CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING COURSES

COURSE DETAILS

SECOND YEAR COURSES

COURSE CODE: CEE 2219

COURSE TITLE: STATICS AND INTRODUCTION TO MECHANICS OF
MATERIALS

Rationale
The knowledge and the understanding of the basic principles and concepts of Statics, and
Mechanics of Materials are essential for all branches of engineering which address the various
consequences of forces.

Aim
This course is intended to introduce the basic concepts of statics and mechanics to the beginners
in the engineering study.

Course Objectives
At the end of the course students should be able to:
(a) Construct and solve mathematical models which describe the effects of forces on rigid
bodies under statical conditions.
(b) Learn the essential concepts in dealing with similar problems involving deformable bodies.
(c) Develop the habit of clear and logical thinking leading to a well-disciplined method of
attack from hypothesis to solution.

Course Content
Statics:
Basic concepts, composition and resolution of force, couple and moment, resultant of a system of
forces and moments, analysis of trusses, frames and machines, phenomena and types of
frictional forces, problems involving dry friction in wedges, screws, bearings and belt drives.
Determination of centre of mass and centroid of area, definition and determination of second
moments of area and mass, parallel axis and inclined axis the .
Strength of Materials:
Mechanical and elastic properties of materials, concepts of stress and strain, elasticity and elastic
constants, direct and shear stresses and strains, strain energy. Indeterminate problems involving
thermal stresses, compound stress and strain, general two dimensional stress system, principal
ain. Analysis of beams, bending moment and
shear force diagrams, relationships between distributed load, bending moment and shear force in
a beam.

Prerequisites
None

Time:
2 hrs of lectures + 1.5 hrs tutorial or lab/week

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Assessment
Continuous Assessment
Assignments 20%
Test 20%
Final Examination 60%

Prescribed Books
1. Meriam J.L. (2008) Engineering Mechanics (Vol. 1) - Statics. J. Wiley, New York
2. Hibbeler R. C. (2010) Mechanics of Materials (Eighth edition), Pearson Prentice Hall, New
Jersey

Recommended Reading
1. Beer F.P. and Johnston E.R. (2010) Vector Mechanics for Engineers (Statics), Mcgraw
Hill, New York.
2. Morley A (1980) Strength of Materials, Longman, London.

THIRD YEAR COURSES

COURSE CODE: CEE 3111

COURSE TITLE: CIVIL ENGINEERING MATERIALS AND PRACTICE

Rationale
A Civil Engineer needs to be acquainted with the fundamentals, applications and uses of
construction materials.

Aim
To provide students with a comprehensive foundation on the standards and performance
characteristics for the most common construction materials.

Course Objectives
At the end of the course students should be able to have a sound knowledge and appreciation of
the materials used in construction

Course Content
Part 1: CIVIL ENGINEERING MATERIALS
General Introduction
Common construction materials, properties, manufacture and applications. Cost of construction
materials and availability.
Metals as construction materials
General behaviour of metals, structural steel, construction in non-ferrous metals, connections
(bolting, riveting, welding)
Concrete and its Constituents
Concrete constituents and their manufacture, plain (mass) concrete, reinforced concrete, fibre-
reinforced concrete, pre-stressed concrete, composite construction

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Timber as a construction material
Species and sources of timber, conversion of timber, defects in timber, timber preservation,
mechanical properties, grades of timber, common uses of timber
Bituminous Materials
Tar, Bitumen, Bitumen Stabilized Gravels (BSG), Emulsions
Soil as a Construction Material
Types of soil and properties, soil stabilisation, reinforced earth, uses of soil in construction
Polymers
Hydrocarbon polymers, other Carbon chain polymers, Heterochain polymers, Network polymers,
Copolymers, alloys and hybrids
Masonry
Masonry units (bricks, blocks, stabilized soil blocks, Adobe), tiles, stone (Rubble Masonry), mortar.

Part 2: CONSTRUCTION
Building Codes, housing layout and environment, Low-cost mass housing
Foundations, dewatering, trenches
Brick, hollow-block, and rubble masonry construction
Bonding and damp proof course
Openings-door and windows
Roofing-pitched roofs, slab and shell roofing
Formwork and scaffolding
Ventilation, lighting and plumbing
Part 3: CIVIL ENGINEERING ORGANISATION
General Introduction
Key players in a construction project, role of Quantity Surveying, Quality Management
Introduction to Quantity Surveying
Taking off, Squaring of dimensions, abstracting or working up, Billing,
Analysis of prices in the building trade
Tendering Process
Preparation of Contract Documents, invitation of tenders, Open tendering,
Invited Tenders (pre-qualification), Opening and adjudication of tenders, Selection of the tender
Legal Aspects
Law of Contract, types of Contracts, Sub-contracts, Settlement of disputes
Cost Planning and Control
Budget, cash-flow control, Costing, Site costing system

Time:
4 hrs of lectures + 3 hrs tutorial or lab/week

Assessment
Continuous Assessment
Assignments and Lab 20%
Test 20%
Final Examination 60%

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Prescribed Books
1. Taylor G.D., Materials in Construction An Introduction 3rd Ed, 2000.
2. Chudley R., Greeno R., Construction Technology 5th Ed, 2011.
3. Neil J and Dhir, R. K, Civil Engineering Materials, 1997.

Recommended Reading
1. Neville, A. M., Properties of Concrete, 1981
2. Desh, H. E., Timber; Its Structure, Properties and Utilization, 6th Edition, 1981.
3. Seeley, I. H., Civil Engineering Quantities, 4th Edition, 1990.
4. The Institution of Civil Engineers, Civil Engineering Procedure, 3 rd Edition, 1979.

COURSE CODE: CEE 3112

COURSE TITLE: CIVIL ENGINEERING DRAWINGS

Rationale
Engineering concepts can never be complete if they cannot be presented in a way that can be
deciphered by all the stakeholders/players involved in transforming the concepts into reality.
Drawing presents itself as practical means of communication in the field of Engineering.
Drawing has been made easier by the use of computer packages. There are many on the market
but one of the popular Computer Aided Drawing in Civil Engineering is AutoCAD. This course
is designed to provide civil engineering undergraduates with basic understanding of the theory
and practice of engineering drawings and computer aided design for civil engineering
applications.

Aim
The main objective of this course is to equip Students with the basic drawing tools to enable
them effectively transmit their engineering concepts.

Course Objectives
At the end of the course students should be able to:
1. understand and produce architectural floor plans, sections and elevations;
2. understand and complete typical reinforced concrete structural and steel members
detailing;
3. understand and read road plans and sections;
4. understand and read water supply and sewerage system drawings;
5. understand and know how to apply computer software to prepare 2D civil engineering
drawings; and
6. understand basic requirements and standards

Course Content
Introduction to Civil Engineering drawing
General principles of building construction drawings, drawings, elevations, plans, sections, types
and contents of building drawings, conventional symbols, scales dimensioning.
Architectural drawings
Fundamentals of architecture as it relates to standards and drawing of buildings

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Detailing in structural Engineering
Steel structures, riveted, bolted and welded joints, concrete structures, reinforcement details and
bar bending schedule, timber structures, joint details, roofing details.
Detailing in Highways
Highway drawings communication to the highway engineer & contractor
Detailing in Environmental Engineering
Water supply and sewerage systems
Computer Aided drawing
Introduction to computer aided drawing, creating a drawing file, setting up the drawing
environment, familiarization with simple commands, making basic civil engineering drawings,
labelling, dimensioning.
Introduction to Building Information Modelling (BIM)
Fundamental requirements and management principles to operate collaborative building
information modelling (BIM) projects.

