L. Hilarides, G. Hugelius, R. Jackson, M. Korver,
late minoan civilization. Nature, 309:519–523, 1984. P. McIntyre, S. Nagy, D. Olefeldt, T. Pavelsky, and M. Thieme.
[17] A. Emery. Glacial erratics, 2023. Accessed: 2025-02-08. Mapping the world’s inland surface waters: an update to the global
[18] A. Emery. Unlocking ice-flow pathways using glacial errat- lakes and wetlands database (glwd v2), 07 2024.
ics, 2023. Accessed: 2025-02-08. [36] Y. Li, L. Vočadlo, and J. P. Brodholt. The elastic properties of hcp-
[19] Encyclopædia Britannica. Sir arthur evans. Encyclopædia Fe alloys under the conditions of the earth’s inner core. Earth and
Britannica, 2025. Accessed: 2025-02-09. Planetary Science Letters, 493:118–127, 2018.

18
[37] R. Lindsey and L. Dahlman. Climate change: Ocean heat content, [59] T. E. Skeptic. Master exothermic core-mantle decou-
2023. Accessed: 2025-02-13. pling – dzhanibekov oscillation (ecdo) theory, 2024.
[38] H. Liu. The culture hero in china: Yu the great. Global Journal of https://theethicalskeptic.com/2024/05/23/master-exothermic-
Archaeology Anthropology, 3, 05 2018. core-mantle-decoupling-dzhanibekov-oscillation-theory/.
[39] N. Maestri. Chalchiuhtlicue - aztec goddess of lakes, streams, and [60] sovrynn. Evolving concepts in distributed organizations: Foun-
oceans, 2023. thoughtco.com/chalchiuhtlicue-goddess-170327. dation theory. https://github.com/sovrynn/ecdo/
[40] D. J. McAdam. The scheme of the peruvian savants. https: tree/master/0-FOUNDATION-THEORY/s2#duration,
//www.djmcadam.com/scheme-peruvian.html. Ac- 2025. Accessed: 2025-02-13.
cessed: 2025-02-10. [61] sovrynn. Saa tipping point calculation, 2025. Accessed: 2025-02-
10.
[41] M. W. McElhinny. Paleomagnetism: Continents and Oceans. Aca-
demic Press, San Diego, 2000. [62] E. Spedicato. Homer and Orosius: A Key to Explain Deucalion’s
Flood, Exodus and Other Tales, pages 369–374. 01 2009.
[42] A. Mcnamara. A review of large low shear velocity provinces and
ultra low velocity zones. Tectonophysics, 760, 04 2018. [63] M. Staubwasser and H. Weiss. Holocene climate and cultural evo-
lution in late prehistoric–early historic west asia. Quaternary Re-
[43] F. A. V. Meinesz. Shear patterns of the earth’s crust. Transactions,
search, 66(3):372–387, November 2006.
American Geophysical Union, 28(1), February 1947.
[64] C. Stone. Nobulart, 2025. https://nobulart.com/.
[44] A. Millard. Sennacherib’s campaign to judah. new studies. (studies
[65] TalkOrigins. Flood stories from around the world, 2002.
in the history and culture of the ancient near east xviii). by william
https://talkorigins.org/faqs/flood-myths.html.
r. gallagher. pp. xvii, 313, 9 figs. leiden, brill, 1999. Journal of
the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain Ireland, 11:55 – 57, 04 [66] The Ethical Skeptic. The climate change alternative we ignore (to
2001. our peril), 2020. Accessed: 2025-02-10.
[67] C. Thomas. The adam and eve story, 1963.
[45] N. Mörner. Annual and inter-annual magnetic variations in varved
clay. Geologie en Mijnbouw, 57:229–241, 1978. [68] S. Varela, J. González-Hernánder, L. Sgarbi, C. Marshall,
M. Uhen, S. Peters, and M. McClennen. paleobiodb: An r package
[46] NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies. Giss surface temper-
for downloading, visualizing and processing data from the paleo-
ature analysis (v4): Analysis graphs and plots, 2025. Accessed:
biology database. Ecography, 38, 04 2015.
2025-02-10.
[69] I. Velikovsky. Worlds in Collision. Dell Publishing Co., Inc., 1950.
[47] National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI). Wander-