Time:
4 hrs of lectures + 3 hrs tutorial or lab/week

Assessment
Continuous Assessment
Assignments 20%
Test 20%
Final Examination 60%

Prescribed Books
1. , Frank Weare and Anthony C. Oakhill (2011)
Wiley-Blackwell ISBN 0-632-03523-4

Recommended Reading
1. Thomas M.V., A guide to the preparation of Civil Engineering Drawings, Macmillan,
1982.
2. Kim Robert H., Kim Jai B. (2001), Bridge Design for the Civil and Structural Professional
Engineering Exams, 2nd Edition, PPI, ISBN: 978-1-888577-71-6
3. Newton P., Structural Detailing, Macmillan, 1986
4. AutoCad 2013 and AutoCad LT 2013, Essentials, by Scott Onstott, John Wiley & Sons,
Inc. ISBN 978-1-118-24481-4
5. Littlefield David (2008) New Metric Handbook Planning & Design Data Elsevier Ltd.,
Great Britain ISBN: 978-0-7506-5281-0

COURSE CODE: CEE 3211

COURSE TITLE: MECHANICS OF MATERIALS

Rationale
The analysis of the behaviour of various structures when subjected to loading requires basic
understanding of engineering mechanics by use of the relationships between loading, materials
properties material and mechanical deformation; and compatibility conditions.

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Aim
The aim of the course is to provide students with the means of analysing various load bearing
structures, when subjected to loading.

Course Objectives
Upon completion of this course, students shall be able to:
1. Analyse relationships between stress, strain and displacement in deformable bodies.
2. Find the stress state of bodies subjected to axial, torsional, transverse, and/or bending loads
3. Find the displacements of bodies subjected to axial, torsional, and/or bending loads.
4. Transform plane stresses into a different coordinate system
5. Find principal stresses for a state of plane stress
6. Describe widely used failure theories for ductile and brittle materials
7. Find the stability limits of members subjected to axial compressive loads
8. Analyse structures under ultimate conditions
9. Conduct experiments involving load, deflection, and/or strain measurements, analyse
experimental data, and write concise laboratory reports.

Course Content
Flexural members
Types of load. Classification of beams. Review of statics. Relation between the intensity of
loading, shearing force, and bending moment in a straight beam.
Pure bending of beams. Shearing stresses in Beams. Distribution of shear stresses in a thin-
walled sections. Shear centre. Analysis of stresses and strains at a point. Elastic strain energy
of bending Beams of composite materials.
Torsion
Deformations and stresses in circular shafts. Solid non-circular members. Deflection and
stresses in closely coiled helical springs. Strain energy of elastic torsion.
Compound Stresses
Superposition of stresses and its limitations. Unsymmetrical bending. Combined bending and
direct stresses. Thin-walled pressure vessels. Combined bending and torsion.
Structural connections
Eccentrically bolted and welded connections.
Theories of failure
Maximum Principal stress theory (Rankine), Maximum shear stress (Tresca and Haigh), Strain
Energy Theory (Haigh), Shear Strain Energy Theory (Von Mises and Hencky), and Maximum
Principle Strain Theory ( St. Venant).
Deflection of beams
Differential equations for deflection of elastic beams. Solution of beam deflection problems by
direct integration, Virtual work/unit load method, Moment-Area Method, Conjugate-beam
method. Simple statically indeterminate beams. Impact loads. Deflection of trusses.
Elastic buckling of columns
Stability of equilibrium. Analysis of buckling behaviour. Flexural Buckling of a pin-ended
strut. Generalised Euler formula and limitations. Strut with eccentric load. Secant formula.
Perry-Robertson formula. Strut with lateral load.
Plastic theory of bending
Assumptions in the plastic theory, Plastic hinge, Moment of resistance at a plastic hinge.

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Collapse load and Load Factor. Regions of plasticity. Combined bending and direct stress.
Limit analysis of beams.

Time:
4 hrs of lectures + 3 hrs tutorial or lab/week

Assessment
Continuous Assessment
Assignments 20%
Test 20%
Final Examination 60%

Prescribed Books
1. Gere JM and Goodno BJ, 2009, Mechanics of Materials, 7th Edition, Cengage Learning,
ISBN 13:978-0-495-43807-6, ISBN 10: 0-495-43807-3

Recommended Reading
1. Case J. and Chilver, A.H. Strength of materials and structures, 2nd edition, Edward
Arnold, 1988.
2. Popov, E.P., Mechanics of materials, 2nd edition, Prentice Hall International Editions,
1978
3. Ryder G.H., Strength of Materials 3rd Edition, Macmillan (ELBS), 1983, London.
4. Todd J D., Structural Theory and Analysis 2nd Edition, Macmillan, 1981

COURSE CODE: CEE 3222

COURSE TITLE: THEORY OF STRUCTURES

Rationale
Theory of structures involves the methods of structural analysis used in the determination of the
effects of loads on physical structures and their components. The results of the analysis are used
to verify a structure's fitness for use.

Aim
This course is intended to introduce students to structural analysis methods of structures under
static loading

Course Objectives
At the end of the course students should be able to:
1) To translate a stated problem in theory of structures to an analytic form.
2) To apply appropriate solution techniques to the problem.
3) To be able to actually solve the problem.
4) To understand the meaning of the outcome, and
5) To be aware of the limitations of the methods of solution and the outcome

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Course Content
Introduction
Historical review. Philosophy of structural design. Structural forms. Analysis of structural
behaviour. Engineering structures. Types of loads. Allowable Stresses. Factor of safety.
Practical and ideal structures. Equations of static equilibrium. Stability and indeterminacy of
structures. Free-body sketches.
Analysis of statically determinate systems for stationary and moving loads
Analysis of trusses (application of method of joints, method of sections and combination). Two-
dimensional rigid frames. Review of shearing force, bending moment, and axial resisting force
diagrams. Definition and properties of influence lines. Influence lines for beams and girders
(determination of loading positions for maximum bending moment and shear force). Influence
lines for trusses. Alternative approach for determination of influence lines. Muller-
principal.
Energy theorems and principles

Complimentary energy theorem. Potential energy theorems and applications

Force and displacement methods of analysis for statically indeterminate systems
Compatibility method-Flexibility Method, equilibrium (Displacement) Method-Slope deflection
Method, Deflection superposition- Additional examples involving temperatures, settlements,
etc., Direct Displacement Method, Moment Distribution Method (application to beams and
frames). Influence lines for statically indeterminate Structures
Introduction to Matrix methods
Matrix Force Method-Flexibility Method and Matrix Displacement Method-Stiffness Method,
applied to trusses, beams, and frames. Use of computers in structural analysis.
Influence lines for statically indeterminate structures
Influence line by successive position of unit load force. Muller- e for obtaining
influence line.
Introduction to limit analysis of plane structures
Elastic-plastic behaviour of structural systems. Principle of superposition. General collapse
conditions. Determination of collapse load: lower limit theorem; upper limit theorem.
Elementary mechanisms.
Introduction to Approximate Methods of Analysis
Indeterminate trusses, Single portals and mill bents, Laterally loaded rigid frames (Portal and
Cantilever methods), vertically loaded Rigid frames

Time:
4 hrs of lectures + 3 hrs tutorial or lab/week

Assessment
Continuous Assessment
Assignments 20%
Test 20%
Final Examination 60%

Prescribed Books
1. Hibbeler R. C., Structural Analysis, 8th Edition, Prentice Hall, 2011.
2. Norris, C.H., Wilber, J.B., Senor Utku, Elementary Structural Analysis, 3rd edition, 10th

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 printing, Mc Graw-Hill, 1988.

Recommended Reading
1. Laursen, H.I., Structural Analysis, 3rd edition McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1988.
2. d H.M. Nelson ELBS/Longman,
1990.

COURSE CODE: CEE 3311

COURSE TITLE: FLUID MECHANICS 1

Rationale
Fluid Mechanics is a prerequisite to most courses latter in the different engineering disciplines.
Understanding the fundamental laws relating to the static and dynamic behaviour of fluids is
therefore important in applying fluid mechanics to solve various engineering problems.

Aim
To equip students with knowledge on key concepts and fundamental principles of fluid
mechanics.

Course Objectives
At the end of the course students should be able to:
1. Identify & use key concepts and fundamental principles, together with the assumptions
made in their development pertaining to fluid behaviour, both in static and flowing
conditions
2. Deal effectively with practical engineering situations
3. Recognise possible applications and links to other disciplines.

Course Content
Properties of fluids
Units and Dimensions, Manometry, forces on submerged planes and objects, bouyancy and
flotation. Flow characteristics of ideal and real fluids, steady and unsteady flow, uniform and
non-uniform flow, Reynolds number and classification of laminar and turbulent flow.
Control Volumes

Bernoulli -crested weirs and venturimeter.

System control approach, control volume and control volume equation, continuity equation and
its applications.
Applications of the Control Volume
Application of control volume equation to the linear momentum equation, impegement of jets on
fixed and moving vanes, forces on pipe bends, nozzles, obstacles in natural streams and
channels, turbo machines and rotating systems. First law of thermodynamics, application of
control volume equation to steady flow energy equation. Hydraulic and energy grade lines.
Ideal and Real fluids
Concept of ideal flow, rotational and irrotational flow, stream function and velocity potential,
y layer, resistance in turbulent flow,

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Flow in pipes
Laminar flow (Hagen- -Weisbach formula), friction
factor, Moody diagram, head loss in single pipe system, equivalent length, compound, looping,
and branching pipes, pipes in series and pararrel, analysis of pipe networks by Hardy-Cross
method. Use of electronic computers in network analysis.
Flow in open channels
c energy diagram, Froude number, tranquil and rapid
flow, critical slope and critical depth, hydraulic jump, non-uniform flow. Gradually varied flow,
rapidly varied flow, and surges.

Time:
4 hrs of lectures + 3 hrs tutorial or lab/week

Assessment
Continuous Assessment
Assignments 20%
Test 20%
Final Examination 60%

Prescribed Books
1. Potter M., Wiggert D. and Ramadan B. (2011). Mechanics of Fluids, 6th Ed., Cengage
Learning, ISBN: 1285225406, 9781285225401.
2. Franzini J.B. and Finnemore E.J. (2002). Fluid Mechanics with Engineering Applications,
10th Ed., Mc GrawHill, ISBN: 0072432020.

Recommended Reading
1. Douglas, J. F., Gasoriek, J. M., Swaffield, J and Jack, L. (2011). Fluid Mechanics, 6th Ed:
Prentice Hall, ASIN B00DJFQ4DU.

FOURTH YEAR COURSES

COURSE CODE: CEE 4211

COURSE TITLE: STRUCTURAL MASONRY AND TIMBER STRUCTURES

Rationale
Masonry and Timber are major structural material materials used in the construction of
buildings.

Aim
To introduce the students to the design of structures in timber and masonry

Course Objectives
At the end of the course students should be able to:
To develop an understanding of the fundamental concepts and design philosophies related to
timber and masonry elements and to apply this knowledge to the design of conventional building
structures.

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Course Content
General Introduction to Structural Engineering
Introduction to Structural Engineering; Components of a structure; Analysis/Design concepts
(Elastic and Limit States designs); Introduction to Codes of Practice; Partial safety factors for
loads and materials; Load Combinations.
Structural Masonry Design
Introduction to Masonry as a construction Material; Masonry units and Strength tests; Load
Types on Masonry Structures; Codes of Practice in Masonry; Partial safety factors for loads and
materials; Load Combinations in Masonry, Load Bearing brickwork, Blockwork,
Brick/Blockwork combination, Frame Analysis in Masonry; Flexural members in Masonry;
Laterally Loaded Walls and Shear Walls; Control joints, Design for Accidental Damage and
Robustness; Design of Buildings in Masonry
Structural Timber
Introduction to Timber as a Structural Material ; sawing processes, treatment processes,
seasoning, Analysis/Design concepts (Elastic and Limit States designs); Load Types on Timber
Structures Introduction to Codes of Practice in use; Partial safety factors for loads and materials;
Load Combinations
Design of Flexural Members; Design of Compression members and anchorages; Design of
Trusses ; Design of connections, Designs for termite attack and other common damage and
serviceability requirements, Building Design in Timber.

Time:
4 hrs of lectures + 3 hrs tutorial or lab/week

Assessment
Continuous Assessment
Assignments 20%
Test 20%
Final Examination 60%

Prescribed Books
1. Bull, John W., The Practical Design of Structural Elements in Timber, 1989, Gower
Publishing Company (UK), ISBN 0 556 09028 7.
2. Andrew Orton, Structural Design of Masonry, 1992 Edition, Longman ISBN-
10: 0582091012
3. Hendry A.W., Sihna B.P., Davies S.R. Design of Masonry structures, 2004 Edition, E &
FN Spon, ISBN 0 419 21560 3.

Recommended Reading
1. Morton J, Limit State Philosophy, Partial Safety Factors and Design of Walls for
Compression and Shear, Based on BS5628: Structural Use of Masonry, 1978, British
Standards Institution (BSI)
2. Morton J, Accidental Damage, Robustness and Stability, Based on BS5628: Structural Use
of Masonry, 1978, British Standards Institution (BSI).
3. Zambia Bureau of Standards, Zambian Code of Practice for Structural Use of Locally
Grown Timber, ZS 032: 1986.

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4. Ozelton, E.C. and Baird, J.A., Timber Designers Manual, reprinted 1982, Granada
Publishing, IASBN 0-246-11457-6.
5. Metten, C.J., Structural Timber Design and Technology, 1986, Longman Scientific and
Technical (UK), ISBN 0-542-49485-0.
6. Chanakya Arya, Design of Structural Elements, 2009, Taylor & Francis ISBN10: 0-415-
46719-5.

COURSE CODE: CEE 4311

COURSE TITLE: HYDROLOGY

Rationale
Hydrology is the study of the movement, distribution, and quality of water throughout earth, and
thus addresses both the hydrologic cycle and water resources. Measurement is fundamental for
assessing water resources. The course will equip the student with a better understanding of the
processes involved in the hydrologic cycle, and insight for environmental engineering, policy
and planning. The course serves as an introduction to the field of engineering hydrology. It
covers fundamentals such as the hydrological cycle, catchment, losses, hydrographs and
hyetographs. Design topics covered will be selected from: flood frequency analysis,
determination of design rainfall intensity and hyetographs, peak flow estimation, design
hydrograph estimation, groundwater process and modelling, and drought risk analysis/yield
hydrology

Aim
To allow students to gain an understanding of the principles of hydrology, hydrogeology
(groundwater) and contaminant transport. Students will also become knowledgeable on the
elements (parameters) of river basin modelling and allow them to develop skills on formulating a
simple river basin model.

Course Objectives
At the end of the course students should be able to understand the Principles and processes
governing the movement of water through the hydrologic cycle, including atmospheric moisture
flow, surface runoff, infiltration, and groundwater flow; and Hydrologic statistics, and frequency
analysis techniques applied to problems of engineering hydrologic design Explain the
importance of hydrological processes and the space-time scales associated with them. Quantify
them by expressing them using mass and energy balance as well as estimate them based on
system approaches and statistical techniques.