[70] I. Velikovsky. Worlds in Collision. Nicolai Woodenko Library,
ing of the geomagnetic poles, 2022. Accessed: 2025-02-10.
1965. Missing pages: 1-2, 37-38, 205-206, 377-378 in the original
[48] National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI). Wander-
numbering. Scanned by Internet Archive HTML5 Uploader 1.6.3.
ing of the geomagnetic poles, 2022. Accessed: 2025-02-13.
[71] Z. Wang. A critical analysis of the role of herodotus’s histories
[49] National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI). Interna- in representing the conflicts between the persian empire and the
tional geomagnetic reference field (igrf), 2024. Accessed: 2025- greek states. Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sci-
02-10. ences, 12:279–284, 04 2023.
[50] National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), [72] F. Waters. Book of The Hopi. Penguin Books, 1963.
Global Monitoring Laboratory. Trends in atmospheric carbon
[73] K. White. World in Peril: The Origin, Mission, and Scientific Find-
dioxide, 2025. Accessed: 2025-02-10.
ings of the 46th/72nd Reconnaissance Squadron. Self-published,
[51] Nobulart. The flip of the earth, 2022. Accessed: 2025-02-10. Elkhart, Ind, Elkhart, Indiana, 1992. Includes bibliographical ref-
[52] T. E. of Encyclopedia Britannica. Pyramids of giza, 2025. erences (p. 285-287) and index.
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Pyramids-of-Giza. [74] J. Whitmore. Lithostratigraphic correlation of the coconino sand-
[53] Plato. Timaeus. Harvard University Press; William Heine- stone and a global survey of permian “eolian” sandstones: Impli-
mann Ltd., Cambridge, MA; London, 1929. Public domain cations for flood geology. Answers Research Journal, 12:275–328,
text digitized by the Perseus Project under a Creative Commons 2019.
Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 United States License. CTS URN: [75] Wikibooks. Chinese stories/nüwa.
urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0059.tlg031. https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/ChineseS tories/N
[54] Plato. Critias. Project Gutenberg, project gutenberg ebook edition, [76] Wikipedia. Glacial erratic.
2008. Release Date: August 15, 2008, Last Updated: January 15, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glaciale rratic.
2013. Produced by Sue Asscher and David Widger. [77] Wikipedia. Great pyramid of giza.
[55] Z. Sitchin. The Lost Realms. Avon Books, 1990. Chapter 7: ”The https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GreatP yramido fG izaInterior.
Day the Sun Stood Still”. [78] Wikipedia. Pyramid of khafre.
[56] T. E. Skeptic. https://theethicalskeptic.com/. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyramido fK haf re.
[57] T. E. Skeptic. Exothermic core-mantle decoupling [79] Wikipedia. Salt mining, 2024.
– dzhanibekov oscillation (ecdo) hypothesis, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saltm ining.
https://theethicalskeptic.com/2024/05/12/exothermic-core- [80] Wikipedia contributors. Project nanook, 2024. Accessed: 2025-
mantle-decoupling-dzhanibekov-oscillation-ecdo-hypothesis/. 02-10.
[58] T. E. Skeptic. Hidden in plain sight, 2024. [81] Wikipedia contributors. Ogyges — wikipedia, the free encyclope-
https://theethicalskeptic.com/2023/12/18/hidden-in-plain-sight/. dia, 2025. [Online; accessed 10-February-2025].

19
[82] Q. Wu, Z. Zhao, L. Liu, D. E. Granger, H. Wang, D. J. Cohen,
X. Wu, M. Ye, O. Bar-Yosef, and S. Bai. Outburst flood at 1920
bce supports historicity of china’s great flood and the xia dynasty.
Science, 353(6299):579–582, 2016.

20