Course Content
Introduction
The hydrological cycle, Inventory of earth's water, The Hydrologic Budget, Hydrology in
Engineering
Precipitation
Formation of Precipitation, Types of precipitation, Measurement of precipitation, Missing data,
Double mass curve analysis, Point Precipitation, A real Precipitation
Interception and Depression Storage
Interception, Depression Storage

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Infiltration
Factors influencing infiltration rate, Measurement of infiltration, Horton's Model, Green-Ampt
Model, Indexes, Soil Moisture
Evaporation and Transpiration
Evaporation, Transpiration, Evapotranspiration, Consumptive use
Hydrometry
Stage measurement, Water depth and bottom level measurement, Streamflow measurement,
Rating curves
Hydrographs, Sedimentation and the River Basin
Basin characteristics affecting runoff, Rainfall-runoff relationship, Components of a hydrograph,
Hydrograph separation, Depletion curve, Unit hydrograph, S-curve technique, Derivation of the
UH, Synthetic UH, Sediment transport and Measurement
Groundwater
Occurrence of groundwater: rock properties affecting groundwater, geologic formations as
aquifers, types of aquifers, storage coefficient, Groundwater movement: Darcy's law,
permeability, determination of hydraulic conductivity, groundwater flow directions, general flow
equations, Groundwater and well hydraulics: steady and unsteady flow in confined and
unconfined aquifers, groundwater recharge, pumping and recovery tests, well flow near aquifer
boundaries, multiple well systems, Investigations of groundwater: surface and subsurface
methods
Floods and Droughts
Selection of data, Plotting positions, Frequency analysis by plotting, Theoretical distributions of
floods, Selection of design frequency, Droughts, Hydrologic routing

Time:
4 hrs of lectures + 3 hrs tutorial or lab/week

Assessment
Continuous Assessment
Assignments 5%
Laboratory 15%
Test 20%
Final Examination 60%

Prescribed Books
1. Viessman, W., Lewis, G. L. and Knapp, J. W., Introduction to Hydrology, Harper and
Row, 5th Edition, 2002 ISBN-13: 978-0673993373
2. Todd, D. K., Groundwater Hydrology, Wiley, 3 rd Edition 2004 ISBN-13: 978-0471059370

Recommended Reading
1. David Maidment Handbook of Hydrology 1st Edition 1993 ISBN-13: 978-0070397323
ISBN-10: 0070397325
2. Wilson, E. M., Engineering Hydrology, Macmillan, 1990
3. Linsley R. K., Kohler, M. A. And Paulhus, J. H., Hydrology for Engineers, McGrawhill,
1982
4. Ettrick, T. M., An Introduction to Hydrology, Lecture Note Book, UNZA/TU Delft, 1990

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COURSE CODE: CEE 4511
COURSE TITLE: GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING

Rationale
Graduates from Civil Engineering will be expected to participate in the design, construction and
maintenance of engineering structures. Virtually all civil engineering type structures eventually
came into contact with soil through foundations (i.e. bridges, office & residential buildings,
towers, etc.).This course equips them with knowledge of geotechnical engineering which is of
paramount importance in ensuring high quality and long term performance of civil engineering
type structures.

Aim
The main aim of this course is to introduce Civil Engineering students to the basic concepts and
techniques of Geotechnical Engineering. Emphasis is placed on the principles of soil mechanics
and foundation engineering.

Course Objectives
At the end of the course students should be able to:
a) Develop competence in the principles of soil mechanics and application in engineering
practice.
b) Have ability to list the relevant engineering properties of soils and their characteristics and
describe the factors which control these properties.
c) To apply laboratory methods of determining the properties of soils.
d) Have ability to identify common situations when the soil becomes a factor in an
engineering or environmental problem.
e) Have ability to apply basic analytical procedures to obtain the engineering quantity desired
and understand their limitations.
f) Determine the most economical foundation system compatible with the geotechnical
properties of the site and the needs of the structure.
g) Develop appropriate construction procedures.
h) Monitor the progress of construction
i) To give an appreciation of the function and forms of shallow and deep foundations
j) Analyse bearing capacity and settlements of foundations
k) Consider the relevance of site and ground investigation to soil and foundation engineering.

Course Content
Introduction
The origin of soils, principle types of soils.
Simple soil properties and classification
Particle size analysis, consistency limits, soil classification, phase relationships, compaction
Hydraulic properties of soil
Permeability,
Stresses in Soils

Compression and Consolidation

Compressibility of soils, one dimensional consolidation theory, settlement and degree of

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consolidation, laboratory consolidation tests.
Shear strength
, behavior of soils under shear
Seepage
Two dimensional seepage theory, flow nets, seepage through earth dams, flow through
anisotropic and non-homogeneous media
Soil pressures/lateral forces
Active and passive earth pressures, design of earth retaining walls
Stability
Stability of slopes of granular and cohesive frictional material, stability criteria for earth dams
Bearing capacity
The ultimate bearing capacity, in situ tests on bearing capacity
Foundations
Types of foundations, design of simple footings
Site investigation
Site investigation, foundation problems in Zambia

Time:
4 hrs of lectures + 3 hrs tutorial or lab/week

Assessment
Continuous Assessment
Assignments 5%
Laboratory 15%
Test 20%
Final Examination 60%

Prescribed Books
1. Das B.M., Principles of Foundation Engineering, 7th Edition, Cengage learning, 2011
2. Venkatramaih. C., Geotechnical Engineering, 3rd Edition, New Age Publishers., New Delhi,
2008
3. Das B.M., Principles of Geotechnical Engineering, 5th Edition PWS Kent Publishing Co.,
Boston, Mass, 2006

Recommended Reading
1. Smith M.J., Soil Mechanics, ELBS with Longman Group (UK) Ltd., 1991.
2. Craig R.F., Craigs Soil Mechanics, 7th Edition, Spon Press., London 2004
3. Shamsher Prakash, Fundamentals of Soil Mechanics, Shamsher Prakash Foundation Rolla,
MO, U.S.A., 1991.
4. Tsytovich N, Soil Mechanics, Mir Publishers., 1986

COURSE CODE: CEE 4412

COURSE TITLE: ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 1

Rationale
Issues related to provision of water supply and sanitation services is a huge problem in many

83
parts of the world especially in developing countries like Zambia. Lack of these services is the
cause of many environmental diseases which have continued to exaggerate the disease burden
for most developing countries. Properly planned and managed water supply and sanitation
infrastructure can help to reduce environmental pollution and hence can result in sound public
health in most communities. It is recognized that Zambia has limited expertise in the field of
water supply and sanitation. This course seeks to bridge the skills and knowledge gaps in aspects
of modern water supply and sanitation management aspects.

Aim
The aim of the course is to equip students with the knowledge, skills and competencies required
to design and manage water supply and sanitation systems.

Course objectives
On completion of the course, students should be able to:
1) Explain the relationship between environmental pollution and public health;
2) Carry out water sampling and analysis;
3) Interpret water quality parameters and standards (Physical, Chemical and biological);
4) Identify and characterise water sources;
5) Analyse and design the key components of a water supply system;
6) Describe low cost water treatment technologies (e.g. rural water supply);
7) Demonstrate understanding of the overall objectives of a wastewater treatment;
8) Characterise wastewater;
9) Interpret wastewater quality parameters and standards (Physical, Chemical and biological);
10) Describe and design wastewater treatment unit operations and processes in conventional
and non-conventional wastewater treatment options;
11) Describe different sources of solid waste, characteristics and key challenges relating to it;
12) Demonstrate understanding of basic principles of solid waste characterisation; and
13) Demonstrate understanding of solid waste collection treatment and disposal;

Course Content
Introduction
Environmental concerns in perspective, environmental engineering as a profession
Pollution, Environment and Public health
Ecological concepts, causes and impacts of environmental pollution; water, waste and disease;
the role of the engineer in environmental health
Water quality
Examination and characterisation of water and wastewater; environmental quality objectives;
standards and regulations
Water Supply
Estimation of water demand; sources of water supply and evaluation of their yield potential;
urban water supply systems unit processes and operations (analysis and design); distribution
systems, service reservoirs and network designs; introduction to rural and peri-urban water
supplies
Wastewater
Estimation for domestic, industrial/commercial sewage flows; characteristics of sewage;
treatment methods(unit operations, processes and design concepts); estimation of storm water,
combined versus separate sewerage systems; urban drainage, wastewater treatment methods

84
applicable to developing countries; on-site sanitation
Solid Wastes
Characteristics of solid wastes with emphasis on developing countries; modes of collection,
design of collection facilities, location of dumping sites, disposal methods

Time:
4 hrs of lectures + 3 hrs tutorial or lab/week

Assessment
Continuous Assessment
Assignments 20%
Test 20%
Final Examination 60%

Prescribed Books
1. G.S. Birdie and J.S. Birdie., Water Supply & Sanitation Engineering, 9th Edition, Dhanpat
Rai Publishing Company. New Delhi, 2011
2. S.C. Rangwala, K.S. Rangwala and P.S. Rangwala., Water Supply & Sanitation
Engineering, 25th Edition,Charator Publishing House PVT Ltd., Gujarat, 2011.
3. Steel, E.W. and Terence, J.M., Water Supply and Sewerage, McGraw Hill, 1991
4. Schaefer, W., Public Health engineering, Lecture Note book, UNZA/TU Delft, 1992

Recommended Reading
1. Sawyer, C.N., McCarty, P.L. and Parkin, G.F., chemistry for Environmental Engineers, 4 th
Edition, Mcgraw Hill, 1994

COURSE CODE: CEE 4612

COURSE TITLE: HIGHWAY ENGINEERING

Rationale
Graduates from Civil Engineering will be expected to participate in the design, construction and
maintenance of roads and highways. This course equips them with knowledge of highway
engineering which is of paramount importance in ensuring high quality and long term
performance of roads and highway.

Aim
The main aim of this course is to introduce Civil Engineering students to the basic concepts and
techniques of Highway and Transportation Engineering. Emphasis is placed on the components
of the highway system, i.e., driver, vehicle, structure and the interaction between them as related
to the design, construction, operation and maintenance of the highway system.

Course Objectives
At the end of the course students should be able to:
2. Recognise the basic approach to corridor analysis for highways;
3. Identify elements critical to effective highway operations;
4. Identify and analyse components critical to the safe horizontal, vertical, cross-sectional

85
 and intersection design of roadways;
5. design basic highway sections while balancing all of the independent variables critical to
safe design;
6. design a safe road for appropriate users;
7. Identify and analyse materials and other elements critical to successful pavement and
drainage designs;
8. design flexible pavement designs using current design procedures;
9. Identify different construction and maintenance options.

Course Content
Introduction
Overview, Cross sectional elements, general pavement types and structures.
Geometric design
Design elements, alignment, curvature and gradients, intersections.
Soils
Types and methods of classification, compaction and drainage characteristics, and soil
stabilization.
Pavement materials
Granular, bituminous, cementatious materials, and types of surfacings.
Pavement design
Design philosophy and process, structural design and drainage design (surface and sub-surface).
Highway Management System
Highway monitoring and evaluation, maintenance and rehabilitation
Construction and maintenance options
General overview, evolution of construction technology, public works and employment creation,
advantages and disadvantages of various techniques
Machine-based road construction and maintenance: Construction and maintenance techniques,
costs and productivity of equipment.
Labour-based road construction and maintenance: Construction and maintenance techniques,
labour costs and productivity, costs and productivity of tools and equipment, labour-based
contracts.

Time:
4 hrs of lectures + 3 hrs tutorial or lab/week

Assessment
Continuous Assessment
Assignments 5%
Laboratory 15%
Test 20%
Final Examination 60%

Prescribed Books
1. Garber, N.J. and Hoel, L.E., Traffic and Highway Engineering, Fourth Edition SI, 2010,
Cengage Learning. ISBN-13: 9780495438533.
2.
Pavements, Fourth Edition, 2002, Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 13: 9780750650908

86
Recommended Reading
1. Mallick R.B. and El-Khorci T., Pavement Engineering: Principles and Practice, 2009, CRC
Press. SBN-13: 9781439870358
2. Gichaga, FJ and Parker, NA, Essential of Highway engineering with Reference to warm
climates, ANSTI Technology Series, Macmillan Publishers, ISBN 0-333-44856-1, 1988.

FIFTH YEAR COURSES

COURSE CODE: CEE 5111

COURSE TITLE: CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES AND MANAGEMENT

Rationale
The construction industry is a conglomeration of diverse fields and participants that are loosely
lumped together as a sector of the economy. The industry plays a central role in national
development. The importance of the industry lies in the function of its products that provide the
foundation for industr
economies need not be measured by the value of its output or the number of persons employed in
its activities alone. Effective and efficient management of the industry is, therefore, important.
The graduates will be involved in construction activities in one way or the other. This course
provides the foundation knowledge which is needed to understand the techniques employed in
construction as well as the art of management of construction projects.

Aim
The aim of this course is to introduce students to principles of construction management and
techniques.

Course Objectives
At the end of the course students should be able to:
1. know the key players within the construction industry;
2. develop project plans and schedules;
3. understand how project resources can be managed;
4. know the different types of equipment used in construction;
5. distinguish among the different types of specifications;
6. develop good specification writing techniques;
7. appreciate the need to work in a safe environment; and
8. perform basic economic evaluations.

Course Content
Introduction to construction industry
Contractor, engineer, economic considerations
Job planning and management
Construction stages, operations, schedules, materials and manpower, project control and
supervision, cost control,
Critical path methods in construction

87
Construction equipment
Functional and operational identifications, productivities and efficiencies, equipment selection
factors, equipment ownership, operating and maintenance costs
Types of construction equipment
Compressors and pumps, earthwork equipment, trenching, dredging and tunneling equipment,
power excavators and cranes, foundation and erection equipment, material handling equipment,
aggregate production equipment, concreting equipment, compacting and paving equipment, piles
and pile driving equipment, formwork design and economy
Construction specifications writing
Principles and types of specifications, writing techniques, bidding procedures, conditions of
contract.
Construction Safety
Direct and indirect costs of accidents, types of accidents and their prevention, construction
insurance

Time:
4 hrs of lectures + 3 hrs tutorial or lab/week

Assessment
Continuous Assessment
Assignments 20%
Test 20%
Final Examination 60%

Prescribed Books
1. Pilcher, Roy (1997). Principles of Construction Management (ISBN 0-07-707236-7),
McGraw-Hill Companies.
2. Harris, F.C. and McCaffer, R. (1999) Modern Construction Management. 5th Edition,
Blackwell Scientific

Recommended Reading
1. Harris F (1989). Modern Construction Equipment and Methods (ISBN 0-470-21320-5),
Longman Scientific and Technical

COURSE CODE: CEE 5122

COURSE TITLE: CONTRACT MANAGEMENT

Rationale
Civil and building development works usually involve more than one party. Contracts are the
instruments used to ensure that the parties meet their obligations to each other. The course
introduces students to management concepts and techniques used on construction projects. It
includes planning, scheduling, procurement, project organization, communications, cost control,
project/contract administration, and project close out.

Aim
The main aim of this course is to enable students to understand and appreciate project and

88
contract management in building services engineering and related building industry. Students
will gain a thorough understanding of recognizing and applying the various construction delivery
systems, financial management, quality control, and contract administration to real life projects.

Course Objectives
At the end of the course students should be able to:
1. describe the basic concepts and skills for construction project management;
2. explain the key issues for building contract procedures, management and administration
understand the contract life cycle;
3. recognize construction delivery systems and contract types;
4. identify dispute resolution alternatives;
5. prepare contract document components such as RFP;
6. evaluate bids;
7. understand and develop operational budgets and cashflows;
8. understand the EIA process;
9. apply the techniques of project planning and control on building projects; and
10. apply quality control and performance monitoring to the construction process.

Course Content
Introduction to Law of Contracts
Definition, Formation of Contract, Forms of Contracts, Contents of Contract Documents,
Conditions of Contract, Parties to a Contract, Dispute Resolution
Project Planning
Project Preparation, Cost Estimation, Timing, Review and Approval of Design Reports, Review
and Approval of Contract Documents
Project Administration
Definition, Possession of Site, Programme of Work, Site Supervision, Measurement and
Valuation of Work, Payment Certificates, Completion of Work, Personnel Management, Stores,
Signing of Contracts, Supervision of Site Managers
Procurement
Definition, Procurement Authorities, Value of Procurement Ceiling, Procurement Procedures and
Rules, Types of Assignments and Contracts, Selection of Consultants, Preparation of Terms of
Reference and Cost Estimates, Expression of Interest/Pre-qualification of Consultants, Request
for Proposals (RFP), Clarifications, Bid Opening and Evaluation, Negotiation and Awarding of
Consulting Contract, Invitation for Bids, Bidding Documents, Qualification Criteria/Security
Forms, Pre-qualification/Post-qualification, Site Inspection, Clarifications, Bid Opening, Tender
Evaluation, Negotiations and Award
Finance and Accounting
Purpose of Funds, Sources of Funds, Financial Regulations; Criteria for Disbursement, Cash-
flow monitoring Systems, Expenditure Monitoring Systems, Reporting, Value Added Tax,
Customs Duties, Withholding Tax.
Environmental Management
Definition, Policies and International Treaties, Statutory Requirements, Institutional
Arrangements, Screening, Scooping, Assessing, Mitigation and Impact Management, Reporting,
Reviewing, Decision-making, Monitoring and Implementation, Public Involvement
Quality Management
Definition of Quality, Costs and Benefits of Quality, Building a Quality Culture, Defining

89
Responsibilities, Planning Stage, Design Stage, Procurement stage, Implementation Stage,
Quality Manual, Standards and Specifications, Internal Management Systems, Quality
Assurance, Performance Monitoring

Time:
4 hrs of lectures + 3 hrs tutorial or lab/week

Assessment
Continuous Assessment
Assignments 20%
Test 20%
Final Examination 60%

Prescribed Books
1. Chan, C. T.-W. and Sin, H.-C., (2009) Construction Project Management: From Theory to
Practice, Prentice Hall, Singapore.
2. Thomas E. Uher and Philip Davenport, (2009) Fundamentals of Building Contract
Management, UNSW Press, ISBN 1742230210, 9781742230214

Recommended Reading
1. Pilcher, Roy (1997). Principles of Construction Management (ISBN 0-07-707236-7),
McGraw-Hill Companies.
2. Harris, F.C. and McCaffer, R. (1999) Modern Construction Management. 5th Edition,
Blackwell Scientific
3. Foreman, Dean (1999). Dean Foreman's 28 Laws of Contracting (ISBN 1-58112-790-1).
Universal Publishers.

COURSE CODE: CEE 5132

COURSE TITLE: RURAL AND URBAN PLANNING

Rationale
Urban, rural and regional planning have continually posed challenges to authorities in
developing countries over the years. The rapid development of cities, towns and other
settlements has led to socially, environmentally and economically unacceptable neighbourhoods
that have, in many cases, worsened living conditions. Engineers should therefore be exposed to
the basic concepts of planning since they are key professionals in infrastructure development.

Aim
The aim of the course is to impart the basic principles of urban and rural planning

Course Objectives
At the end of the course, the student should be able to:
apply the basic principles of rural and urban planning
effectively participate in planning urban, regional and rural developments

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Course Content
Introduction
Urbanisation, regionalisation and rural development and their impacts, need for planning,
synoptic approach to issues and disciplines involved; planning principles of Geddes, Howard and
other pioneers, modern trends
General planning
Planning surveys and studies, projection of data, planning standards, elements of a master plan,
drawing up the master plan, redevelopment plans, phasing and budgeting, legal tools and
implementation
Urban planning concepts and their applications
Concepts of neighbourhood planning, elements and standards and their evaluation. Special
problems of the Central Business district (CBD)
Regional planning
Introduction to regionalisation and regional planning, elements of regional development plans
and econometrics of regional development
Rural planning
Land development and consolidation, soil and water conservation, village and farmsettlement
schemes, cultivation, irrigation, roads and service plans. A forestation, land tenure systems
Housing policies
Concepts and trends; National Housing Policy of Zambia, case studies and critical evaluation

Time Allocation
Lectures: 4 hours/week
Tutorial: 3 hours/week
Assessment
Continuous Assessment
Assignments: 5%
Practical 15%
Test: 20%
Final Examination: 60%

Prescribed Books
1. Berke, P.R and Godschalk, D.R. Urban Land Use Planning, University of Illinois Press.
2006
2. Adams, D. Urban Planning and Development Process. UCL Press. 1994
3. Glasson, J. An Introduction to Regional Planning. UCL Press. 1992

COURSE CODE: CEE 5211

COURSE TITLE: DESIGN OF REINFORCED AND PRE-STRESSED CONCRETE

Rationale
Industrial, commercial and multi-storey residential structures and bridges are the key
components in economic growth of our nation, and are on the increase at all times.
Therefore, it is of cardinal importance that graduates from Civil Engineering participate in the
design, construction and maintenance of the above stipulated structures. This course equips them
with knowledge of design of structural elements using reinforced and pre-stressed concrete

91
materials, which are of paramount importance in ensuring high quality and long term
performance of industrial, commercial and multi-storey buildings and bridges.

Aim
The aim of this course is to provide methods of analysis and design of reinforced and pre-
stressed concrete structural elements using manual methods as well as the most up to date
computer software of PROKON, and prepare these design drawings as they are required in the
industry, ready for implementation.
Furthermore, this course offers trips to sites of industries as a practical induction of real life
experience after graduation.

Course Objectives
At the end of the course students should be able to: Design and prepare structural drawings of
Reinforced and pre-stressed concrete elements, and be able to supervise construction of the
same.

Course Content
Introduction
Reinforced Concrete as a structural material, Codes of Practice factors of safety, Ultimate limit
state and the distribution of strains and stresses across a section and general design equations.
Shear, Bond and Torsion: Shear, Anchorage Bond and laps in reinforcement; Section subject to
Torsional Moments.
Design of Reinforced Concrete Beams
Span-effective depth ratios, Design for bending and shear; Continuous Beams, Cantilever
Beams; Design for combined bending and torsion. Design of Reinforced Concrete Slabs: Span-
effective depth ratios; Reinforcement Details, Solid slabs spanning in two directions; Ribbed and
Hollow Block floors.
Column Design
Loading and moments; short and slender column; reinforcement details. Serviceability and
Durability: Span-effective depth ratios, calculation of deflections; Flexural cracking; Creep,
Thermal and shrinkage cracking; stability.
Foundations
Pad footings; combined footings; strap footings; strip footings; raft foundation; piled foundation.
Reinforced Concrete Framed Buildings:
Types and structural action, load combinations; frame analysis; stability; Building Design
Example.
Pre-stressed Concrete
Principles of prestressing; Methods of prestressing; Analysis and Design at the ultimate limit
state; Design for the serviceability limit state

Time:
4 hrs of lectures + 3 hrs tutorial or lab/week

Assessment
Continuous Assessment
Assignments 20%
Test 20%

92
 Final Examination 60%

Prescribed Books and Software of Structural Design

1. Chanaya Arya Design of Structural Elements 3rd Edition, 2009, by Taylor and Francis.
ISBN 0-203-92650-1
2. PROKON.

COURSE TITLE : WATER MANAGEMENT AND HYDRALIC STRUCTURES

COURSE CODE : CEE 5311

Rationale
The water resources of the world are one of its most important assets. Water is essential for
human consumption and sanitation, for the production of food and many industrial goods, for
navigation; water is a significant factor in recreation and transport. However water is unequally
distributed about the earth and its availability at any place varies greatly with time; in its use
water is polluted; excessive water (floods) cause substantial damage and loss of life. Therefore it
is only possible to achieve a level of efficiency in water use when skilled planning and careful
management is applied. So it is the privilege of the civil engineers to fulfil this essential task for
the well-being of human society.

Aim
To equip students with knowledge on planning and management of water resources projects, and
design, construction and management of dams and other hydraulic structures

Course Objectives
At the end of the course students should be able to:
1. Design hydraulic structures including reservoirs, dams and spillways;
2. Select pumps and turbines;
3. Model hydraulic structures;
4. Design irrigation systems
5. Plan and manage water resources

Course Content
Reservoirs
Physical characteristics, Mass curve and demand curve, Reservoir yield, Reservoir
sedimentation, Reservoir routing for alleviation of floods.
Dams
Types and their choice, Stability of dams, Design of spillway crests, Outlet works and energy
dissipaters
Hydraulic machinery
Hydropower, Classification and selection of turbines, Pump selection and pump characteristics.
Hydraulic models
Geometric, Kinematic and dynamic similarity, Models of rivers and channels, Selection of
criteria, Parameters and scales, Distorted models, Erodible bed models, Hydraulic structure
models, Experimental techniques and analysis of errors.

93
Irrigation
Principles of irrigation, Basic soil-water-plant relations (soil moisture retention curve), Salinity
problems in soil and water, Irrigation requirements, Consumptive use, Irrigation Methods,
Design of irrigation network lines and earth canals, Regime and tractive force methods,
Irrigation structures, Drainage, Operation and maintenance.
Water resources planning
Reconnaissance and feasibility studies including legal, social and environmental impacts,
Problems of uncertainty and lack of data, Introduction to multipurpose projects, Application of
optimization techniques such as linear programming.

Time:
4 hrs of lectures + 3 hrs tutorial or lab/week

Assessment
Continuous Assessment
Assignments 20%
Test 20%
Final Examination 60%

Prescribed Books
1. David A. Chin, 2006. Water Resources Engineering, 2nd Ed, Pearson Prentice Hall, ISB:
0-13-148192-4
2. Hoffman G. H, Evans R. G., Jensen E. M., Martin D. L., and Elliot R. L. (2007). Design
and Operation of Farm Irrigation Systems, American Society of Agricultural Engineers,
ISBN: 1-892769-64-6.

Recommended Reading
1. Mays, L. W. (2011). Water Resources Engineering, 2nd Ed: Wiley India Pvt. Limited,
ISBN 9788126531646
2. Novak, P., Moffat, A. I. B., Nalluri, C., & Narayanan, R. (2007). Hydraulic Structures,
Fourth Edition: Taylor & Francis, ISBN. 9780203964637

COURSE CODE: CEE 5222

COURSE TITLE: DESIGN OF STEEL STRUCTURES

Rationale
Industrial, commercial and multi-storey residential structures and bridges are the key
components in economic growth of our nation, and are on the increase at all times.

Therefore, it is of cardinal importance that graduates from Civil Engineering participate in the
design, construction and maintenance of the above stipulated structures. This course equips them
with knowledge of design of structural elements using structural steel material, which is of
paramount importance in ensuring high quality and long term performance of industrial,
commercial and multi-storey buildings and bridges.

94
Aim
The aim of this course is to provide methods of analysis and design of structural steel elements
using manual methods as well as the most up to date computer software of PROKON, and
prepare these design drawings as they are required in the industry, ready for implementation.

Furthermore, this course offers trips to sites of industries as a practical induction of real life
experience after graduation.

Course Objectives
At the end of the course students should be able to: Design and prepare structural drawings of
Structural steel elements, and be able to supervise construction of the same.

Course Content
Steel as a structural materials, Codes of Practice, Load factors, Structural sections.
Design of tension members, Design of flexural members (beams); Combined bending and
tension; Design of compression members (including built up sections ); Column bases;
Combined bending and axial load. Design of connections. Design of Trusses. Design of frames.
Building Design (Design Project).

Time:
4 hrs of lectures + 3 hrs tutorial or lab/week

Assessment
Continuous Assessment
Assignments 20%
Test 20%
Final Examination 60%

Prescribed Books and Software of Structural Design

1. Chanaya Arya Design of Structural Elements 3rd Edition, 2009, by Taylor and Francis.
ISBN 0-203-92650-1
2. PROKON

Recommended Reading
1. Structural Steel Design by Mc Graw-Hill.
ISBN 0-07-053563-9

COURSE CODE: CEE 5232

COURSE TITLE: STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS

Rationale
The analysis and design of dynamically sensitive civil engineering structures, such as tall
buildings, towers and chimneys and long span bridges, requires the application of structural
dynamics tools and knowledge.
Aim
The course aims at introducing the concepts of structural dynamics and the response of civil

95
engineering structures to time-varying loads, including those due to wind and earthquakes. This
requires the extension of structural theory to include the effects of the mass and damping and to
evaluate the action of various deterministic and random dynamic loads.

Course Objectives
At the end of the course students should be able to:
1. Set up and solve the equation of motion for simple mass-spring-damper systems under
harmonic force or base motion.
2. Determine the response of SDOF systems to arbitrary force or ground motion by both
Duhamel integral and time-stepping integration methods.
3. Understand the origin and nature of seismic ground motion, and be able to construct and
use response spectra.
4. Formulate and solve the equations of motion for simple MDOF systems to obtain natural
frequencies and modes.
5. Conduct dynamic analyses of simple MDOF systems using modal superposition, spectral-
modal analysis and equivalent static force methods.

Course Content
of motion under constant and
variable forces, work-energy, impulse momentum and conservation principles. Dynamic
systems with single-degree of freedom equation of motion free and forced vibration, transient
response in elastic and elasto-plastic systems. Dynamic systems with multi-degree of freedom
free and forced vibration of two degree of freedom systems, matrix iteration for the
determination of natural frequencies, stiffness method and flexibility method. Vibration of
continuous systems-mathematical modelling, transverse vibration of beams.

Time:
4 hrs of lectures + 3 hrs tutorial or lab/week

Assessment
Continuous Assessment
Assignments 20%
Test 20%
Final Examination 60%

Prescribed Books
1. Biggs J.M., Introduction to Structural Dynamics. McGraw-Hill, 1964

Recommended Reading
1. J.W., Penzien J., Dynamics of Structure, McGraw-Hill, 1970.

COURSE CODE: CEE 5242

COURSE TITLE: BRIDGE ENGINEERING

Rationale
There is growing demand for infrastructure development, especially in the road sector. Based on

96
regional market analysis, there are very few specialists in the field of Bridge Engineering hence
the need to prepare a base for young Engineers who might need to further their specialization in
this area.

Aim
The main aim of this course is impart a solid background to students who may need practice or
further their knowledge in the field of Bridge Engineering.

Course Objectives
At the end of the course students should be able to:
1. Plan and Select suitable bridges
2. Analyse and design bridges
3. Select sites and supervise bridge construction
4. Select suitable bridge bearings
5. Conduct Bridge Load Capacity Evaluation and Rating
6. Apply CAD in Bridge Engineering

Course Content
Introduction
Concepts of bridge design, design codes, bridge classification and types: pre-cast, composite,
pre-stressed concrete, suspension/cable-stayed bridges, siting.
Bridge Planning and Selection
Traffic Studies, Hydrotechnical Studies, Geotechnical Studies, Environmental Considerations,
Economic Feasibility of a Bridge, Factors Considered in Deciding Bridge Type, Aesthetics in
Bridge Design
Loads
Train loads, element dependent loads, temperature, Eigen stress and hydration, statical and
dynamic winds, collision, settlements and vertical adjustments of supports
Bridge Structural Analysis
Continuous beams, girder, slab system, folded structures, cable structure
Analysis Steps and Erection Methods
Construction stages and superposition, incremental launching method, cantilever method. 1 st, 2nd
and 3rd order theory of bridge analysis, non-linear materials and contact elements (slip, flow, and
crack), primary states of deformation, influence lines, hydration, imperfections, buckling, Eigen
values and Eigen mode shapes concepts.
Superstructure Design
Concrete Bridges (Reinforced and Prestressed)
Steel Girder Bridges
Substructure Design
Construction Methods and Quality Control
Bridge Bearings and Joints
Bridge Load Capacity Evaluation and Rating
CAD in Bridge Engineering
Bridge design project

Time:
4 hrs of lectures + 3 hrs tutorial or lab/week

97
Assessment
Continuous Assessment
Assignments 20%
Test 20%
Final Examination 60%

Prescribed Books
1. Richard M. Barker , Jay A. Puckett (2013), Design of Highway Bridges, Third Edition ,
John Wiley & Sons, ISBN-10: 0470900660, ISBN-13: 978-0470900666
2. Demetrios E. Tonias, Jim J. Zhao (2007). Bridge Engineering, 2nd Edition, McGraw-Hill,
ISBN-10: 0071459030

Recommended Reading
1. Wai-Fah Chen; Lian Duan (2003), Bridge Engineering: Construction and Maintenance
(Principles and Applications in Engineering), CRC Press, ISBN: 0849316847
2. Kim Robert H., Kim Jai B. (2001), Bridge Design for the Civil and Structural Professional
Engineering Exams, 2nd Edition, PPI, ISBN: 978-1-888577-71-6

COURSE CODE: CEE 5332

COURSE TITLE: PRINCIPLES OF INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCES
MANAGEMENT

Rationale
There is growing awareness of the need for comprehensive and integrated water resources
management. Integrated water resources management seeks to manage the water resources in a
comprehensive and holistically. The course will therefore equip the students with the necessary
skills in this emergent area.

Aim
The aim of the course is to impart the basic principles of Integrated Water Resource
Management (IWRM) and the implied multidisciplinary approach to water resources
management.

Course Objectives
At the end of the course, students should be able to:
1. Define IWRM and understand the basic principles and concepts
2. Apply the concepts and principles in management and development of water resources at
local and national levels

Course Content
IWRM in context
Traditional development practices, Challenges of IWRM, Management Principles in the context
of IWRM, Steps in establishing IWRM institutions
Concepts and definitions
The water cycle, three characteristics of water, integrated water resources management,

98
Policy principles, Sustainability of water resources, Institutional aspects, Strategic issues
Introduction to system thinking and problem analysis
What is a system? Some examples of systems, Some historical aspects on the study of systems,
Basic systems terminologies, Basic systems models, The concept of systems-ware, The
performance of systems, Systems, strategic planning and policy development.
Water allocation: some general consideration
Introduction, Balancing demand and supply, Issues in water allocation
Urban Water Demand
Estimation of urban water demand, Pricing of urban water
Rural Water demand
Water use, Different types of domestic water use, Determinants of water use, The deterioration
in piped water supply, The burden of water collection, The true cost of water, Cost of
alternatives, Health effects of alternative water sources and sanitation facilities
Agricultural Water demand
Yield response to water, Crop water requirements, Rain fed agriculture, Irrigation, Yield
reduction due to water shortage,
Environmental Water Demand
Introduction, quantifying environmental water requirements

Prerequisite:
CEE 4311

Time Allocation
Lectures: 4 hours/week
Practical/Tutorial: 3 hours/week

Assessment
Continuous Assessment
Tutorial/Assignments: 20%
Test: 20%
Final Examination: 60 %

Recommended Reading
1. Jos G. Timmerman, Claudia Pahl-Wostl, and Jorn Moltgen The Adaptiveness of IWRM

2. Catalyzing Change: A handbook for developing integrated water resources management

(IWRM) and water efficiency strategies (GWP)Printed by: Elanders 2004 Production

COURSE CODE: CEE 5412

COURSE TITLE: ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING II

Rationale:
An introductory appreciation on the background, future and other complex issues that are linked
to the environment.

99
Aim:
To provide an understanding on environmental ethics and material balances.

Course Objectives
At the end of the course students should be able to understand the basic concepts that articulate
environmental issues including urbanisation, pollution, hazardous waste management and
general environmental management:

Course Content
Introduction
Historical developments, urbanisation, industrialisation, population growth and the environment;
sustainable development, the project cycle.
Water Supply and Wastewater Problems and Practices
Treatment processes in developmental stages, design of municipal water and wastewater
treatment systems; design of reservoirs, transmission and distribution systems; sewage and water
collection works; comprehensive engineering reports and cost estimates; operation and
maintenance economics; industrial water supply and wastewater problems measures for
treatment and disposal; technical, administrative and regulatory aspects; introduction to
institutional affairs.
Low-cost Water Supply and Sanitation
The goal of universal coverage and the obstacles/pitfalls; conventional versus alternative
approaches in water supply and sanitation; community-based approaches, appropriate/alternative
technologies in water supply and sanitation; rural water supply and peri-urban water supply the
challenges.
Solid Waste Management
Principles of the theory, design; operation of waste collection, transport and disposal systems;
recycling of solid waste, introduction to hazardous waste management.
Cleaner Production
Waste reclamation, reuse and recycle; reuse of wastewater for agriculture, the 3rs
Environmental Management
Definitions, basic principles of environmental management, environmental planning, monitoring,
assessment (EIAs), auditing; legal and socio-economic considerations in environmental
management
Projects
Complete design/analysis projects for water, wastewater, solid wastes and environmental
systems

Time:
4 hrs of lectures + 3 hrs tutorial or lab/week/Design exercise per week

Assessment
Continuous Assessment
Assignments 20%
Test 20%
Final Examination 60%

100
Prescribed Books
1. Vesilind P.,Morgan S.,and Heine L., Introduction to Environmental Engineering, 2010
2. Cairncross, S. And Feachem,R.G., Environmental Health Engineering in the Tropics, John
Wiley and Sons, 1993

Recommended Reading
1. Tchobanoglous G. and Schroeder, E.D., Water Quality, Addisson-Wesley, 1985
2. Tchobanoglous, G. and Burton, F.L., Wastewater Engineering Treatment, Disposal and
Reuse, 3rd Edition, McGraw-hill, 1991
3. Twort, A.C., Law,F.M., Crowley, F.W., and Ratnayaka, D.D., Water Supply, 4 th Edition,
Arnold, 1994
4. Tchobanoglous,G.,Thiessen,H. And Vigil, S., Integrated Solid Waste Management,
McGraw-Hill, 1993

COURSE CODE: CEE 5612

COURSE TITLE: TRANSPORTATION PLANNING AND TRAFFIC ENGINEERING

Rationale
Civil Engineers involved in Transportation are expected to participate in the planning of
transportation systems, provision of safe and efficient transportation systems and in solving
problems related to transportation like congestion, pollution and accidents.

Aims
1. To introduce students to transportation planning in urban areas and the management of
traffic. The course emphases on urban transportation planning, transportation data sources
and surveys, fundamentals of travel demand and network modeling, financial issues.
2. To introduce students to traffic analysis and modelling; traffic management principles and
to traffic flow theory and principles of traffic signal operation.

Course Objectives
At the end of the course students should be able to:
1. Evaluate and analyse different alternatives in the selection of Projects for design;
2. Design, Conduct and administer surveys to provide data required for transportation
Planning.
3. Forecast Travel Demand;
4. Evaluate and analyse different alternatives in the selection of Projects for design;
5. Be familiar with the impact of transportation on the environment with focus on air quality
conformity;
6. Be familiar with Impact of the transportation project on the land use
7. Be familiar the fundamental traffic flow theories and identify basic traffic variables and
their relationships including speed, density and flow.
8. Analyze a variety of traffic facilities and evaluate capacity and level of service (LOS).
9. Design signalized intersections including isolated, coordinated and roundabouts.
10. Assess, evaluate and justify methods of traffic management and control.
11. Evaluate traffic impacts on the environment and safety.

101
Course Content
Transportation planning
Transportation systems and their characteristics, fundamental concepts and requirements in
planning, appropriate modelling techniques, surveys for transportation studies.
Evaluation of transport schemes: Economic, environmental.
Traffic engineering analysis
Traffic characteristics, volumes and speed, traffic growth, traffic flow analysis.
Road capacity
Road functions and classifications to select appropriate elements of road links, geometric design.
Traffic management and control

Time:
4 hrs of lectures + 3 hrs tutorial or lab/week

Assessment
Continuous Assessment
Assignments 20%
Test 20%
Final Examination 60%

Prescribed Books
1. Garber, N.J. and Hoel, L.E., Traffic and Highway Engineering, Fourth Edition SI ,2010,
Cengage Learning. . ISBN-13: 9780495438533.
2. Khisty C.J. and Lall B.K., Transportation Engineering: An Introduction, Third Edition,
2003, Pearson Prentice Hall. ISBN 13: 9780130335609

Recommended Reading
1. Mannering F. and Washburn S., Principles of Highway Engineering and Traffic Analysis,
Fifth Edition, 2012, John Wiley and Sons. SBN-13: 9781118120149
2. C.S. Papacostas, P.D. Prevedouros, Transportation Engineering and Planning, 2005,
Prentice Hall. ISBN 13: 9780131973091

102